中国—中东欧国家地方领导人会议·重庆2013首次让“渝新欧”隆重展现在世界外交舞台上

□ 文/本刊记者 曾睿

中国—中东欧国家地方领导人会议·重庆2013首次让“渝新欧”隆重展现在世界外交舞台上

□ 文/本刊记者 曾睿

“中国—中东欧国家地方领导人会议·重庆2013”开幕式。 摄影：李文科

今天，以发端于重庆的“渝新欧”铁路班列为代表的中欧班列，往来于中国与欧洲以及“一带一路”沿线各国，已经成为得到广泛认同的“一带一路”与“亚欧互联互通”的代言词之一。

殊不知，“渝新欧”的快速发展与在重庆召开的一次大型国际会议有着密切的关系。

2013年7月2日至4日，“中国—中东欧国家地方领导人会议·重庆2013”在重庆召开，这次重庆会议规模大、国别多、层次高，是继AAPP会议，亚太城市市长峰会之后重庆举办的又一次大型国际会议，也是对外充分展示重庆直辖以来发展成绩和发展前景的一个重要平台和重要的窗口。罗马尼亚总理蓬塔、马其顿总理格鲁埃夫斯基以及来自中国和中东欧16国的近70个省市代表、中央政府有关部门负责人及企业界人士等共计1000余人与会。

2013年的重庆，在对外开放方面已取得夺目的成就—已成功建设和运行了两江新区、两路寸滩保税港区、西永综保区，重庆市委市政府致力于建设西部的综合交通枢纽，建设内陆的加工贸易新模式。但当时“渝新欧”国际货运班列刚刚开通两年，运输班次、运输价格等重要指标都还在摸索、调整之中，还不时能够听到对“渝新欧”的质疑之声，远没有像今天这样获得充分肯定。但其能够成功运行，还是得到了诸多方面的极大关注。此次中国—中东欧国家地方领导人会议第一次选取在主办国首都以外的城市重庆举行,应该说“渝新欧”增加了重要筹码。

自然，积极推介“渝新欧”、合力打造“渝新欧”就成了本次会议的重要主题之一。在这次会议上，作为“中欧班列”起源的“渝新欧”国际货运班列，被正式介绍给与会的中东欧各国各界人士，让他们首次认识了可以通过“渝新欧”这条大通道，来推动中国和中东欧国家的贸易物流合作，进一步深化中国与欧洲的整体合作，更让全世界看到了起源于中国内陆的这条铁路班列拥有着现实的操作性与无限合作机遇。至此，“渝新欧”真正跨出山城，走向世界。

同时，与会嘉宾也对“渝新欧”这条国际大通道表现出了认知的浓厚兴趣。会议期间，他们参观了“渝新欧”的起点站团结村，听介绍、看走向，纷纷琢磨如何与自己国家联系起来。参会的时任斯洛伐克共和国驻华大使弗兰季谢克·德霍波切克表示：通过“渝新欧”国际铁路货运班列，将极大地缩短重庆与中东欧国家之间货物运送的时间，并带来成本的降低。

正是在这次会议召开后，“渝新欧”得到了快速发展。自2011年“渝新欧”正式开通到2013年累计开行了79班，而在“中国—中东欧国家地方领导人会议·重庆2013”召开之后的2014年，一年之内就开行了130班，是此前3年开行班列的近两倍，这一数字在2016年更是达到了420班。

2014年8月14日，中国铁路总公司在重庆举行了首届中欧班列国内协调会议。来自重庆、成都、郑州、武汉、苏州、义乌等地政府和各地中欧班列平台公司负责人参加了会议。会议颁布了《中欧班列组织管理暂行办法》，签署了《关于建立中欧班列国内运输协调会备忘录》，统一的“中欧班列”雏形初现；2016年6月，中国铁路正式启用中欧班列统一品牌。

2017年5月13日，2017年第1000列中欧班列满载小商品、服装等货物从义乌西站鸣笛驶出。中国铁路总公司统计显示，2017年中欧班列开行数量较去年同期增长158％。

“中国—中东欧国家地方领导人会议·重庆2013”商务主题活动。摄影：李文科

(Photo by Li Wenke)

Today, the China Railway Express represented by “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” International Railway which is originated in Chongqing has been recognized widely as one of the words that could represent the Belt and Road and Asia-Europe Connectivity.The China Railway Express passages to and from China, Europe as well as countries along the Belt and Road.

Little do they know, there is a close relationship between the fast development of “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” and a large international conference held in Chongqing.

From July 2 to 4 in 2013, Chongqing held the fi rst Local Leaders’Meeting of China-CEEC, which was of large scale and high level.Many countries had attended this meeting. LLM of China-CEEC was a large international conference held in Chongqing after the AAPP and the Asian Pacific City Summit. It was also a key platform and window to fully demonstrate the results and future of development since the municipality of Chongqing. This conference was attended by more than 1000 people including Ponta, Prime Minister of Romania, Gruevski, the Macedonian Prime Minister,nearly 70 representatives of provinces and cities from both China and 16 CEECs and principals of relevant departments of the central government and business people.

In 2013, Chongqing had already made brilliant achievements in opening up, which include the construction and operation of Liangjiang New Area,LiangLuCunTan Free Trade Port Area, Xiyong Comprehensive Bonded Area, comprehensive transportation hub in west China built by Chongqing municipal government and the inland construction of new model of processing trade. However, at that time, as “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” International Railway was just launched for only two years,some important indicators like transportation schedules and costs were just under exploration and adjustment. Some doubts could still be heard and not like today, the international railway is fully recognized. Moreover, the successful operation has received great attention from many sides. It is the fi rst time for LLM of China-CEEC to choose a city like Chongqing instead of the capital city of a country due to the Chongqing-based “Chongiqng-Sinkuang-Europe” International Railway.

Naturally, one of the key themes of this conference was to actively promote and coconstruct “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe”. During this conference, “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe”International Railway, as the origin of “China Railway Express”, was formally introduced to the participants from CEECs. They came to know that the trade logistics cooperation between China and CEECs could be promoted and the overall cooperation deepened through this international railway. The whole world saw the practical operability and unlimited opportunities for cooperation owned by this railway originated in inland China. So far,“Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” has truly stepped out of the mountain city and headed to the world.

At the same time, the participants also expressed a strong interest on this international railway. During which, they visited Tuanjie Village, the birthplace of “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe”. Listening to the introduction and thinking about the future development, they were all pondering how to link up their own countries. Mr. Frantisek Hudak, the then Ambassador of the Republic of Slovakia to China said, the “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” International Railway could greatly shorten the transit time from Chongqing to CEECs and bring down the costs.

In fact, “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” has achieved great development after this international conference. Seventy-nine trains had been launched since its of fi cial launch from 2011 to 2013, whereas the number reached 130 after this international conference in 2014, nearly two times the previous 3 years. And this fi gure even reached 420 in 2016.

On August 14, 2014, China Railway held the first domestic cooperation meeting of China Railway Express in Chongqing. Principals from governments of Chongqing, Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Wuhan,Suzhou, Yiwu and etc. and the principals of each platform of China Railway Express had attended the meeting. “Interim measures of organization and management” was issued and “Memorandum on the establishment of a domestic transport coordination committee of China Railway Express”was signed during the meeting. The early prototype of united “China Railway Express” could then be seen; in June 2016, China railway of fi cially launched the uni fi ed brand of China Railway Express.

On May 13, 2017, the 1000th China Railway Express began to pull out of Yiwu West Railway Station fully loaded with small commodities,clothings and so on. The statistics of China Railway show that the number of trains of China Railway Express has soared by 158％ compared to the same time last year.

This International Conference Makes "Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe"Grandly Displayed on the Stage of World Diplomacy for the First Time

□ Article / journalist Zeng Rui

(Photo by Li Wenke)