全球大地测量基准动态修正与服务

成英燕++曾安敏++张鹏++吕志平++魏娜

摘 要：目标是建立高精度的全球动态地心坐标参考框架，形成我国独立自主的全球大地测量基准动态修正与服务体系，以满足国家经济建设、国防建设、科学研究以及测绘行业现代化对高精度动态基准日益增长的迫切需求。该年度首先从理论上对全球动态地心参考框架维持中观测数据的误差特性进行了分析，对不同观测数据融合时融合方法、函数模型、随机模型构建进行研究，对全球框架观测台站动态特性及稳定性进行分析，并基于多项原则对全球框架核心站点或控制站点进行优化选取，同时考虑到全球及我国框架的高精度维护，课题该年度还开展了基于多种大地测量技术手段确定地球质心的方法的研究，用全球分布GNSS观测台站10年观测数据，采用不同的技术和方法初步获得的地球质心的运动变化信息。在大网平差算法研究及软件实现上，研究了全球动态地心参考框架数据处理分布式计算技术，完成法方程层面及观测方程层面的参考框架数据处理分布式计算算法研究；完成多模卫星定位数据集成处理原型软件的模块设计和代码编写及大规模网数据组合和平差处理原型软件的模块设计和代码编写；研究基于国内大规模的GNSS区域网的地心坐标参考框架维持方法；为建立高精度全球动态地心坐标参考框架与维持奠定基础。

关键词：大地基准 框架维护 大型CORS网 地心运动 动态修正与服务 分布式计算

Abstract： The project studys high-precision dynamic global geocentric reference frame for establishing an independent dynamic correction and service system of global geodetic datum to meet growing urgent needs of precision dynamic geocentric datum for economic construction， national defense， scientific research and modern surveying and mapping industry. In the first year， observation data error characteristics in maintainance of the global dynamic geocentric reference frame were analyzed； and data fusion method， function model， stochastic model building for different observation fusions were studied； meanwhile， dynamics and stability characteristics of observation stations global framework were also analyzed； the core stations of global framework were selected optimally based on several principles； taking into account the maintenance of global and our national framework， the determination methods of geocenter motions also were researched based on a variety of geodetic techniques with 10 years observation data of global distribution GNSS stations， and the preliminary information of geocenter motions were obtained. In large network adjustment algorithm and software implementation， the study of data processing distributed computing technology of global dynamic geocentric reference frame were carried out， and data processing distributed computing algorithms in the normal equation and observation equation levels were completed； module designs and coding of multimode positioning data integration processing prototype software and large-scale network combination&adjustment processing prototype software were finished. The maintenance methods of geocentric reference frame based on national large-scale GNSS network were also researched here for establishing and maintainance of high-precision dynamic global geocentric reference frame.

Key Words： Geodetic datum； Maintainance of reference frame； Large CORS network； Geocenter motion； Dynamic correction and services； Distributed computing

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