生物原料高效转化机制与调控规律课题年度报告

齐海山

摘 要：针对非粮原料，获得了高效利用生物质代谢生物能源菌株，确定了影响菌株正常生长和产物合成的主要代谢途径；从系统水平上解析了酿酒酵母对纤维素水解液中多种抑制剂在多个水平上的响应机制，在小分子代谢途径方面，发现了典型抑制剂耐受性相关的代谢物，解析微生物对抑制剂的响应机制和耐受策略。从生物信息学和代谢物组学水平解析了抗生素高效合成机制，并提出了生物质高效转化目标产物（如：漆酶、抗生素）的过程强化策略。鉴定了粗糙脉孢菌中生物质糖转运蛋白（CDT-1、CDT-2）和相关调控因子（hcr-1、hcr-2），解析了生理生化功能，构建了脉孢菌系统糖转运蛋白测试系统。开展了功能菌群资源化利用甘蔗糖蜜废水发酵制2-苯乙醇研究，利用rDNA PCR-DGGE技术，对菌群动态演变及功能特征进行了解析，用代谢物组学阐明了混合菌群的协同作用机制；研究了维生素C生产的二步发酵中的大菌和小菌之间的协同作用及其对生产的影响；解析并优化了嗜热厌氧梭菌共培养高效转化玉米秸秆产氢气过程。

关键词：复杂生物原料 系统分析 抑制剂 高效转化 混菌体系 调控规律

Abstract：For the non-food raw materials， the bioenergy strains that could use biomass efficiently were obtained， and the major metabolic pathways influencing strains normal growth and product synthesis were also determined. The response mechanism in multiple levels of saccharomyces cerevisiae to a variety of inhibitors in the cellulose hydrolysis liquid was analyzed from the system level. The metabolites related to the typical inhibitor tolerance were found in the aspect of small molecular metabolic pathways， and the response mechanisms and tolerance strategies of microorganism to inhibitors were analyzed. Besides， the antibiotics efficient synthesis mechanisms were analyzed in the level of bioinformatics and metabolomics， and the process intensification strategy that biomass was efficiently convered into target products （such as laccase， antibiotics） was put forward. The biomass sugar transporters （CDT-1， CDT-2） and relevant regulating factors （hcr-1， hcr-2） in neurospora crassa were identified， the physiological and biochemical functions were analyzed， and a test system of sugar transporters in neurospora crassa was constructed. Moreover， the research about the fermentation of 2-phenyl ethanol using sugar cane molasses wastewater with functional bacteria was carried out， the dynamic evolution and functional characteristics of bacteria was analyzed using the rDNA PCR-DGGE technology， and the synergy mechanism of the mixed bacteria was illustrated by metabolomics. The synergistic effect of bacteria in the secondary fermentation of Vitamin C， as well as its impact on production was investigated， and the process that thermophilic anaerobic clostridium co-cultured converts corn straw to produce hydrogen gas efficiently was analyzed and optimized.

Key Words：Complex biological material；Systematic analysis；Inhibitors；Efficient transformation；Mixed culture；Regulating characteristics

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