洋面孔爱上“望闻问切”
2018-07-05陈宁于伟汤婕
陈宁?于伟?汤婕
海外学生走进来,古老中医走出去
5月,美国人达琳每天一早来到位于杭州的浙江省中医院针灸科,跟着自己的中国老师、医院针灸科主治医师周海江学习“望闻问切”。与达琳一同到省中医院学习的,还有20余位来自美国芬格湖群针灸与东方医学院的学生。
除了这批洋学生,笔者在省中医院、浙江中医药大学附属第三医院还见到了不少专程到浙江学习中医技术的国外医学生、医生。
实际上,从上世纪80年代开始,就有不少外国留学生慕名来到浙江省学习中医技术。近年来,“一带一路”倡议的提出和实施,更是为浙江中医药事业“走出去”提供了难得的契机,在海外掀起“中医热”。
一封邮件结下渊源
1999年“浙江省中医临床国际交流中心”在浙江省中医院成立,外国留学生开始进行“组团式”学习。“浙江省中医临床国际交流中心”也承担起传播浙江中医药事业的重任。
要怎么主动“走出去”?中心的医务人员想到了一个办法,他们将精心制作好的中医推广小册子,逐一发到美国医学院校教师、学生的电子邮箱里。
达琳就是回复电子邮件的人之一。
受家庭环境影响,达琳从小就对中国文化有着浓厚的兴趣。早在1981年,她就在美国芬格湖群针灸与东方医学院学习中医,毕业后留校任教,并考取了美国医师执照。1999年,对中国、中医和浙江的强烈好奇心,促使她很快回复了电子邮件。当年,达琳就开始了在浙江省中医院的学习。
“中医技术有不可取代的优势,掌握这项技术应该可以帮助更多的人。”达琳说,在这里,她看到了针灸、推拿等中医技术的应用,也体会到了中国人对传统医学的热忱。近20年里,每到四五月份,达琳就会带着美国学生到浙江省中医院学习,他们是从主动申请到中国学习的医学生中选拔出来的。
“浙江省中医临床国际交流中心”成立以来,浙江省中医院每年接收来自美国、以色列、比利时、捷克等国家的留学生200余人次。
“中医药事业的发展不只局限于临床医疗、教学、科研和人才培养,更要通过培养留学生的方式,输出我们博大精深的中医药文化。”浙江省中医院党委书记黄琦说。
搭上“一带一路”快车
如今,到浙江学习中医,针灸、推拿技术成为各国留学生们特别偏爱的选择。
4月底,在浙江中医药大学附属第三医院,白俄罗斯明斯克地区医院物理治疗师叶丽娜一行3人,在这所以针灸推拿技术为特色的中医院里,开启为期45天的交流学习。
在医院针灸诊室内,叶丽娜除了专注于她的中国老师、医院针灸科副主任韩德雄的手法和讲解外,还观察着病人的反馈,并用纸笔不断记录。“针灸、推拿技术是不需要药物辅助的‘绿色治疗方式,在国际上有着非常高的认可度。”韩德雄告诉记者,针推技术对哮喘的治疗已经得到国际认可。
为了让叶丽娜等人尽快融入学习环境,浙江中医药大学附属第三医院的医生们还专门设置了特色课程,并编写了简易的英文教材。
“30年前,针灸技术就已经出现在白俄罗斯。那里的很多患者对针灸有一定了解,将它视为一种奇特的治疗方法。”叶丽娜告诉记者,她希望在浙江进行专业的学习后,能够回国进一步推广针灸技术。
浙江与明斯克地区的结缘,还得益于“一带一路”倡议的提出和实施。2016年12月,国家中医药管理局等联合印发《中医药“一带一路”发展规划(2016-2020年)》,要求到2020年,与“一带一路”沿线国家和地区合作建设30个中医药海外中心。去年,浙江省政府办公厅印发的《关于加快推动中医药发展的实施意见》也明确,加强与“一带一路”沿线国家和地区中医药交流与合作。
今年1月,浙江与明斯克地区共建的中医诊疗中心正式成立。3位来自浙江的中医师向当地民众展示了针灸、推拿、理疗等中医技术,传统的中医药文化在白雪皑皑的白俄罗斯聚起“人气”。
“搭上了‘一带一路的顺风车,我们更有底气走出去,留学生们也更愿意走进来。”浙江中医药大学附属第三医院院长高祥福告诉笔者,今年初,他曾到访白俄罗斯,看到了许多“中国制造”的中医医疗产品出现在那里,这让他对中医药文化的海外传播更有信心。
中西结合优势互补
越来越多的海外留学生和医生来到浙江学习中医技术,他们心怀同一理念:中医和西医应该互相融合,取长补短。
美国人麦克在学习了5年的中医后,对这门传统医学有了新的认识。“中医将人体的五脏六腑视为一个整体,认为人是自然的一部分,这种整体观是西医比较欠缺的。”麦克说,中西医的有效结合将会是一种治疗选择,并且能够降低治疗的副作用。
白俄罗斯明斯克地区医院康复和强化训练医生卓娅认为:“东方医学在康复和慢性疼痛及其他慢性疾病的治疗领域更为有效。西医则适用于急救护理等,在急性病理学中更有效。”
在浙江省中医院工作期间,周海江辅导过来自以色列、比利时、美国、德国等地的留学生。这些学生的勤奋好学、认真严谨给他留下了深刻的印象。其中,一位名叫德罗尔的以色列学生先后7次来到中国,师从周海江,如今他已是当地小有名气的针灸治疗师。
浙江有着培养中医留学生的良好基础。浙江省中医院、浙江中医药大学附属第三医院都是浙江中医药大学的附属医院。浙江中医药大學自1985年开展国际教育工作以来,迄今已培养了来自五大洲近60个国家和地区的各类学生5000余人。2017年,有各类长短期国际学生600余人。
近年来,浙江中医药大学相继在葡萄牙科英布拉大学建立孔子学院,在罗马尼亚“VasileGoldish”西方大学建立国际中医中心,已与30余个国家与地区的90余个教育、科研、医疗单位建立了合作关系。
浙江省中醫药管理局局长徐伟伟说:“中医药之所以有吸引力,是因其独特的预防保健理念与现代医学优势互补。作为中医药大省的浙江,将为推动中医药事业走向海外发挥更多积极作用。”
(本文图片摄影:于伟)
TCM Sets off on A New Journey in “Belt and Road” Countries
By Chen Ning, Yu Wei, Tang Jie
In the 1980s hospitals in Hangzhou, capital city of Zhejiang province in eastern China, began to see the first wave of international students coming in to learn about traditional Chinese medicine. Zhejiang TCM Hospital in Hangzhou set up a TCM Clinic International Exchange Center in 1999. To promote the new learning platform, the electronic copy of a pamphlet designed by the hospitals medical staff was sent out to students and teachers in a dozen medical schools in America.
Darlene was one of the earliest respondents. Influenced by her family, Darlene became fascinated with the Chinese culture at a young age. By the time she received the email from the hospital in Hangzhou, she had been teaching TCM at the Finger Lakes School of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine for years after graduation from the school.
“In many senses, TCM has no rivals; and I believe a better mastery of the art will enable me to help more people,” Darlene explains. The Hangzhou experiences opened her eyes to the remarkable application of the science. “The enthusiasm of the general public in TCM also set me thinking,” she says. For nearly two decades since 1999, Darlene brought her students to Hangzhou every year to take part in hands-on clinical activities.
Every year since its launch, the hospitals international exchange center saw more than 200 students from the US, Israel, Belgium, Czech, and many other countries walking in and leaving with a better understanding of the magic of this ancient medical art from China.
“The development of TCM in the modern world goes much more beyond clinical practice and lab researches. Foreign students going back to their home countries to share what they learned from us are a best channel of communication,” points out Huang Qi, Secretary of the hospitals Party Committee.
“TCM fascinates me because it shows me the truly ‘green therapy that is being increasingly recognized by a global medical mainstream audience,” says Alena, from the Republic of Belarus. She has just finished a 45-day clinical program started in late April in Zhejiang TCM Hospital.
“Acupuncture used for medical purposes appeared in Belarus about 30 years ago, and has been well-received among local patients,” Alena reveals.
Echoing the launch of a TCM promotion plan in the “Belt and Road Initiative” countries and regions in late 2016, a TCM Center was unveiled in Minsk earlier this year.
“Traditional medical sciences in the East have proved their unique edges especially in rehabilitation, and in the treatment of chronic pain and many chronic diseases, although western medicine has shown its magic in first aid and the treatment of acute diseases,“ says Zoya, also from Belarus.
Over the years, the foreign students passion in TCM and the eagerness to learn has also become a valuable asset of Zhejiang TCM Hospital. Behind such exciting international communication is also the enterprise of the Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in international education. The schools International Education Departments has served more than 5,000 students from more than 60 countries and regions since 1985, and produced some 600 graduates in 2017 alone. The school recently launched a Confucius Institution at the Academica Coimbra in Portugal and an international TCM center at Vasile Goldish in Romania. So far, the university has set up partnerships with more than 90 institutions of education, science and medicine in over 30 countries and regions.
”The special appeal of TCM resides in its unique preventive philosophy and its complementation with modern western medicine. As a TCM powerhouse, Zhejiang aims to play a more proactive role in promoting TCM undertakings overseas,” commented Xu Weiwei, director of Zhejiang TCM Administration.