春风细雨,润物无声
2018-02-18谢琼珍
谢琼珍
【摘要】 在评价学生书面英语作业时,许多教师会用上“right ,wrong, good, excellent”等简明的评价语,鲜有能像语文教师那样,写上自己对学生作业比较具体、明确的看法或意见。教师在评价学生的作业时,往往只看到评语的评价功能,却忽略了评语语言示范功能与交际功能。其实,教师的评语是对学生英语书面表达能力和自主学习能力的评价和指导。它不仅有利于提高学生的英语书面表达能力,而且有利于促进师生相互情感的交流,提高学生自主学习英语的积极性。
【关键词】 英语 作业 评语
【中图分类号】 G633.41 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1992-7711(2018)12-218-01
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下面,我就如何些英语评语谈一些心得与体会。
一、评语应符合学生的认知水平
教师的评语是写给学生看的。所以,评语的内容要使学生能读懂,要切合学生实际,符合学生个性心理的发展。老师在写评语时,所用的词汇和语法知识不能超越学生现有的水平。另外,老师的评语内容还应做到循序渐进,由简到繁,由易到难,由一般到个性化。即使评语中偶尔出现少量生词,学生通过上下文猜测也可以理解,或者通过查词典的方式解决,这对学生也大有益处。例如:希望学生下次作业做得好一些时可用:①I believe you will do better next time. ②Good, please go on like this. Success comes by hard work and constant efforts.对学生表扬可用: ①Well, your handwriting is very good. ② You are an excellent student with a natural gift for languages.
二、评语应及时凸显所学语言知识
评语的内容及时地应用学生学到的一些语法知识、词汇和句型,有助于学生对新知识加深理解和强化记忆,使学生迅速获得知识运用的“成就感”。例如:学了现在完成时态后,可用:①You have done well in your homework and I believe you have tried your best. Keep up your courage!② Great progress has been made with your effort.
学习形容词和副词比较级是可用:①This is the best handwriting I have seen today.The hander you work, the sooner you will improve.② You are one of the best student in our class .I think you will be better next time.
三、用真情感动学生
作业不仅仅是师生间教学信息的反馈,而且也是联系和沟通师生感情的桥梁。通过学生的作业,细心的老师会了解学生的思想和自主学习的情况。同样,从教师的评语中学生也能领悟到老师的真诚、期待和责任心。老师对学生的努力一定要有切合实际的鼓励,对他们取得的成绩和进步,要在评语中体现出发自内心的赞赏和喜悦;对他们作业中的过错和疏忽,要真诚而有恰当地指出;对于成绩落后的学生,要表示同情并予以鼓励。总之,赞扬要恰如其分,批评要适当委婉。例如: ①Although you were late achieving, you have caught up well with your studies.I would like to see you getting fast development of your written and oral skills in English.
②It is the same in studying as in eating. He who does it is not he who sees it done.
③As fire tries gold, so does adversity try courage. Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried, you have made a good start.
④Not only energy, but persistence is necessary to success.
有道是“精诚所至,金石为开”。老实的热情和真诚必然会在一定程度上引起学生的思想转折和学习的飞跃。
四、平等与学生开展评论性讨论
素质教育要求尊重学生的个性、人格和创新精神。在教学中,老师不要动不动就以“长者”的姿态居高临下地对学生指手划脚,总是以教训的语气评头论足,而应以平等的态度与学生开展评论性的讨论,营造一种平等、自由的学习氛围,让学生与教师评语中自由地交流思想,让学生拥有创造性学习的机会和自由,让学生深刻体会到老师不仅是他们的“良师”也是他们的“益友”。例如:
①Time is very important, do you agree with me ? Would you like to tell me your own opinions and your timetable?
②What do you think about this? Is that right, it is only a suggestion. I would like to see your persisting with your opinions if you are right.
五、因材施教,授人以漁
教学中,教师要贯彻素质教育的思想,把学生的综合素质作为衡量“才”的标准,吧传授知识当成为学生多方面发展服务的,是为学生开启潜力、培养思维方式服务的。在写评语时,除了帮助学生提高文化知识外,还应承认学生个体之间能力的差异,因材施教,授人以渔,保护那些成绩落后、处于不利条件下的学生个体的发展。在批改作业时,要温和地指出错误的同时,还要肯定他们的优点以资鼓励。例如:
①Where there is a will, there is a way.
②It is not helps but obstacles that make a man.
③You have given a lot of facts on the whole. That is good. If they had been put in a more logical order, the whole essay would have been cleaner.
④Your answers show you have real ability in course, and you are developing in creasing depth of thought .
当然,写好英语评语的要求远不止以上几点。老师不仅需要提高自己的英语书面表达能力,更重要是深入研究学生的心理特点、思想情绪、个人爱好、课外实践活动、学习习惯以及英语程度等等,以便言之有物,以理服人,因材施教。总之,给学生写评语既是一项艰苦而又有意义的事,又是一门学问,写得好给学生培养和提高书面交际能力带来很大的帮助,其作用不可低估。