让学引思,英语课堂的智慧转身
2016-10-29崔珣
崔珣
【设计理念】
《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》指出:教学过程中要始终体现学生的主体地位。基于该理念,教学本课时,我以“让学引思”为指导,努力构建基于儿童的生本课堂。此外,教学中我还遵循了以下三个原则。
1.以学定教。
备课时,根据学生的学习进度,我反复研读教材译林新版《英语》五下Unit 5 Helping our parents,最终选定story time为第一课时教学内容。首先,帮助父母这一充满正能量的话题贴近学生的生活,容易引起学生共鸣;其次,将现在进行时融合在故事情境中更利于学生掌握。
预习是提高听课效率的有效途径,英语学科不同于其他学科,由于缺乏语言环境,如何预习,学生往往无从下手。因此,我录制了课前预习微视频,主要包括:展示本课学习目标,帮助学生明确学习目的;播放生活中做家务的动态场景,图文对照,引导学生初步感知本课短语和句型结构;设置探究型任务,鼓励学生通过多种方式,探索语言规律。
科学有效的课前引学任务,能为学生提供先想、先做、先学的时间与空间。学生积极主动地做好课堂学习准备,教师则根据学生的学习需求和意愿,确定合适的教学目标和教学方法。
2.为学设教。
学生是学习的主人,教应服务于学。教学中,我聚焦本课话题,帮助学生建构以话题为核心的语言知识体系,让学生整体把握文本。阅读前,通过聊天和游戏导入本文中部分生词及短语;阅读中,让学生运用不同的阅读策略进行自主阅读,允许学生质疑,鼓励学生互助,并在此基础上总结语言规律;阅读后,进行文本复述及绘本阅读等活动,让学生在阅读中体验乐趣,提升阅读能力。
3.顺学而引。
教师要根据学生学习的状态和生成情况,捕捉教学的最佳时机,适时调整教学思路和方法,并积极创设激发学生探究的问题情境,引领学生智慧学习。在属于学生的课堂上,学生们聊天进入情境,游戏激活知识,读图感知文本,学习阅读策略,进行有效输出,提升阅读能力。
【教学目标】
1. 初学课文,会读、会说本单元重点词句: parent,clean,cook,sweep,busy,wash; What is he/she doing?He/She is... What are you/they doing? I am/We/They are...
2. 能正确地理解并朗读课文,在教师的引导和帮助下,借助图片或关键词尝试复述课文内容。
3. 能初步运用本课所学的词汇和句型询问别人正在做什么。
4. 能体谅父母的辛劳,并帮助父母。
【教学活动及意图】
一、读前活动
Step 1 Leading-in
教师进行自我介绍,拉近与学生的距离。
T:Glad to see you, boys and girls. Today, Im your new English teacher.I like singing,dancing and drawing. Guess,what am I doing now?
简笔画呈现Mikes father。
Ss:You are drawing.
T:Yes,Im drawing.Whos he?
S:Hes Mikes father.
简笔画呈现Mikes mother。
T:Look, whos she?
S:Shes Mikes mother.
T(指着黑板上父母的头像): Theyre father and mother,theyre parents.
板书并带领学生朗读parents。
T:Parents means father and mother. Our parents love us,we should try our best to make them happy.How can we do?
S1:I can sweep the floor.
S2:I can make fruit salad.
教师逐一评价学生的回答并揭示主题。
T:You are good children.Your parents are happy because you can help them.Today,our topic is“Helping our parents”.
板书:Unit 5 Helping our parents
【富有吸引力的课堂导入能激发学生的求知欲,从而为课堂教学的顺利进行奠定基础。教师言简意赅的自我介绍展示了自己的爱好,同时还可以运用现在进行时引导学生猜测教师正在做的动作,接着,教师巧妙运用简笔画创设信息沟,让学生猜测所画人物,激趣的同时加深了学生对单词的印象。】
Step 2 Brain storming
T:My daughter often helps me with my housework. Please enjoy.(展示女儿做家务的照片)
T:Can you say phrases about housework.For
example, wash clothes, make a cake... Lets have a competition ,the more,the better.You just have 15 seconds. Ready?Go!
S:clean the table/wash clothes/cook dinner...
采用小组竞赛的形式,每组在15秒之内说出有关做家务的短语,比一比哪一组说得多,每说一个短语得一颗爱心奖励。
【头脑风暴活动是激活学生知识储备的有效途径,教学中我采用思维导图的形式,提供部分动词,鼓励学生说出更多的短语,培养学生的发散思维能力。在此过程中引入小组竞争机制,能活跃课堂气氛,提高学习效率。】
二、读中活动
Step 3 Presentation
1.读图引学,初步感知文本。
Look and find.
T(指着黑板上迈克的父母):You can do these housework for your parents,how about them?
T:Do you know their children? Look at the picture carefully and find out who they are and where they are.
S1:Mikes mother is in the kitchen.
S2:Helen is in the living room.
T:Dont forget the dog.Where is he?
有的学生只关注人物介绍,却忘记了小狗,在这里可以适时介绍西方文化背景知识:在西方国家,人们把狗当作家庭成员。
【课文插图生动、形象,折射着文本内容,为此我充分利用插图这一宝贵资源,学生通过读图,说出相关人物和地点,他们在读图过程中能捕捉到文本中的重要信息,并能为深入理解文本做好铺垫。】
2.深度阅读,掌握阅读策略。
Watch and answer.
T:Are all the children helping their parents?
S:Mike and Helen are helping her parents.Tim and Ben are not helping them.
【生动的图文动态演示能激发学生的学习热情,有利于学生整体感知文本。设计具有统领性的问题,能为学生理解文本提供一条清晰的主线。】
Listen and match.
T:What are they doing in the morning?Take out your paper,lets listen and match.
听课文第一段,学生边听录音边在练习纸上完成连线题。
T:Lets check the answers.
在校对连线题答案的过程中,引导学生看图说话,第一幅图由教师示范提问,学生回答。
T:What is Mikes father doing?
S:Hes cleaning the car.
教师在相应的简笔画人物头像旁写上短语,学生朗读短语,操练句型。从第二幅图开始,学生相互问答,随着学生的问答,教师同步进行人物头像的绘画以及相应短语的板书,并带领学生朗读短语与句型。
S1:What is Mikes mother doing?
S2:She is cooking breakfast.
S3:What is Mike doing?
S4:He is helping his father. He is cleaning the car.
S3:What are they doing?
S4:They are cleaning the car.
S5:What is Helen doing?
S6:She is sweeping the floor.
S7:What is Tim/Ben doing?
S8:Tim/Ben is sleeping.
Ask and answer
T:Use the picture, ask and answer in pairs.
再次进行看图说话练习,要求学生运用本课出现的新句型进行对话。
What is ... doing? He/She is...
What are ... doing?They are...(教师板书句式)
Look and find.
T:Look at the sentences,which tense is it?
S:...
T:Yes,the present continuous tense.
T:Can you say something about the tense?
S:...
Listen and repeat.
T:Please listen and repeat.Pay attention to the pronunciation.
【自主方能自悟,自悟才能自得。在课文第一段的教学中,大量的听、说、读教学活动促进了学生语言理解能力的提升,学生在活动中自主感悟,发现并总结语言规律。】
Skim and find.学生快速浏览2、3两段,回答问题。
T:They are so busy in the morning except Tim. Because hes too young. What about them in the afternoon?Who comes to their house?
Read and underline.
学生默读2、3两段,画出迈克一家下午的活动。
T:Lets check the answers.
学生相互问答,教师在人物头像旁同步板书相应短语,并带领学生朗读短语、句型。
S1:What is Mikes mother doing?
S2:She is cooking dinner.
S3:What is Mike doing?
S4:He is cleaning the table.
S3:What is Helen doing?
S4:She is washing the dishes..
S5:What is Helen doing?
S6:She is sweeping the floor.
S7:What are Tim and Jim doing?
S8:Theyre eating fruit and watching TV in the living room.
Happy reading.
T:Lets read part two and three together. Listen carefully, if Im right, you follow me loudly. If Im wrong, please say “Stop!” and correct the sentences.
教师在朗读过程中故意读错句子,学生迅速纠错,训练学生的快速反应能力。
【授人以鱼不如授人以渔。让学生自主学习课文第二、三两段,学生运用学到的阅读策略,通过快速浏览、默读、趣味朗读等活动,进一步理解文本,他们在宽松的学习氛围中获得乐趣,树立自信心。】
三、读后活动
Step 4 Consolidation
Retell the story.
In the morning, Mikes father is cleaning the car. Mike is...(学生看板书复述)
【图文并茂、脉络清晰的板书,为学生搭建了语言支架,学生根据人物头像及相关短语,实现了语言的有效输出。】
Step 5 Extension
Think and guess.
T:What are they doing in the evening? Maybe...is/are...(引导学生猜测迈克一家晚上的活动)
Read and complete.
Read and complete the picture story. Read the story together.(学生运用课上学到的阅读策略阅读绘本并完成练习)
【学生灵活运用现在进行时态猜测迈克一家晚上的活动,在口头操练的基础上,绘本阅读与填空让学生的笔头训练得以落实。】
Step 6 Summary
T:Mike has a sweet family.Each of us has a sweet family too.(播放公益广告视频《给妈妈洗脚》)
T:Our parents love us,we should try our best to make them happy.Boys and girls,lets take action to pass love on.
用红笔在人物头像以及短语、句型板书周围画上爱心和翅膀。
【我在本课板书内容的周围画上紧紧围绕的爱心和翅膀,并以视频中的一句话结束本课教学:Boys and girls,lets take action to pass love on.《给妈妈洗脚》这一则公益广告给学生强烈的心灵震撼,简单的故事情节充满耐人寻味的人生哲理,与本课的故事相得益彰,此时,学生的情感得以升华。】
Step 7 Homework
(1)Read story time fluently and retell the story.
(2) Finish the exercises on Page 50.
(3)Write a story about activities of your family on Sundays.
(作者单位:江苏省东台市实验小学)