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看BBC英剧《马丁?翟述伟》学地道口语表达

2017-06-01米鹿

新东方英语 2017年6期
关键词:旅馆表哥形容

英剧《马丁·翟述伟》(Martin Chuzzlewit)是一部由BBC拍摄的经典迷你剧,共六集,改编自英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯的同名小说。对于狄更斯的作品,读者熟悉的是《大卫·科波菲尔》(David Copperfield)、《雾都孤儿》(Oliver Twist)等,对《马丁·翟述伟》可能比较陌生。这是一部以遗产觊觎和纷争为主要线索和中心内容的小说,内容深刻且幽默感十足,可谓是描述人性伪善、家庭恩怨及人性贪婪的巨著。在改编的迷你剧中,演员阵容强大,表演到位,惟妙惟肖地呈现出老年富翁Martin Chuzzlewit (下称Martin Senior)的家族成员为了继承其庞大遗产无所不用其极的丑态。

故事以Martin Senior在一次外出旅行突发疾病开始。生病后,Martin Senior打算对自己的财产做出相应安排。Chuzzlewit家族的一些势利亲戚得知他身体抱恙后,纷纷从四面八方赶到他身边,表现出对他的关心并希望留下好印象,好让他在遗嘱中留一份财产给自己。这些亲戚中的代表人物当属Martin Senior的表弟Seth Pecksniff了。为拉近与表哥的关系,Pecksniff早在Matin Senior生病前就邀请表哥的孙子Young Martin去他家里当学徒,跟随他学习建筑,意在撮合Young Martin和自己的女儿订婚。后来,Martin Senior因误会而与孙子发生激烈的争吵,一气之下表示不再与孙子来往,也不会把任何财产留给他。此时,Pecksniff为讨好Martin Senior,立马把Young Martin赶出了他的家门。后来,Pecksniff又热情邀请表哥Martin Senior去他家养病。在此期間,Pecksniff的仆人和学徒都从不同方面向Martin Senior揭露了Pecksniff的伪善面目。Martin Senior也意识到自己与孙子间存在误会。最终,爷孙俩消除误会,和好如初,Martin Senior的财产当然是留给孙子的,其他人瞎忙一场。整部剧情节紧凑,人物形象生动。

值得一提的是,这部剧忠实于原著,最大程度地还原了原著中的场面和台词,不仅让英语爱好者从视觉上欣赏了英国乡村和城市的风貌以及生动形象的人物表演,也让大家对英国民众日常表达有所了解,对话中一些简洁、地道的表达至今仍在使用。本文笔者就截取剧中的部分台词,跟大家分析其中的地道表达。

场景1

富翁Martin Senior和养女Mary Graham一起外出旅行时,Martin Senior突感身体不适。他们赶紧找附近的旅馆暂时住下。Mary正好随身携带了Martin Senior平时要吃的药片,及时让他服用。此时,旅馆的女主人Mrs. Lupin听说有客人生病,急忙赶来。她很好奇Mary和Martin Senior的关系。Mary很坦率地告诉她,自己和Martin Senior没有血缘关系,也不是夫妻。

Mrs. Lupin: Have you seen your grandpapa like this before, miss?

Mary: Many times. But hes not my grandfather.

Mrs. Lupin: Father, I should have said.

Mary: Hes not my father or my uncle or my husband. We are not related.

Mrs. Lupin: Oh. What a Providence (天意) that you have the medicine.

地道用法分析

“We are not related”可译为“我和他没有血缘关系”。平时我们遇到的related,多是当“有关的,相关的”讲,而在这句话里,related的意思是“有亲戚关系的,有亲缘关系的,属同一家族的”。例如:He is related to her by marriage. (他与她是姻亲。)

场景2

Martin Senior因身体不适在旅馆休息时, Mary和旅馆女主人Mrs. Lupin一起在房间里照顾他。Martin Senior执意要坐起来,他让Mary递给自己笔和纸,好及时写下一些东西(立遗嘱)。Mary和Mrs. Lupin劝他先好好卧床休息。Martin Senior嫌Mrs. Lupin多管闲事,就用“You do your errand; you earn your fee”来打发她。

Martin Senior: And what business is it of yours, maam?

Mrs. Lupin: No business, Sir. Cept common sense and Christian charity. I want to see you get better.

Martin Senior: Very solicitous (关切的). But you begin too soon. You do your errand; you earn your fee.

地道用法分析

“You do your errand; you earn your fee”表示“你干你的差事;你赚你的钱”。其中errand一词表示“(短程的)差事”或“差使(比如送信、取货或送货等)”。例如:I have come on a special errand. (我是专程来办一件差事的。)与其相关的习语有an errand of mercy,意思是“救难扶困之举,雪中送炭”。对话中cept这个词可能有读者不认识,其实它是口语中except的缩写形式,当“除了,除……之外”讲。

场景3

旅馆女主人Mrs. Lupin看到有生病的客人住进来,不知该如何处理,派人去请有学问的Pecksniff,寻求他的帮助。Pecksniff来到旅馆,认出了床上的病人是表哥Martin Senior,便想表达对他的关心。此时Martin Senior也认出了Pecksniff,但他心里很清楚Chuzzlewit家族一些亲戚包括Pecksniff的嘴脸,他们所做的一切都是为了钱财。因此,他只愿把Pecksniff当成陌生人对待。

Martin Senior: No one loves me for myself, only for what they hope to get out of me.

Pecksniff: Mr. Chuzzlewit, I … I can assume …

Martin Senior: I thought we were strangers? Hear me out. For years, I have been pestered (纠缠) by a horde of avaricious (贪婪的) relatives, all clamoring for my attention and all staking a claim on my estate.

地道用法分析

Hear sb. out是固定搭配,表示把某人要讲的话听完。例如:I know you dont believe her but please hear her out! (我知道你不相信她说的话,但是請听她把话说完。)对话中的stake a claim是习惯用语,意思是“提出拥有权,坚持要求”。例如:He marked the spot on his map where he had seen the gold and returned later that month to stake his claim. (他在地图上标出了见到金子的地方,然后在当月晚些时候回来宣布对此地拥有所有权。)

场景4

Martin Senior在下榻旅馆生病的消息很快就传遍了Chuzzlewit家族。该家族的各路亲戚从四面八方赶到旅馆。Montague Tigg是Chuzzlewit家族某成员的朋友,他特意提醒Pecksniff要提防Martin Senior的养女Mary。因为Montague揣测Mary意图图谋Martin Senior的财产。

Montague: Meanwhile he (指Martin Senior) is pouring his confidence into the bosom of a stranger (暗指Mary).

Pecksniff: You refer to his paid companion and nurse, I presume?

Montague: Companion and nurse? She (指Mary) has her eyes on the main chance.

地道用法分析

“She has her eyes on the main chance”可译为“她想图谋私利”。其中have an eye on the main chance是习惯用语,表示“利用处境寻找个人获利的机会,特别是财务方面的”。例如:She was someone who had an eye on the main chance and who never missed an opportunity to exploit others. (她就是那种图谋私利并利用一切机会剥削别人的人。)

场景5

Pecksniff的学徒John Westlock自17岁时就到Pecksniff家跟他学习建筑,共学了五年。但John发现,Pecksniff除了收取他500英镑的学费以及每年70英镑的食宿费之外,并没有教给他任何有用的技能。因此,John决定不再跟随Pecksniff学习。在离开Pecksniff家之前,出于礼貌,他和Pecksniff告别。Pecksniff虚伪地表示自己原谅了John对自己的指责。于是John用“I wronged you?”这个反问句来讽刺Pecksniff的虚伪并揭露他如何敛财。

John: As for your forgiveness, I will not have it upon such terms.

Pecksniff: But you must. You have no choice. I forgave you even though you wronged me with your reproaches.

John: I wronged you? Heres a pretty fellow! What about the five hundred pounds you had from me for teaching me nothing. Or the seventy pounds a year for board and lodging which would have been dear (昂贵的) at seventeen?

地道用法分析

“I wronged you?”表示“我冤枉你了吗?”Wrong作动词时,表示“不公正地判断、冤枉某人”。例如:Even if you feel someone has wronged you, no one is going to give you anything for free. (即使你认为有人冤枉你,没有人会无偿给你任何东西。)

场景6

Pecksniff早在Martin Senior生病前就在盘算怎么与他拉近关系。他的办法是邀请Martin Senior的孙子Young Martin来家里当学徒。在Young Martin还未住进Pecksniff家时,Pecksniff与两个女儿Charity和Mercy在客厅闲聊此事。两个女孩非常关心Young Martin的外表如何。Pecksniff用well-looking一词来描述Young Martin的帅气外表。

Mercy: Is he handsome, Papa?

Charity: Oh, silly Mercy! …

Pecksniff: … He is well-looking enough.

地道用法分析

Well-looking一般用来形容一个人的外貌有吸引力,当“好看的,漂亮的”讲。但这个单词并不仅仅用来形容女性面容姣好,也可以形容男性外表英俊,本文中就是用来形容男性。英国知名作家简.奥斯汀在她的小说《曼斯菲尔德庄园》(Mansfield Park)中,也曾写道:“They were a remarkably fine family, the sons very well-looking …”(他们是有名的富贵之家,儿子们非常英俊……)

场景7

Pecksniff安排家里的仆人Tom Pinch去镇上接Young Martin来家里。当Young Martin到达时,Pecksniff和他寒暄,问他仆人Tom对他如何。Young Martin表示自己和Tom相处得很愉快。

Pecksniff: And how has our friend (指Tom Pinch) here been using you, Martin?

Young Martin: Very well indeed, Sir. We are on the very best of terms.

地道用法分析

“We are on the very best of terms”可译为“我们相处得很好。”句中的be on the very best of terms是固定搭配,形容人与人之间的关系,表示“相处非常好,关系非常好”。例如:I know were not exactly on the very best of terms given that you hate me and all. (我知道我们俩的关系并不好,因为你恨我的一切。)其他和term相关的习语还有in terms of (在……方面)、in no uncertain terms (毫不含糊地)、in strong terms (用強烈的措词)、on equal terms (平等地)等。

作者简介

米鹿,英语老师,持上海市高级口译证书,喜欢推广英语在实际日常生活中的运用。

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