吉丁科昆虫化石研究概述
2017-06-05俞雅丽金建华
俞雅丽,任 东,金建华,庞 虹*
(1. 生物多样性演化与保护广东普通高校重点实验室,中山大学生物博物馆,中山大学生命科学学院,广州 510275;2. 首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京 100048)
吉丁科昆虫化石研究概述
俞雅丽1,2,任 东2,金建华1,庞 虹1*
(1. 生物多样性演化与保护广东普通高校重点实验室,中山大学生物博物馆,中山大学生命科学学院,广州 510275;2. 首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京 100048)
吉丁科昆虫是鞘翅目中化石记录相当丰富的类群之一。本文回顾了世界吉丁科昆虫化石的研究进展,整理了已发表的化石物种名录、地层分布及地质年代,并简要推测了其与植物的协同演化关系,提出了现今有待解决的问题以及对未来研究的展望。
吉丁科;化石;昆虫;系统分类;研究进展
吉丁科昆虫为小至大型的世界性分布甲虫,体长1.5-100 mm(通常为5-40 mm);体色多样,常为双色,具金属光泽,俗称宝石虫(jewel beetles)。吉丁幼虫大多蛀食植物木质部,也有部分种类蛀食茎或根,或潜食于树叶中;成虫喜光,绝大多数取食叶片或花粉和花蜜(Bellamy & Volkovitsh, 2001;Bellamy, 2002)。近些年,吉丁科昆虫的分类受到了很大的关注,但是在不同学者中观点差别较大(Bruesetal., 1954;Bíl, 1974;Cobos, 1980;Holynski, 1993;Kolibcˇ, 2001;Bellamy, 2002)。Bellamy(2008,2009)认为Schizopodidae是独立的一个科,进而将吉丁科划分为6个现生亚科:窄吉丁亚科Agrilinae、吉丁亚科Buprestinae、Chrysochroinae、凹缘吉丁亚科Galbellinae、土吉丁亚科Julodinae、筒吉丁亚科Polycestinae以及一个灭绝亚科——似盾吉丁亚科Parathyreinae,这也是目前接受度相对较高的分类系统。
吉丁科昆虫在中生代时期完成了早期分化,并一直生活至今。但由于吉丁科化石研究相当零散并且大多局限于基本的分类鉴定,致使对其早期的起源与演化过程、繁殖方式、生态习性等诸多方面知之甚少。因此研究吉丁科昆虫化石不仅对阐明该类群的化石鉴定标准、系统发育关系、多样性分布规律以及其与植物的协同进化关系等具有重要的意义,而且对于探究不同地质时期古地理、古气候、地球演变、生物进化等具有重要的价值。本文拟就吉丁科昆虫化石的研究现状和存在问题加以综述。
1 吉丁科昆虫化石的研究历史
1.1 世界吉丁科昆虫化石的研究历史
从晚三叠世到中新世,全世界吉丁科昆虫化石大约记录了47个属92个种(Bellamy, 2014;Kirejtshuk & Ponomarenko, 2017)(表1)。虽然吉丁科的化石记录相对丰富,但是专注于研究吉丁科化石的学者寥寥无几。世界吉丁科化石研究起步较晚,直到19世纪初才有报道。Serres(1829)报道了法国早渐新世地层中发现的Buprestissp.,从而揭开了吉丁科化石研究的帷幕。
19世纪中叶至20世纪初期,吉丁科化石的研究报道越来越多,许多吉丁化石被发现并命名。Tillyard & Dunstan(1923)描述了澳大利亚晚三叠世地层中的吉丁化石1新属3新种,为世界上最古老的吉丁虫科化石记录。此外Cockerell,Giebel,Handlirsch,Heer,Scudder,Wickham等一批学者均对吉丁化石进行过研究,可谓吉丁化石研究的一个小高潮。但是研究所涉及的化石产地大多在欧洲和美国,并且由于当时认知的局限性导致许多被命名的化石在之后的研究中多有修订;有些化石甚至连基本的形态描述也缺乏,这给之后的系统分类学研究造成了很大的不便和困惑。
20世纪中叶至今,涉及吉丁科化石的研究工作并不广泛。尤其是20世纪中叶,研究吉丁化石的学者屈指可数。在近代,吉丁化石研究的代表人物是Alexeev(1995,1996,2000,2008,2009)。他描述了大量的新种,但是他建立的灭绝亚科——似盾吉丁亚科缺乏系统发育学的检测,仍需要漫长的验证和修正工作。
表1 世界吉丁科昆虫化石名录
续上表
亚科Subfamily种名Species产地Locality地质年代GeologicalageBuprestitesxylographicaGiebel,1852GermanyLateOligoceneCretothyreaoptandaAlexeev,1996RussiaEarlyCretaceousEolamprabrachyelytraZhang,1989ChinaMioceneEolampragorgiaZhang,Sun&Zhang,1994ChinaMioceneEolampraspecialisZhang,1989ChinaMioceneFuessliniaamoenaHeer,1847GermanyLateMioceneGlaphyropterainsignisHandlirsch,1908SwitzerlandJurassicJurabuprestiskaratauensisAlexeev,2000KazakhstanLateJurassicKzylordyniaobscuraAlexeev,1995KazakhstanMid⁃CretaceousLomatushislopiMurray,1860IndiaTertiaryIllolampraampullaZhang,Sun&Zhang,1994ChinaMioceneIllolampraphlegmaZhang,Sun&Zhang,1994ChinaMioceneMacrotonustuanwangensisHong&Wang,1990ChinaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumarkharenseAlexeev,1996RussiaPaleoceneMetabuprestiumbayssenseAlexeev,1995RussiaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumbontsaganenseAlexeev,1995MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumcretaceumAlexeev,1995MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumcuneomaculatumAlexeev,1996RussiaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumdundulenseAlexeev,1995MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumfurcatorugosumAlexeev,1996RussiaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumgranulipenneAlexeev,1995MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumichbogdenseAlexeev,2009MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumlatipenneAlexeev,1996RussiaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumminutumAlexeev,1995MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumnobileAlexeev,1995MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumovaleAlexeev,1995KazakhstanEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumoyunchaienseAlexeev,2000RussiaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumshartologoienseAlexeev,1995MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumsibericumAlexeev,2009RussiaEarlyCretaceousMetabuprestiumustkivdenseAlexeev,2008RussiaPaleoceneMetabuprestiumvitimenseAlexeev,1996RussiaEarlyCretaceousMicranthaxiaredivivaHeer,1865GermanyTertiaryPhilanthaxoidesgallicusBíl&Kirejtschuk,2007FranceEocenePoecilonotanitelaZhang,1989ChinaMioceneProtogeniaescheriHeer,1847GermanyLateMiocenePseudothyreaoppenheimiHandlirsch,1908GermanyLateJurassicTrapezitergumgrandeYuetal,2013ChinaEarlyCretaceousJulodinaeMicrojulodisauratusHaupt,1950GermanyEoceneParathyrein⁃aeAcmaeoderimorphaemersaAlexeev,1996RussiaEarlyCretaceous
续上表
亚科Subfamily种名Species产地Locality地质年代GeologicalageAcmaeoderimorphaignotaAlexeev,1993KazakhstanLateJurassicAncestrimorphavolgensisAlexeev,1993RussiaMiddleJurassicCretocrassisomaindistinctumAlexeev,2000MongoliaEarlyCretaceousCretoelegantellaponomarenkoiAlexeev,2000MongoliaEarlyCretaceousDicercopteralongipennisAlexeev,1993MongoliaEarlyCretaceousKaratausiamaculateAlexeev,1993KazakhstanLateJurassicMongoligenacurtaAlexeev,1993MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMongoligenapopoviAlexeev,1993MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMongoligenavulgateAlexeev,1993MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMongolobuprestisgratiosusAlexeev,1993MongoliaEarlyCretaceousPaleasmaculipennisAlexeev,1993MongoliaEarlyCretaceousParamongoligenatransversicollisAlexeev,1993MongoliaEarlyCretaceousParathyreajurassicaAlexeev,1993KazakhstanLateJurassicPseudochrysobothrisballaeAlexeev,1993SpainEarlyCretaceousPseudomongoligenaschinkhudukenseAlexeev,2000MongoliaEarlyCretaceousStigmoderimorpharasnitsyniAlexeev,1993MongoliaEarlyCretaceousUmeratamirabilisAlexeev,1993MongoliaEarlyCretaceousPolycestinaeMongoligenulaaltilabdominisYuetal,2015ChinaEarlyCretaceousMongoligenulagracilisYuetal,2015ChinaEarlyCretaceousIncertaesedisAcmaeoderaspScudder,1895GermanyLateMioceneAgrilusspBerendt,1845BalticEarlyOligoceneAgrilusspScudder,1895GermanyLateOligoceneAgrilusspWestwood,1854GreatBritainLateOligoceneArchelatermajorPongrácz,1935GermanyEoceneBuprestisspGoldfuss,1831GermanyLateOligoceneBuprestisspRobert,1838BalticEarlyOligoceneBuprestisspScudder,1895GermanyLateMioceneBuprestisspSerres,1829FranceEarlyOligoceneCapnodisspScudder,1895GermanyLateOligoceneLobitesgranulateTillyard&Dunstan,1923AustraliaLateTriassicLobitestrivittataTillyard&Dunstan,1923AustraliaLateTriassicLobitestuberculataTillyard&Dunstan,1923AustraliaLateTriassicMesohelophorusmongolicusPonomarenko,1986MongoliaEarlyCretaceousMesostigmoderatypicaEtheridge&Olliff,1890AustraliaTriassicMesostigmoderafrenguelliGallego&Martins⁃Neto,1999ArgentinaTriassicPerotisspScudder,1895GermanyLateMiocene
注:表中分类位置大多以原作者发表文章时所确定的分类位置为准。表2同。Note: The systematic positions of fossil buprestids in the table are mainly based on the description in original papers. Same to Table 2.
1.2 中国吉丁科昆虫化石的研究历史
我国吉丁科化石最早开始于张俊峰先生1989年对山东省山旺中新世的化石研究,建立了吉丁科化石3新属3新种:AgriluscorrugatusZhang, 1989,EolamprabrachyelytraZhang, 1989,PoecilonotanitelaZhang, 1989(张俊峰,1989)。之后,洪友崇先生(1990)、张俊峰先生(1994)、Pan(2011)、Yu(2013,2015)等先后对中国境内的吉丁化石进行过研究,共发表吉丁科化石 7属11种(张俊峰,1989,1994;洪友崇和王文利,1990;Panetal.,2011;Yuetal.,2013,2015)(表2)。其中Pan等(2012)报道了采自中侏罗世九龙山组的中国最早的吉丁科化石1新属3新种(图1),但随后Cai等(2015)基于化石上大的三角形径室将SinoparathyreaPanetal.,2011归为与吉丁科密切相关但更为原始的Schizopodidae科。
2 吉丁科化石的地理分布
2.1 世界吉丁科化石的地理分布
吉丁科昆虫化石相对丰富,以下按地质时期先后顺序对世界吉丁科昆虫化石的地理分布作简要介绍(图 2)。
中生代(Mesozoic)
中生代吉丁科化石记录包括大约28个属51个种(Etheridge & Olliff, 1890;Handlirsch, 1908;Tillyard & Dunstan, 1923;Ponomarenko, 1986;洪友崇和王文利,1990;Alexeev, 1993,1995,1996;Gallego & Martins-Neto, 1999;Alexeev, 2000;Bellamy, 2005;Alexeev, 2008,2009;Fikcˇeketal., 2012;Yuetal., 2013,2015)。其化石产地主要分布在中国、蒙古、哈萨克斯坦、俄罗斯雅库特地区、澳大利亚等地。
三叠纪(Triassic):早三叠世时期,昆虫化石记录很少,但是到了晚三叠世,大约有20个科250个种出现(岳艳丽,2011)。迄今最古老的吉丁化石采自晚三叠世地层(Etheridge & Olliff, 1890;Tillyard & Dunstan, 1923;Gallego & Martins-Neto, 1999;Bellamy, 2005),距今约有2.25-2.3亿年。但这些描述仅仅是基于分离的鞘翅,不具备该科的任何鉴定特征,因此对其分类位置是存疑的。
图1 Sinoparathyrea Pan, Chang & Ren, 2011的模式种照片(引自Pan et al., 2011)Fig. 1 Type species of Sinoparathyrea Pan, Chang & Ren, 2011 (photographs updated from Pan et al., 2011)注:A,Sinoparathyrea bimaculata Pan, Chang & Ren, 2011,标本号CNU-COL-NN2010408;B,鞘翅;C,头;D,中胸和后胸。Note: A, Sinoparathyrea bimaculata Pan, Chang & Ren, 2011, No. CNU-COL-NN2010408; B, elytron; C, head; D, mesothorax and metathorax.
亚科Subfamily种名Species产地Locality地质年代GeologicalageAgrilinaeAgriluscorrugatusZhang,1989ChinaMioceneBuprestinaeEolamprabrachyelytraZhang,1989ChinaMioceneEolampragorgiaZhang,Sun&Zhang,1994ChinaMioceneEolampraspecialisZhang,1989ChinaMioceneIllolampraampullaZhang,Sun&Zhang,1994ChinaMioceneIllolampraphlegmaZhang,Sun&Zhang,1994ChinaMioceneMacrotonustuanwangensisHong&Wang,1990ChinaEarlyCretaceousPoecilonotanitelaZhang,1989ChinaMioceneTrapezitergumgrandeYuetal,2013ChinaEarlyCretaceousPolycestinaeMongoligenulaaltilabdominisYuetal,2015ChinaEarlyCretaceousMongoligenulagracilisYuetal,2015ChinaEarlyCretaceous
图2 吉丁科昆虫在各主要地质历史时期的世界地理分布(©Ronald Blakey, www.australianmuseum.net.au)Fig.2 The distribution of jewel beetles (Buprestidae) through deep geological time注:A,三叠纪;B,侏罗纪;C,白垩纪;D,古近纪。Note: A, Triassic; B, Jurassic; C, Cretaceous; D, Paleogene.
侏罗纪(Jurassic):最早描述的侏罗纪吉丁为采自瑞士和德国晚侏罗世的Glaphyropterainsignis和Pseudothyreaoppenheimi(Handlirsch, 1908),归为吉丁亚科。除此之外,其余采自侏罗纪时期的吉丁化石均归为灭绝亚科——似盾吉丁亚科。
近些年,通过全面的分子系统学分析(Huntetal., 2007;Mckenna & Farrell, 2009),鞘翅目的主要支系分化时间已经被估算,吉丁科的起源时间可追溯到174.9 Ma,即早侏罗世—中侏罗世的过渡时期。从中侏罗世开始,吉丁化石记录几乎在每个时代都有发现。
白垩纪(Cretaceous):在这个时期吉丁科中出现了吉丁亚科和筒吉丁亚科两个现生亚科,分布范围也更加广泛,中国、蒙古、哈萨克斯坦、俄罗斯雅库特等地均有发现。
新生代(Cenozoic)
第三纪(Tertiary):已报道的吉丁化石年代半数为第三纪,这一时期化石分布广泛,尤其以欧洲吉丁化石数量居多。但是由于报道的第三纪化石大多为19至20世纪初期的学者所命名描述,存在信息不详等问题。
第四纪(Quaternary):至今未有该时期的吉丁化石被正式描述报道。
2.2 中国吉丁科化石的地理分布
吉丁科化石在中国的产地主要为内蒙古东部、辽宁西部、山东等地;中生代吉丁科化石的研究多数集中在中侏罗世和早白垩世时期,新生代吉丁科化石的研究集中在中新世时期(潘晓雄,2012)。
这其中当以中国东北地区的化石为代表,该地区中生代陆相生物地层十分发育,产出了丰富的甲虫化石(Jiaetal., 2011;Yueetal., 2011;Yanetal., 2012)。目前,中国已发现的吉丁科昆虫化石主要来自于道虎沟生物群(隶属于燕辽生物群)和热河生物群。道虎沟生物化石于21世纪初被报道,最初其地质年代存在巨大争议。汪筱林(2000),王原(2000)等认为该化石层的时代为早白垩世,张俊峰(2002)等提出其属于晚侏罗世,但多数学者认为道虎沟化石层属于中侏罗世(任东等,2002;陈文等,2004;柳永清等,2004;Huangetal., 2006;Sullivanetal., 2014),其地质年龄约为165 Ma。热河生物群中重要的特异埋藏化石产出层位为义县组,其层位划分与对比、剖面描述等方面研究较为深入与透彻,目前绝大多数学者在时代归属问题上观点一致,认为该化石层属于早白垩世(Swisheretal., 1999;Li and Batten, 2007;Zhuetal.,2007),绝对地质年龄约为125 Ma。
3 早期吉丁科昆虫与植物的相互关系推测
昆虫与植物的相互关系包括昆虫取食植物、植物为昆虫提供栖息的环境、植物利用昆虫传粉、散布种子以及植物对昆虫的防御、引诱等多个方面(钦俊德,1987),甲虫亦如此。
现生的吉丁科昆虫大多具明亮的彩虹色或深色的图案或不规则的有色斑纹(Bellamy, 2002),是常见的访花者。近年来报道的义县组吉丁科新属Trapezitergum(图3)和Mongoligenula(图 4)的鞘翅上均具有不规则的斑纹,加之所处地层含有丰富的植物化石(Sunetal., 1998;Sunetal., 2002;Jietal., 2004;Wangetal., 2012),推测早期吉丁科昆虫可能是早白垩世访花甲虫中的一员,只是在当时访被子植物的花是相当有限的。
图3 Trapezitergum grande Yu et al., 2013(照片引自Yu et al., 2013,比例尺=5 mm)Fig.3 Trapezitergum grande Yu et al., 2013 (photograph updated from Yu et al., 2013, scale bars=5mm)
图4 Mongoligenula altilabdominis Yu et al., 2015(照片引自Yu et al., 2015,比例尺=1 mm)Fig.4 Mongoligenula altilabdominis Yu et al., 2015 (Photograph updated from Yu et al., 2015, scale bars=1 mm)注:A-B,正模;C-D,副模。Note: A-B, holotype; C-D, paratype.
此外,Ding等(2014)在义县组的阔叶松柏类植物上发现了一种新的植物损伤遗迹FossafoliaoffaeDing, Labandeira & Ren, ichnosp. 2014,该潜道形态与现生吉丁甲科潜叶者的潜道形态最接近,尤其是排泄物排列方式。因此推测,吉丁科昆虫是F.offae最可能的制造者。此外,根据发现的潜道宽度,Ding等(2014)认为该潜叶者的成虫体宽应该不大于2 mm,体长不超过10 mm。义县组发现的MongoligenulaaltilabdominisYuetal., 2015和M.gracilisYuetal., 2015虫体宽小于2 mm,长为4-5 mm(Yuetal., 2015),很可能就是F.offae的制造者(Dingetal., 2014)。
4 吉丁科昆虫化石研究中存在的问题与展望
4.1 吉丁科昆虫化石研究中存在的问题
(1)分类系统不稳定。吉丁科虽然为鞘翅目中最大的科之一,全世界包括大约50个族,520个属以及超过15000种(Bellamy, 2002, 2008, 2009)。但对于如此多样和重要的类群,却没有普遍接受的高级阶元的系统发育关系研究,公认的亚科数也从4个到15个不等(Cobos, 1980;Holynski, 1993)。由于一直没有一个广泛认可的分类系统,不同学者提出的吉丁科分类系统所包括的亚科、族不同,使得吉丁科的亚科级分类系统比较混乱,争议较大,给我们的分类工作带来了很大困难。
(2)现生分类鉴定的方法难以完全应用到化石分类中。现生吉丁科建立新属时,分类学家通常考虑一些明显且关键的特征,如后足基节片的形状,中-后胸腹板的结构,跗节上爪垫的分布,触角感受器的分布,小盾片的可见性,复眼的形状,生殖器的形态等。然而,由于化石保存的不完整性,很难甚至不可能将同样的特征用于对吉丁化石的鉴定,因为很多特征在不完整的标本中未保存或者不可见。
(3)鉴于化石保存的局限性和分类学者的主观性,增加了同物异名的几率并导致分类鉴定一定程度上的不准确。吉丁科中的化石种大多是相对小或中等体型的甲虫,归为灭绝亚科Parathyreinae Alekseev(1993),鉴别特征为具有一条直的或弱弯曲的后胸腹板横缝,但该特征从未经过系统发育学的检测。极少有侏罗纪和早白垩世的吉丁被归为现生吉丁亚科,这些化石通常是基于身体的片段或者分离的鞘翅而被归为Buprestidaeincertaesedis,如AndhkhdukiaAlexeev(2008)和MetabuprestiumAlexeev(1995, 1996, 2000, 2008)。
(4)早期国际交流合作较少,使得产生了许多异物同名的问题。如:CrassisomaAlexeev 与CrassisomaAlessandrini是异物同名,后被重新命名为CretocrassisomaAlexeev, 2000 nom. nov。ElegantellaAlexeev与ElegantellaPchelintsev(腹足纲)是异物同名,后被重新命名为CretoelegantellaAlexeev, 2000 nom. nov。DicercomorphaAlexeev与DicercomorphaDeyrolle 是异物同名,后被重新命名为DicercopteraAlexeev, 1993 nom. nov。
(5)已报道的部分化石种类描述较粗糙、照片不清晰、线条图不准确,使得后来学者很难进行更加深入的研究,也增加了修订工作。吉丁科化石多次存在属的变更情况,举例如下:ChrysobothrisballaeWhalley & Jarzembowski, 1985后被归为PseudochrysobothrisAlexeev, 1993属中。BuprestitesalutaceaGiebel, 1852被Germar(1837)归为Buprestis属,后被Giebel(1852)归为Buprestites属,被Handlirsch(1908)归为Buprestites属。BuprestitescarbonumGiebel, 1852被Germar(1837)归为Buprestis属,后被Heer(1847)归为Dicerca属,被Giebel(1852)归为Buprestites属。BuprestitesxylographicaGiebel, 1852被Germar(1849)归为Buprestis属,后被Giebel(1852)归为Buprestites属,被Giebel(1856)归为Chrysobothris属,被Handlirsch(1908)归为Buprestites属。
(6)客观上各国地层发育程度不同,主观上不同国家的研究投入也不同,致使化石分类研究不均衡,这也是造成现生和古生吉丁科昆虫分布格局有着明显差异的原因之一。研究现生甲虫的专家很多,但从事鞘翅目化石研究的学者却相对较少,致使化石研究相当零散。
(7)现有的吉丁科昆虫化石研究绝大多数局限于基本的分类鉴定,有关系统发育关系、古生态、古地理、古气候等方面的研究十分有限。
4.2 中国吉丁科昆虫化石研究展望
中国吉丁科化石丰富,但因研究起步较晚,基础比较薄弱,在未来需要拓宽研究对象,深入研究方向,从而走出目前较为狭窄的局面。(1)目前仍有大量的化石种类有待研究,需要在已有吉丁科昆虫化石材料基础上对我国代表性地区尤其是中国东北地区(如辽宁凌源地区、朝阳地区、北票地区,内蒙古宁城地区等)进行系统的补充采集,尽可能丰富研究材料。并在修复整理的基础上进行大量详细的基础分类工作,厘清我国不同地层中吉丁科昆虫的种类分布规律。(2)吉丁科昆虫的系统发育关系存在争议,因此明确化石类群的系统位置、以及与现生类群的系统关系将是一个亟待解决的问题。基于丰富的化石材料,并结合现生标本,依据形态学数据及分子学数据进行全证据系统发育分析,将有望构建出理想的系统发育树。(3)吉丁科昆虫与植物的关系密切,在整理吉丁科化石的同时统计整理同时期其它伴生植物化石资料,探寻吉丁科昆虫与植物的协同演化关系,结合地质学、古地理和古气候等相关知识,将有助于再现当时的生态环境。
综上所述,目前吉丁科昆虫化石的研究仍有大量发展的空间,鉴定描述了一些新属种,丰富了这一类群,但研究工作中还存在很多问题。随着今后新技术、新方法的不断运用,吉丁科昆虫化石的研究工作必定会稳步向前推进。
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A brief review of fossil Buprestidae (Coleoptera)
YU Ya-Li1, 2, REN Dong2, JIN Jian-Hua1, PANG Hong1*
(1. Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; 2. Capital Normal University, School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100048, China)
The family Buprestidae is a large beetle group with an extensive fossil record among all Coleoptera. The research progress of fossil Buprestidae is reviewed herein. The distribution and geological age of all known fossil Buprestidae are given and summarized, and the coevolution between buprestids and plants are speculated. Furthermore, we suggest that the current obstacles need to be tackled, and propose outlooks for future research.
Buprestidae; fossil; insect; taxonomy; research progress
国家科技基础条件平台工作重点项目(2005DKA21402);国家标本平台教学标本子平台;中国博士后科学基金(2015M580750)
俞雅丽,女,1988年生,博士后,研究方向为昆虫分类与系统进化,E-mail: yuyali2934@126.com
*通讯作者Author for correspondence,E-mail: lsshpang@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Received: 2017-02-28;接受日期Accepted: 2017-03-19
Q961
A
1674-0858(2017)02-0291-11
俞雅丽,任东,金建华,等.吉丁科昆虫化石研究概述[J].环境昆虫学报,2017,39(2):291-301.