第三届全球豪瑞奖创新一等奖：高效混凝土模板技术，苏黎世，瑞士

主要设计者：马蒂亚斯·科勒/格拉玛祖奥与科勒建筑事务所，苏黎世联邦理工学院建筑与数字建造实验室

第三届全球豪瑞奖创新一等奖：高效混凝土模板技术，苏黎世，瑞士

主要设计者：马蒂亚斯·科勒/格拉玛祖奥与科勒建筑事务所，苏黎世联邦理工学院建筑与数字建造实验室

评委评语

评委会赞扬了该项目水平卓越的研究和实践型实验。该设计的混凝土生产工艺流程是由瑞士联邦理工学院的建筑与数字制造教授研究团队开发的，这是一种巧妙的浇注高度复杂几何定义的混凝土表面的方法。它推进了一个全新的生产阶段。首先，由机器人制动柔性成形表面形成一个稍后待浇注混凝土形状的阳模。然后，将液态蜡倒在制动表面上。一旦冷却，蜡阴模就成为实际现场模板的一个元件，将混凝土浇注到里面，最终产生所需的元件。在该过程完成后，这个蜡阴模可以被加热变成液态，供下次模板浇注过程使用。

这种创新混凝土生产方法的突出优点有4个。首先，它不需要使用可循环性很差却很昂贵的建筑材料，如EPS、木材或钢板，而用蜡替代传统的混凝土模板材料。同时，它将与模板相关的建筑废料几乎减少到零。第二，大大减少了生产高度复杂的混凝土模板嵌体所需的大量体力劳动，因为它建立了完全自动化的机器人操作流程。第三，这种模板技术的成本相对较低，这是经济地生产几何形状复杂的一次性现浇混凝土结构的先决条件。第四，实际上对于迄今为止精度难以想象的混凝土结构的曲率没有限制。总而言之，这种几何形状复杂的混凝土构件的模板技术极具远见，是一个真正的飞跃，它将最大的计算机辅助制造（CAM）技术与最新一代的机器人相结合，具备改革施工工艺流程的潜力，从而提高可持续性。

设计团队/Design Team: Matthias Kohler, Fabio Gramazio/ Gramazio & Kohler, Architektur und Digitale Fabrikation, ETH Zurich; Silvan Oesterle, Axel Vansteenkiste, Ammar Mirjan, Petrus Lindström, Selen Ercan

1 用蜡模造型的双面自由造型（双曲面）混凝土浇筑板/Two-sided free-form (double curved) concrete cast with corresponding wax formwork.

Jury Appraisal

Te jury commended the project for its excel-lent level of research and practice-oriented experimentation. Te proposed concrete production process developed by a research team at the Professorship for Architecture & Digital Fabrication at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich) is an ingenious approach to casting concrete surfaces of highly complex geometrical definition. It advances an entirely new sequence of production phases. First, a robot actuates a flexible molding surface to form a positive of the later to be cast concrete shape. Ten, liquid wax is poured onto the actuated surface. Once cooled, the wax negative form becomes one element of the actual on-site formwork, into which concrete is poured to finally produce the desired element. After the process is completed, the wax negative form can be heated and made liquid, in order to be reused for the next formwork pouring process.

2 通过建造与设立小型复杂几何结构进行的研究实践的演示，例如这个具有美感的公交车站的建筑尝试/Demonstration of research in practice through the construction and placement of complex-shaped small structures: Te architectural forms create highly aesthetic elements such as this shelter concept of a bus stop（图片来源/Photo: Gramazio & Kohler, ETH Zurich.）

The outstanding merits of this innovative concrete production method are fourfold: First, it eliminates the need to use expensive and marginallyrecyclable construction materials such as EPS, wood or steel sheet, while replacing the traditional materials for concrete formwork by wax. At the same time, it reduces formwork-related construction waste almost to zero. Second, it considerably cuts down the tremendous volume of manual labour necessary to produce highly complex concrete formwork inlays because a fully automated robotic process is established. Tird, the relatively low cost of this formwork technology is a prerequisite for the economical production of geometrically complex one-off, on-site concrete structures. Fourth, there are virtually no limits regarding the curvature of concrete structures with a hitherto unimaginable degree of accuracy. Overall, this visionary formwork technology for geometrically complex concrete elements is a real quantum leap combining the utmost computer-aided manufacture (CAM) technologies with the latest generation of robots that has the potential for revolutionising the construction process thereby enhancing sustainability.

3rd Global Holcim Awards Innovation 1st Prize: High-efficiency Concrete Formwork Technology, Zurich, Switzerland

Main Authors: Matthias Kohler/Gramazio & Kohler, Architektur und Digitale Fabrikation, ETH Zurich