七选五阅读理解题型解题技巧

（潍坊中学 山东潍坊 261031）

七选五是近几年高考中出现的新题型，有些考生碰到这类题很是头疼，下面我们分析一下命题和文章的特点，化解难点。首先七选五的文章句子之间，段落之间的连贯性和逻辑性很强，只要认真阅读就能发现其中微妙的衔接与呼应，常见的衔接方式有：词汇呼应、逻辑呼应、数字呼应，代词和冠词的呼应。这里面最常见的是词汇的呼应，其中最典型的是代词的呼应。

根据题目设置的位置和考察重点不同，可以把题目分为三类：主旨大意题，语言过渡题，语言注释题。如果空格出现在段首，大部分时候是关于这一段的大意。这时要通读整段再选择能够体现整段意思的句子;如果空格出现在段中，这时要根据空格前后的句子、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案;如果空格出现在段尾，通常是指事情的结尾或者是总结句。

具体方法：

1．通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。

2．详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。

3．定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内

4．通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。

5．确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。

下面我们以2018年高考真题为例具体阐述以上技巧的运用

Color is fundamental in home design – something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 ， color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.

Over the years， there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 ， they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones，the medium ones， and the large ones.

38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows， mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa， small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.

Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas，dinner tables or bookshelves. 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones， and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.

The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls， ceilings，and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint， the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 .

A. While all of them are useful

B. Whatever you’re looking for

C. If you’re experimenting with a color

D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with

E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces

F. So it pays to be sure， because you want to get it right the first time

G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways

36. B. Whatever you’re looking for 与上文的want a room ，looking for a place 形成呼应，属于典型的词汇呼应。

37 A. 语言衔接题all of them 属于代词的呼应，them 代指上文 a number of techniques.

38 D. 主旨大意题。同时起到承上启下的作用，上一段末尾提出了the small ones， the medium ones， and the large ones.本段的关键词是 little spots of color …

39 G in two major ways 与后面 a bigger commitment and a more powerful effect 形成呼应，后句话是对前面的解释。

40 F 段落的末尾 It pays to be sure … 与 the time， effort and relative expense put into it 形成呼应。

七选五阅读理解的文章上下文具有高度的一致性和连贯性，不管空格设置在首，中，还是尾，都能从上下文中找到线索。技巧很重要，在有限时间内读透文章的阅读能力是解决这类题需要具备的最核心能力，所以在学习技巧的同时也要夯实基础，提高阅读能力，这是重中之重。