护泉，济南人挥之不去的情愫

文、图／李瑞勇

泉水是济南闻名世界的独特名片，是济南的灵魂，是世代济南人为之骄傲的本钱。这个城市因泉而生，因泉而建，因泉而发展。济南有六大泉群、七十二名泉。位于济南趵突泉公园内的趵突泉则是济南七十二名泉之首，被誉为“天下第一泉”。著名文学家蒲松龄则评价趵突泉是“海内之名泉第一，齐门之胜地无双”。

我小时候经常到趵突泉公园看泉水，那时的“三股水”冒得很高，池底安装着粗粗的大管子，问了大人才知道那是自来水厂安装的抽水管道。那个年代，自来水厂就在现在的趵突泉池边，离泉池仅一墙之隔。

那时的人们以为趵突泉是取之不尽用之不竭的天然地下水库，从未想过泉水还会干枯。但随着开采，不知从什么时候开始，趵突泉的水不多了。后来就不允许开采了，水厂也搬走了。长大后才知道，随着济南的城市扩张，用水量大幅提升，加上无序的开发取水，再赶上那几年大旱，直接造成了趵突泉断流甚至干涸。趵突泉干涸后，大多数的济南人心里都十分不是滋味，不甘心上苍赐予泉城的“家底”就这样悄无声息地消逝。于是，政府和许多有识之士便开始了节水保泉的行动和研究。

1981年6月，中共济南市委和共青团济南市委组织各界青年数百人，义务挖除淤泥清理趵突泉。那个年代，人们的精神面貌非常好，大家都认为义务劳动是应尽的责任。所以一经号召，许多政府部门、事业单位和工矿企业的共青团组织都纷纷响应，在没有施工器械的情况下，工地边上放个水桶，男女青年齐上阵，大家用锨挖，用筐抬，人工吊运污泥，中午自带干粮，用辛勤的汗水为天下第一泉来了个彻底的“净身”。

○趵突泉涌。Baotu Spring is gushing.

○1981年，政府组织青年清理泉池淤泥。In 1981, the government organized the young people to clean up sludge of the spring.

随后的日子里，趵突泉依然断断续续停喷过几次，政府和百姓一直在苦苦探索节水保泉之路。大力倡导全民节水保泉意识，强制关停地下水开采，开展补水回灌，经过不懈努力终于让泉水重回泉城。2003年，趵突泉复涌，而且一喷就是14年，至今没有断流。而济南市政府更通过立法加大了对泉水的保护力度，通过各方努力，相信泉城“家家泉水，户户垂杨”的美丽景色会一直延续下去。

○1988年春拍摄的趵突泉留影，可以清晰看到趵突泉干涸的情景。The picture shot in the spring of 1988 clearly shows the Baotu Spring was drying up.

○2003年趵突泉复喷后，市民在泉畔写生。In 2003, after Baotu Spring gushed again, people sketched beside the spring.

编辑／王雪芃

Spring water is the unique card of Jinan in the world,as well as the soul of Jinan. Jinan has six spring groups, including more than 72 famous springs.Baotu Spring in Baotu Spring Park ranks first among the 72 springs, and is honored as “No. 1 Spring under Heaven”.

When I was young, I always went to Baotu Spring Park to see spring water. At that time, people thought Baotu Spring was an inexhaustible natural underground reservoir. However, with the constant exploitation, Baotu Spring faced drying up. In June, 1981, the CPC Jinan Municipal Committee and Communist Youth League Committee organized hundreds of young volunteers to dig sludge out of Baotu Spring.

After that, the government and the people have explored the way of spring protection. In 2003, Baotu Spring gushed again, and has kept gushing for 14 years.With our effort, we believe that the beautiful scenery of“Spring water bubbles in the courtyard of every family and willows wave in front of very family gate” will continue for ever.

○2010年，外国友人在泉水边游玩嬉戏。In 2010, foreigners had fun beside the spring water.

○2016年国际泉水文化景观城市联盟在济南成立。In 2016, the International Spring Cultural Landscape City Union was established in Jinan.