重庆与安特卫普：“渝新欧-新丝绸之路”桥头堡

□ 文/肖　涵

重庆与安特卫普：“渝新欧-新丝绸之路”桥头堡

□ 文/肖涵

城市简介

安特卫普是比利时北部的一个省，位于比利时斯海尔德河畔，地处三角洲平原，地形平坦，河道纵横，属温带海洋性气候。

位于欧洲经济中心，作为比利时经济龙头的安特卫普是欧洲人口最密集的地区，是欧洲第二大港，也是世界第二大化工制造业中心。安特卫普还是世界最大的钻石加工和贸易中心，素有“世界钻石之都”之称。安特卫普是欧洲著名的文化中心，也是世界著名的旅游城市，同时也是一个美食之都。历史上，这里是欧洲最富有的城市之一。这里有保存完好、充满中世纪情调的旧市区古老建筑，有高超神秘的钻石加工工艺，有享誉世界的绘画艺术和众多的博物馆。安特卫普的居民大多使用荷兰地方方言，工商界主要使用法语。地处欧洲最大消费市场中心的安特卫普，占尽天时地利，是开展国际交流和经贸往来的理想之地。

2011年10月26日，中国重庆市和比利时安特卫普省结为友好城市。2012年“渝新欧”国际铁路这条“欧亚大陆桥”继续西进，从德国的杜伊斯堡西延至比利时的安特卫普，将欧盟总部所在国比利时与重庆直接相连，两地成为这条“新丝绸之路”的东西桥头堡。

外事知识

绿色运输协议

绿色运输是指以节约能源、减少废气排放为特征的运输。绿色运输实施的主要途径包括合理选择运输工具和运输路线。绿色运输的方式主要是发展多式联运、发展共同配送和建立信息网络。绿色运输是绿色物流的重要组成部分，绿色物流包括绿色运输过程、绿色包装以及绿色加工通道。

协议，是共同计划、协商，在法律上是合同的同义词。协议是指经过谈判、协商而制定的共同承认、共同遵守的文件。只要协议对签协议方的权利和义务作出明确、具体的约定，即使书面文件上被冠以“协议”或者“协议书”的名称，一经双方签署确定，即与合同一样对签协议的几方具有约束力。

绿色运输协议指的根据绿色运输的特征、途径和方式而签订的对签协议方有约束力的文件。绿色运输协议不仅适用于国内运输，也适用于国际运输。绿色运输协议的签订，可以保障签约方的权利，也可以促进签约方可持续合作发展。

中欧安全智能贸线试点计划

“安智贸”全称“中欧安全智能贸易航线试点计划”，是一项旨在完善欧亚之间贸易供应链安全与便利的规则，实现对海运集装箱及箱内货物的全程监控，建立安全便利智能化国际贸易运输链而实施的试点计划。这是一项中欧海关之间的合作项目，也是一项海关与企业的合作项目。

“安智贸”是以海关之间数据交换、互相承认监管结果、经授权的经营者、以及集装箱安全设备的应用为基础，实现信息共享，确保贸易安全链。中欧双方确定，在“安智贸”项目中使用电子封志技术，并以公平竞争为原则，共同制定了《中欧安全智能贸易航线试点计划安全设备应用需求》。经中欧双方的共同努力，“安智贸”项目于2007年11月19日正式实施。

外事案例

安特卫普省与重庆签订绿色运输协议

2011年4月5日凌晨，一列满载“重庆造”电子产品的专列开抵德国杜伊斯堡，拉开了“渝新欧”国际铁路大通道贯通的序幕。2011年5月9日，一列满载化工原料的火车从比利时港口城市安特卫普出发，直接驶向中国内陆城市重庆，标志着欧洲直通中国内陆的新欧亚大陆桥正式开通。

2011年10月25日，比利时安特卫普省与重庆签订了绿色运输协议。26日，首批重庆生产的宏碁电脑已由重庆铁路启运，统一发往比利时安特卫普。2012年，中比绿色列车通道开通，比利时的安特卫普港将成为这条绿色通道的新终点。中国海关和比利时海关达成了“安智贸”便捷通关协议，仿照欧共体，实行海关一卡通。在比利时海关通过关检后，走“渝新欧”铁路通道进入中国直至重庆，其它国家海关都不再重复关检。该班列线路为重庆-新疆-白俄罗斯-安特卫普，全程用时约16天，将比海运节省20多天。

重庆与安特卫普签订了“绿色列车通道”，不仅缩短了运输时间，还降低了运输成本。“重庆-安特卫普”绿色铁路运输的实施，加速了重庆企业与安特卫普省企业的合作，促进了中国和比利时的经贸关系的发展。同时，货物走“渝新欧”铁路到欧洲的时间，是海运到欧洲时间的一半，它向客户证明这条运输线的优势和价值，对中欧贸易将起到积极推动作用。

重庆市加入中欧安全智能贸易航线试点计划

2011年5月10日至12日，中欧安全智能贸易航线试点计划第十六次工作会议在重庆召开。来自欧委会海关与税务同盟总司，“安智贸”参与国英国、法国、德国、意大利、比利时、荷兰、波兰等国的海关及驻华使馆代表以及世界海关组织代表等25名外方代表，与海关总署、深圳海关以及上海海关等25名中方代表齐聚山城。

在“安智贸”第二阶段计划试点港口中，中方增加了重庆港跟上海港，其中重庆港是内地唯一一个试点港口；欧方增加了法国的勒阿弗尔港、意大利热那亚港、德国汉堡港以及比利时的安特卫普港。至此，中欧“安智贸”项目将由第一阶段的三国三港试点扩大至七国九港参与。

随着“安智贸”项目的扩大，“渝新欧”铁路成为一条新的连接亚欧大陆之间的丝绸之路，直接把重庆跟安特卫普两个城市连接在了一起。重庆是中国内地最大的笔记本电脑生产基地，安特卫普是众所周知的时尚之都，铁路的联通不仅是运输道路的连接，更是社会文化生活的交流渠道。这条全新的丝绸之路增加了中欧之间的贸易量，更打开了重庆跟安特卫普人民交流的新渠道。

● 作者为四川外国语大学国际关系学院硕士研究生

Introduction of Antwerp

Antwerp is a province in the north of Belgium， located in the Scheldt river and in delta plain， the area is flat and crisscrossed with rivers， the province is of temperate maritime climate.

As the economic center of Europe and the economic backbone of Belgium， Antwerp is the most densely-populated area of Europe， the second largest port of Europe and the second largest center of chemical engineering manufacturing industry in the world. It is also the largest diamond processing and trade center in the world， which has the name of the World Diamond Center. Besides， Antwerp is the cultural center of Europe， a famous city for tourism and the world gourmet capital. In history it used to be one of the richest cities in Europe. There are well-preserved old medieval buildings， excellent and mysterious diamond processing technology， world-renowned painting culture and lots of museums. Most of the inhabitants use the dialect of Dutch， while the business circle mainly uses French. Located in the center of the largest consumer market in Europe， Antwerp is the ideal place for international communication and economic and trade exchanges.

On October 26， 2011， Chongqing and Antwerp became sister cities. In 2012， the Eurasian Continental Bridge——Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway made its way west and extended from Duisburg in Germany to Antwerp in Belgium， which linked Belgium（the country where the EU headquarters locates） and Chongqing directly. Thus Chongqing and Antwerp became the east and west bridgeheads of the New Silk Road.

Green Transportation Agreement

Green transportation refers to save energy and reduce emissions. The main way of the implementation of green transportation includes the reasonable choice of transport vehicles and transport routes. The way mainly includes the development of multifold transport and common distribution and the establishment of information network. Green transportation is an important part of the green logistics， which include the process of green transportation， green packaging and green processing channel.

Agreement， which means a common plan or negotiation，is a synonym for contract in law. The agreement is a document that is jointly recognized and shared by the parties through negotiation and consultation. As long as the rights and obligations of the parties to the agreement is clear and specifi c，even if the written document is labeled as "agreement"， once the agreement is signed by the parties， the agreement will be binding on both parties just like a contract.

Green transportation agreement means a document signed by the parties， ways and means of green transportation that all the parties should bind it. The green transportation agreement is suitable not only for domestic transportation， but also for international transportation. The signing of the green transport agreement can protect the rights of the parties， and promote the sustainable development of the cooperation.

EU-China Trade Lines Security lntelligence Pilot Program

SSTL， which full name is EU-China Smart and Secure Trade Lanes Pilot Program， aims at improving the rule of security and convenience of the trade supply chain between Europe and Asia， realizing full control of shipping containers and inside cargo， establishing safe， convenient and intelligent transport chain of international trade. This is a cooperation project between China and the EU customs， but also a project between customs and enterprises.

SSTL is based on data exchange between customs，mutual recognition of supervision outcomes， authorized operators， as well as the application of container safety devices， to realize information sharing and ensure the trade security chain. The two sides determined to use electronic seals technology in SSTL， and follow the principle of fair competition， jointly formulated the EU-China Smart and Secure Trade Lanes Pilot Program Safety equipment applications. Through the joint efforts of both China and the EU， SSTL was formally implemented on November 19， 2007.

Cases

A Green Transportation Agreement Signed by Antwerp Province and Chongqing City

In the early morning of April 5， 2011， a train loaded with electronic products that Made in Chongqing arrived in Duisburg in Germany， which opened the prelude of Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway. On May 9， 2011， another train full of chemical raw materials from the Belgian port city Antwerp directly arrived at Chongqing， the inland city of China. The event marked the formal opening of New Eurasian Continental Bridge， through the Europe and the mainland of China.

On October 25， 2011， Belgium Antwerp province signed a green transportation agreement with Chongqing. On the second day， the first batch of Acer computer produced in Chongqing is wholly sent to Antwerp by the Chongqing railway. In 2012， the China-Belgium green transportation channel was opened， Antwerp became the new destination of the green channel. Chinese customs and the Belgian customs reached an agreement on SSTL. We take after the European Union in the way of implementing a customs one-card-through. After the Belgian customs clearance inspection， the train went through the new European railway channel to go into China Chongqing directly， during which countries no longer repeat the inspection. The train goes through Chongqing - Xinjiang - Belarus -Antwerp， and the whole trip took about 16 days， saving more than 20 days than that by shipping.

Chongqing and Antwerp signed this green train channel，not only shortened the transport time， but also reduced the transportation cost. The implementation of the Chongqing Antwerp green railway transportation has accelerated the cooperation between enterprises in Chongqing and Antwerp Province， and promoted the development of economic and trade relations between China and Belgium. At the same time，the time by Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway to Europe， is the half than that by shipping. It demonstrates the advantages and value of this transportation line to customers，who also plays a positive role in promoting China-EU trade.

Chongqing Joining CElBS Smart and Secure Trade Lanes Pilot Program

On May 10 to 12， 2011， the Sixteenth work conference of EU-China Smart and Secure Trade Lanes Pilot Program held in Chongqing. From the European Commission Directorate General for customs and tax Alliance， customs and Embassy representative in SSTL participating country such as Britain，France， Germany， Italy， Belgium， the Netherlands， Poland and other 25 foreign representatives such as the World Customs Organization， together with General Administration of Customs，Shenzhen Customs and Shanghai Customs and other 25 Chinese representatives gathered in the mountain.

In the second phase of harbor pilot program in SSTL，China has increased Chongqing Port and Shanghai Port， and Chongqing Port is the only pilot port in the mainland； EU has increased the port of Le Havre in France， the port of Genoa in Italy， the port of Hamburg in Germany and the port of Antwerp in Belgium. So far， the project SSTL will be expanded from the three ports of three pilot countries in the fi rst stage to nine ports of seven countries.

With the expansion of SSTL project， Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway has become a New Silk Road linking Asia and Europe continents， connecting Chongqing and Antwerp directly. Chongqing is the largest laptop production base in Chinese mainland， Antwerp is the well known fashion capital， the railway is not only a road for transportation， but also a communication channel for social and cultural life. This New Silk Road increased trade between China and Europe，furthermore it opened new ways to communicate with people between Chongqing and Antwerp.

● By post-graduate student of School of International Relations, Sichuan

Chongqing and Antwerp： Bridgeheads of the New Silk Road-Chongqing Xinjiang-Europe International Railway

□ Written by Xiao Han