首尔路7017，首尔，韩国

建筑设计：MVRDV

1 鸟瞰/Aerial view

2017年5月20日，首尔市市长朴元淳宣布首尔空中花园“首尔路7017”正式对公众开放。这座位于首尔市中心的废弃高架桥被改造成一座生机勃勃的城市植物园，在市中心提供了一个最多样化的韩国本土植物品类展示。改造后的983m长的公共花园走廊聚集了至少50个不同科目的树、灌木、花草等，通过645个不同的盆景展示，收集了约228个主要品种及亚种。最终，整个花园将包括共24,000棵植物，其中许多在未来10年还将持续生长至更高的高度。

这座空中花园的韩国名称“Seoullo”在韩文中的意思是“面向韩国”和“韩国的街道”，而“7017”源于前高架桥的建成年份1970，以及它将作为空中花园的重生年份2017的结合。这座紧邻首尔中央火车站的高架人行桥将进一步推动火车站周边地区变得更加绿色、友好和富有吸引力，也从更广阔的范围将城市绿地连接起来。在市政府和当地非政府组织的协助下，景观设计和城市顾问团队决心将最多样化的植物群体引入复杂的城市环境中。新的人行桥和楼梯也将整个高架桥与周边的酒店、商店和花园连接起来。

“我们的设计将韩国自然遗产的部分精华，以生动的植物百科形式置于城市中心。主要理念是将城市居民与自然紧密联系起来，同时提供一个观望首尔火车站和崇礼门的绝佳视野。空中花园既是一座教育性的植物园，也是孕育各类物种的城市苗圃，未来随着植物生长繁茂，部分植物迁居可使绿色逐渐延伸到城市其他角落。”MVRDV联合创始人维尼·马斯说，“所有植物被种植于不同大小和高度的盆栽，以不同科目来组织，通过韩文字母排序，形成别具一格的空间形态。”

整条空中走廊的设计也可看作一系列小型花园的集合，每一座小花园都以其独特的形态、香气、颜色等加以区分。花园景观会随着季节而变化：秋季是以枫叶的红渲染了主色，春季樱花和杜鹃开始盛放，冬季是常绿针叶树为主，而夏季则是灌木和果树枝繁叶茂的时期。“但是这里不仅仅只是一座‘植物图书馆’，也有一系列公共活动的空间。某些地方植物被抬高，下方有商店、画廊、茶室、剧院、信息中心、维护设施、餐厅等等不同功能，高架桥将发展为一座生机盎然的空中花园小镇。”马斯补充道。

这些功能也将直接造福于未来使用者的体验性，通过在花园中创造活跃的公共空间，从文化及商业的层面与城市活动紧密结合。一小部分可移动盆栽还可在未来将种子和植物灵活地转移到更大的盆栽。各种楼梯、电梯、人行桥、手扶梯等设施将空中花园与城市连接起来，由周边的城市肌理形成弹性关系。夜幕降临时，空中花园将被蓝色的灯光点亮，与周边的城市灯光形成对比，采用一种更亲近自然的灯光色。而有盛大节日或庆祝活动时，灯光的颜色也可以随之调整或改变。□

May 20th 2017, Mayor of Seoul, Won-soon Park officially opened Seoul's new public garden Skygarden, Seoullo 7017. Located in the heart of Seoul, a true plant village has been realised on a former inner city highway in an ever-changing urban area accommodating the biggest variety of Korean plant species and transforming it into a public 983-metre long park gathering 50 families of plants including trees, shrubs and flowers displayed in 645 tree pots, collecting around 228 species and subspecies. In total, the park will include 24,000 plants that are newly planted, many of which will grow to their final heights in the next decade.

Seoullo, the Korean name for Skygarden translates to "towards Seoul" and "Seoul Street",while 7017 marks the overpass' construction year of 1970, and its new function as a public walkway in 2017. The pedestrianised viaduct next to Seoul's main station is the next step towards making the city and especially the central station district, greener, friendlier and more attractive,whilst connecting all patches of green in the wider area. Together with the municipality, local NGO's,landscape teams and city advisers are committed to accommodating the biggest diversity of flora into a strictly urban condition. New bridges and stairs connect the viaduct with hotels, shops and gardens.

"Our design offers a living dictionary of plants which are part of the natural heritage of South Korea and now, existing in the city centre. The idea here is to connect city dwellers with nature, while at the same time also offering the opportunity of experiencing these amazing views to the Historical Seoul Station and Namdaemun Gate. Skygarden is an educational arboretum, a nursery for future species and one that in the future will act as a garden which can extend to other parts of Seoul as the plants grow and are transferred to new homes", says Winy Maas, founding partner of MVRDV. "They are planted in containers of different size and height,and organised in groups of families. The families are ordered according to the Korean alphabet. This leads to surprising spatial compositions".

The linear park was designed as a collection of small gardens, each one with its very own composition, perfume, colour and identity. The landscape will change according to the seasons: the bright colours of leaves in autumn of the Aceraceae family (maples), the blossom of cherry trees and rhododendron in spring, the evergreen conifers trees in winter and shrubs and trees bearing fruit in summer. "But it is not only 'a library of plants',but also a series of pots are set. Here the plants are lifted. Underneath there are shops, galleries, tea houses, a theatre, information centres, maintenance boots and restaurants, thus the viaduct is getting inhabited by a plant village", continues Maas.

These contribute to enhancing the experience of users, boosting the park with activities that engage the city on a cultural and commercial level.Small mobile pots are added for seeds and plants that can be used afterwards in the bigger pots.Multiple stairs, lifts, bridges and escalators connect the city to the new park, rebounding it to the adjacent urban fabric. At night, the Skygarden is illuminated in blue lights in contrast to the bright city lights as the colour is friendly to nature. During festivals and celebrations, different colours can also be changed.□

2 轴测图/Axonometric

3 夜景/Night view

4 外景/Exterior view

项目信息/Credits and Data

竞赛阶段/Competition: Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs and Nathalie de Vries with Wenchian Shi, Kyosuk Lee, WANG Kai, Ángel Sánchez Navarro, Jaewoo Lee, Antonio Luca Coco, Matteo Artico and Jaime Domínguez Balgoma

设计深化/Design Development: Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs and Nathalie de Vries with Wenchian Shi, Kyosuk Lee,Mafalda Rangel, WANG Kai, Daehee Suk, Daan Zandbergen,Dong Min Lee and Sen Yang

景观建筑师/Landscape Architect: Ben Kuipers, Delft,Netherlands

合作建筑师/Local Architect: DMP, Seoul, Korea

结构顾问/Structure: Saman Engineering, Seoul, Korea

合作景观设计/Local Landscape Designer: KECC, Seoul,Korea

建筑结构顾问/Architectural Structure: Cross, Seoul, Korea机电工程/MEP: Samsin, Seoul, Korea

交通工程/Traffic Engineers: Song Hyun R&D, Seoul, Korea灯光设计/Lighting Design: Rogier van der Heide and Nanam Ald, Seoul Korea

摄影/Photos: Ossip van Duivenbode

5.6 外景/Exterior views

7 总平面/Master plan

1-孙基祯运动公园/Son Kee Chung Sports Park

2-里加公园/Riga Park

3-运动花园/Sports Garden

4-瀑布花园/Waterfall Garden

5-绿屋会议中心/Green House Convention Centre

6-首尔火车站广场花园/Seoul Station Plaza Garden

7-条纹公园/Stripe Garden

8-户外剧场/Outdoor Theatre

9-Cheongpa口袋公园/Cheongpa Pocket Park

10-国家剧场花园/National Theatre Garden

11-来美安花园/Raemian Garden

12-天主教校园花园/Catholic Campus Garden

13-西小门朝圣花园/Seosomun Pilgrim Garden

14-崇礼门历史公园/Namdaemun History Park

15-崇礼门生态拱廊/Namdaemun Eco Arcade

16-会贤口袋公园/Hoehyeon Pocket Parks

17-首尔要塞公园/Seoul Fortress Park

18-城市雕塑花园/Urban Sculpture Garden

19-延世花园洞/Yonsei Garden Void

20-下景螺旋楼梯/Sunken Spiral Stairs

21-首尔广场平台/Seoul Square Terrace

22-Huam口袋公园/Huam Pocket Parks

23-条形码花园/Barcode Garden

24-绿洲花园/Oasis Garden

25-乐天城市农场/Lotte Urban Farm

26-生态购物中心/Eco Shopping Mall

27-世宗大道/Seojong Boulevard

23-25 外景/Exterior views

评论

刘玉龙：首尔路空中花园可以说是纽约高线花园的公路版，所不同的是，其在“连接”上的功能和意义更加明显，高架桥将火车站周边的混杂、不规则的城市空间在立体上串联起来，形成新的城市意象。不过，站在桥上看下去，其周边的大尺度的消极空间还需要进一步的改善；而几百个大大小小的花坛则过于单一，桥上的空间的丰富度和多样性都逊色多了。或许假以时日，茂盛的植物会弥补缺憾，并形成宜人的休憩空间。马英：“废弃物”的再生在现代城市建筑环境的重构过程中似乎越来越得到城市管理部门与专业人士的共同认知，并不断影响与提升普通大众的全新城市生活体验。“城市绿脉”“空中花园”“植物图书馆”等等名词用在首尔7017项目之中，贴切地反映出该项目的创新价值观，玲珑变化的空中绿色廊道给人们提供了完全不同的交通、认知、学习、交流、体验的过程，蜿蜒的高架桥如同绿藤一样紧紧纽系着不同功能、不同空间、不同场所的城市公共空间。火车站及其线路作为以往粗鲁分割城市环境肌理的消极分子在这充满诗情画意的步行系统中变得如此亲民和易达，不仅极大地加强了首尔站两侧区域的步行通过性，同时最大化地激发了特殊地区环境的吸引力，独特的夜景照明设计也使得该廊道在夜间展现着持久的城市魅力。

Comments

LIU Yulong: Seoullo Skygarden can be seen as the street version of the High Line Park in New York.The difference is that its functions and meanings of"connection" are more obvious. The viaduct connects the mixed and irregular city space around the train station together three-dimensionally, and creates a new city image. However, looking from the top of the bridge, the huge negative space of the surrounding area needs further improvement; and hundreds of different sized flower beds look too monotonous,making the richness and diversity of the space on bridge duller. Perhaps in time, the fl ourishing plants will make up for the weaknesses and form a pleasant

space for rest. (Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)

MA Ying: The regeneration of the "waste" seems to get more and more common recognitions by both city governance departments and specialists amid the restructuring process of modern urban architectural environment, and constantly influences and upgrades the general public's brand new experience of living in city. Concepts like "city green pulse," "sky garden,""plant library," etc., that are used in the Seoul 7017 project faithfully reflect the innovation-oriented value of the project. The delicate sky green corridor provides people totally different experience of transportation,recognition, learning, communication and process; and the winding overpass connects the urban public space of different functions, different spaces, and different places like a green vine. The railway station and its line,which are regarded as negative components splitting the urban environmental texture rudely, become so amiable and accessible in such a poetic and picturesque walking system. The project not only enhances the pedestrian accessibility of the area on two sides of Seoul Station tremendously, but also stimulates the attractiveness of the environment of the special area.In addition, the unique lighting design at night endows the corridor with enduring city charms.