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宝岛吹来浙江风

2018-02-05徐继宏

文化交流 2018年2期
关键词:武戏南派京剧团

徐继宏

宝岛台湾一直是我神往的地方。学生时代课本中的日月潭、阿里山……犹如一幅幅木版画,深深铭刻在童年的记忆中。2017年11月4日至11日,笔者随浙江京剧团赴台巡演,耳闻目睹宝岛之秀美,亲情之切意。所到之处,无时无刻不感受到“心相连、一家亲”的浓浓情意,“优秀的传统文化一定是全民族的文化!”台湾之行也让我对国粹京剧这一传统戏曲文化的独特魅力,尤其是中国京剧的“浙京现象”有了新的认识和感悟。

国粹京剧凝聚两岸情

台湾·浙江文化节创办于2007年,目前已成为两岸文化交流的重要品牌。浙江省文化厅副厅长蔡晓春告诉笔者,十年来,浙江、台湾两地通过台湾·浙江文化节互相了解、相互交流、共同发展,取得了丰硕的成果。台湾·浙江文化节也成为浙台两地交流时间最久、辐射层面最广、社会影响最大的文化节庆活动品牌。

此次浙江京剧团是受省文化厅委派,赴台湾南投县参加第十一届台湾·浙江文化节活动,并在南投、台中、台北等地巡演。团长翁国生介绍,浙江京剧团为第十一届台湾·浙江文化节带来的精彩猴戏《齐天大圣美猴王》和京剧大戏《飞虎将军》,都是第一次与台湾观众见面,也是南派武戏第一次在台湾亮相,让人又增添了许多期待。

2017年11月5日上午,第11届台湾·浙江文化节在台湾南投县艺术中心开幕。开幕式上,由“梅花奖”得主翁国生领衔的精彩猴戏节目《齐天大圣美猴王》一亮相,就赢得了现场观众的阵阵喝彩。

当天下午,在南投县文化艺术中心剧场内,浙京南派武戏《飞虎将军》作为本届“浙江文化节”主打节目闪亮登场。京剧《飞虎将军》是浙京连演了近200场的优秀南派武戏,曾获得中国艺术节“文华新剧目奖”“文华表演大奖”,“国家舞台艺术精品工程年度资助剧目奖”、全国戏剧文化奖“原创剧目大奖”等诸多荣誉,是一部既受演出市场青睐,又获专家、观众好评的作品。此次首次赴宝岛台湾巡演,参演台湾·浙江文化节,浙京拿出了这部南派武戏代表作。

浙京这些年虽然频繁地对外交流演出,但是宝岛台湾却是翁国生十几年来第一次带团来巡演。“我们对这次赴台文化交流演出非常重视,专门根据几个剧场的条件,排练了《飞虎将军》的台湾版,希望台湾同胞喜欢。海峡两岸的文化交流非常重要,我们要把祖国的优秀民族文化‘国粹京剧作品不断地送到台湾来献演,让血浓于水的同胞们深切感受到中国戏曲文化的强大和深厚。”翁国生说。

南派武戏《飞虎将军》由翁国生、赵东海、罗戎征、毛懋、毛毅、陈瑞云、黄永、尤志磊等倾情出演,全剧历时两个多小时,不仅展现了浙京精湛的南派武戏翻打出手技巧,而且呈现了深邃复杂的人物心理表演和高亢激昂的南派京剧唱腔。谢幕时,剧场内响起了经久不息的掌声。演出结束后,当地文化官员握住翁国生的手连连夸赞:“好戏!好戏!”“这是一部很有警示教育意义的京剧,浙江艺术家们唱念做打翻,文武兼重,演技底蕴十分深厚。《飞虎将军》有看头。”南投县副县长陈正昇非常激动地说。

海峡两岸文化根脉相连

中华文化是海峡两岸共同的“根”,两岸同胞对祖国的文化瑰宝都有着特殊的感情。10日下午,刚刚装完台的翁国生应邀走进台湾戏曲学院的教室,为该校京剧系的学生们带去一场主题为“传承京剧艺术、创新国粹剧目”的讲座。两个多小时的演讲中,翁国生畅谈京剧艺术的传承与创新,介绍了京剧在浙江的传统、发展和弘扬,获得了听众的热烈回应。翁国生不禁感叹:“此次台湾之行,真切感受到了海峡两岸的文化根脉相连,血浓于水!”

当晚,台北市台湾戏曲学院中正堂剧场坐满了来自台湾各个戏曲团队的专家、同行和热情的台湾戏迷们。台湾戏曲学院的师生们、台湾戏曲学院台湾京昆剧团的演职人员们,还有台湾国光京剧团、新舞台京剧团的一些演员、云门舞集的资深编导,都前来观看浙京的演出。著名美籍华人作家白先勇昆曲新美学创作团队的张淑香教授、郑辛燕主任、服装设计曾永霓也来到了中正堂,她们曾是翁国生团长导演的三本青春版昆曲《牡丹亭》、新版昆曲《玉簪记》的主创合作伙伴。这些新朋好友齐聚中正堂,既是为《飞虎将军》喝彩,也是为翁国生等浙江京剧团的演职人员鼓劲。

笔者发现,在近两个半小时的演出中,现场观众的观剧情绪始终非常热烈,掌声在剧场中此起彼落,观众激动的喝彩声紧紧相伴着浙京演员的激情演出,整个中正堂剧场内的演出气氛真的是火热无比……

台湾戏迷观众林俊雅看了戏后兴奋地说:“没想到浙江京剧这么有特色,南派武戏真是有绝招、有风格、有场面,台湾近阶段已经好久没有看到这么精彩的京剧武戏了。”

台湾戏曲学院的京剧学系主任万裕民教授看了戏后高兴地评价道:“这真是一部拥有深刻人生哲理的南派京剧,文武皆备,唱做俱重。我们台湾戏曲学院的学生们今天都被翁团长的精湛表演、被浙江京剧艺术家的南派武戏表演震住了,好多女学生看到最后一场李存孝被‘五马分尸时都感动得流泪。这种传统和创新相结合的新创京剧真的很吸引年轻的台湾观众。浙京的此次中正堂示范演出非常成功,给予我们京剧教学很好的启示和借鉴。”

台湾大学资深文学教授张淑香博士看了《飞虎将军》后也是非常激动,大赞翁国生团长的唱做和武功,让台湾观众看得过瘾、看得振奋,看得叫好不已。

安排和操作此次《飞虎将军》台湾巡演的台湾文化艺术发展促进会总经理冯志美女士,在戏结束后跑上台激动地拥抱住大汗淋漓的“李存孝”,非常興奋地说:“你们这部新编京剧真的太棒了!南派武戏不仅好看,而且让人回味感悟,这次巡演三个地方的台湾观众都非常喜欢这部戏。我期待能和你们剧团再度合作,专门操作《飞虎将军》在台湾的商业性巡回演出,让更多的台湾观众能看到这部精彩的南派武戏。”

乐止锣停,浙京演员几轮谢幕后,兴奋不已的台湾戏迷和台湾戏曲学院的学生们如潮水般涌上舞台,争先恐后地和浙京演员们合影留念,热情期望浙京带着好戏再度来台演出。台湾观众的热情似火,使得浙京赴台的全体演员顿然忘却了连日来宝岛巡演的路途疲惫!endprint

剧团有好戏才能走向世界

此次浙京台北中正堂《飞虎将军》的成功演出,为本届台湾·浙江文化节画下了一个非常完美的句号。同时,也给浙江京剧的发展创新带来了许多思考。

“一个基层戏曲院团的生存基础就是要有戏、有人、有演出市场。这样才能形成院团发展的良性循环。这其中,出戏是一个剧团发展最重要的关键点。没有戲就没有人才,没有戏就没有演出市场,没有戏就没有剧团的良性运转和生存价值。”翁国生坦言,这几年,浙江京剧团紧紧抓住演出剧目的传承学习和创作排练,狠抓各类演出人才的培养和引进,同时不断开拓新创剧目的营销和商演,走出了一条复兴之路。

翁国生认为,一个剧团的发展延伸还在于不断培养新人、推出新人。近年来,浙江京剧团依托浙江省文化厅“新松计划”人才培养工程,不遗余力地推出了一批青年新秀,如罗戎征、姜艳、毛懋、安丽娜、程佩洁等浙京“五朵京花”,并为她们量身打造新创剧目,三度为“五朵京花”举办京剧旦角表演专场。同时,鼓励一大批青年演员积极参演“浙江省优秀戏曲演员大奖赛”、浙江省戏剧节、第四届“全国少数民族文艺会演”,有多人获得浙江省戏曲大奖赛的“表演金奖”、浙江省戏剧节“优秀表演奖”及全国少数民族文艺会演的“最佳表演奖”和“最佳新人表演奖”。

好的剧目是中国的,也是世界的。在国内叫响浙京品牌的同时,浙江京剧团一直眼睛向外拓展市场。翁国生说,这些年来,浙江京剧团不仅在国内有了一定的知名度,还走出了国门、走到了海外。所到之处,受到了海外侨胞、国际友人的欢迎和喜爱。如实验京剧《王者俄狄》6次走出国门演出,在美国、德国、西班牙、日本、塞浦路斯、土库曼斯坦等国,赢得了域外观众们极大的青睐和好评,在国际戏剧节上荣获金质奖牌。与中国剧协联合排演的海外版《白蛇传》数次出访法国、德国。《国色天香》《美猴王》不仅演到了美国洛杉矶和拉斯维加斯、印度、德国、捷克、罗马尼亚、哈萨克斯坦,还四次赴阿布扎比、沙迦等地演出,好评如潮。

在笔者看来,中国京剧方阵中独特的“浙京现象”,不仅是对中国京剧传承发展的创新,同时对中国戏剧的发展具有一定的启迪意义。

(本文照片由作者提供)

Zhejiang Peking Opera Troupe Visits Taiwan

By Xu Jihong

From November 4 through 11, 2017, Zhejiang Peking Opera Troupe visited Taiwan, an island province of China. I tagged along with the troupe and witnessed how the two provinces were deeply engaged in cultural exchanges. The Taiwan visit enhanced my awareness of the charm of Peking Opera, a theater tradition of China, and made me more sensitive to the unique contribution the provincial troupe has made to the national operas glory.

The visit was part of Taiwan-Zhejiang Cultural Festival, which was founded in 2007. Now the annual event is a key part of cultural exchanges across the Straits. The two provinces have enhanced cultural exchanges and mutual understanding in a bid to pursue growth together over the past the ten years. The exchanges have yielded a broad range of benefits. The festival has become the most influential and broadest reaching cultural event jointly held by the two provinces.

Commissioned by the Zhejiang Administration of Culture, Zhejiang Peking Opera Troupe participated in the 11th festival held at Nantou County in southern Taiwan. After performances in Nantou, the troupe also performed in Taizhong and Taipei.

On the morning of November 5, the 11th Taiwan-Zhejiang Cultural Festival raised curtain at the Nantou Art Center. The troupe from Zhejiang staged the , a new production, at the opening ceremony. In the afternoon, at the theater of the art center, the troupe presented , a Kungfu play of Peking Opera, which the troupe had performed nearly 200 times on the mainland and had won top national excellence awards.endprint

Though Zhejiang Peking Opera Troupe has been busily engaged in exchange programs across the world, it was the first time that Weng Guosheng, director of the troupe, visited the island province. had been especially adapted for the visit for the uttermost entertainment value. The performance lasted over two hours. It not only highlighted loud and boisterous kungfu but also presented the southern style of Peking Opera arias. The audience responded most heartily to the show.

Another highlight of the troupes Taiwan visit occurred on the afternoon of November 10 in Taipei. Weng Guosheng hastily took off costumes and removed paints from his face after a performance in the morning and hurried to Taiwan Theater Academy. Weng gave a lecture to the students of the Peking Opera Department of the academy on the subject of carrying on the tradition of Peking Opera and bringing innovation to the national legacy. In about two hours, he talked about what Zhejiang Peking Opera Troupe had done to make Peking Opera better and more innovative. The students responded warmly. Weng sharply felt the cultural connection and kinship shared by the two sides of the Straits.

On the evening of November 10, the troupe staged at the theater of Taiwan Theater Academy. All the audience members were professionals: theater experts, scholars, theater artists, directors, choreographers from various troupes across Taiwan, and college students studying theater-related majors. The audience wowed at the brilliant performance and thought it was a thrilling success. There were several rounds of curtain calls. Some audience members rushed onto the stage to take photos with the artists.

Ms Feng Zhimei of Taiwan Association for Promoting Culture and Art was the person behind the troupes performances in Taiwan. After the show at the academy, she said she would like to make arrangements for the troupe to stage the show commercially across the island in the future.

The successful visit to Taiwan has provided an insight into the survival and renaissance of Peking Opera in general and Zhejiang Peking Opera Troupe in particular. A troupe which depends upon grassroots market must create a positive cycle. It must have a good repertoire, good artists and a large grassroots paying fan base. Without a good repertoire, there would be no good artists. And no good repertoire means no profits from market. The troupe has been on the right track over the past years simply because it has focused upon creating good performances and pursued best artistic results. It also goes out of its way to acquire talents so as to make a very attractive cast.endprint

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