齐长城之“涌泉”

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齐长城之“涌泉”

文／陈焱 图／山东图片库

THE GREAT WALL OF QI: “YONGQUAN”

齐长城大都依山势而建，山岭之处又多筑于峰顶处，故齐长城又有长城岭之称。因为齐长城是史载最早的长城，所以又被称作“中国长城之父”。它始建于春秋，完成于战国，西起滔滔黄河，经泰沂山区起伏蜿蜒千余里，东至黄海之滨。像齐长城这样的宏伟古建筑，凝聚着华夏先民的勤劳与智慧。“涌泉”的劈山齐长城是至今保留较完好的一段，是齐长城的历史见证和缩影。

○ 涌泉齐长城防线是齐长城防线的重要组成部分。The defense line of the Great Wall of Qi in Yongquan is an important part of the defense line of the Great Wall of Qi.

“涌泉”名字的来历其实还有一个传说。相传公元341年，孙膑率部在此休整。某一天，他正在一楷树下小睡，梦中看到达摩祖师乘金像飘然而至，手指西南方向说，此处有一神泉。孙膑醒后命令将士在此挖掘，结果挖了不到1米，泉水就喷涌而出，官兵饮后感到神清体壮，战斗力大增。于是孙膑命名这个山泉为“涌泉”。多少年来不管天气如何变化，涌泉泉水一直长流清澈甘甜，村民行人喝后皆神清气爽，因此该泉又被人誉为“圣泉”。

涌泉齐长城，地处淄博市淄川区淄河镇涌泉村。这里群山相连，树木相拥，阵阵清风中绿浪翻滚。白天绿叶摇着阳光洒金，夜晚幽静中满目清辉、星光闪烁。层层梯田、朵朵白云、棵棵古树将山村打扮得风情万种；清新的空气、绿色的丛林散发着无尽生机和愉悦。目前，这里已经被保护开发建成了旅游生态风景区。

涌泉齐长城生态风景区占地面积30余万亩，海拔500余米，三面环山，其中存留的古建筑距今已有3000多年的历史。涌泉齐长城历史悠久，据传也是孟姜女哭长城留传了2000多年故事的根基所在。景区内有以孟姜女当年寻夫走过的小道为基础修建的孟姜女景观大道、齐长城遗址保护公园、孙膑歇马堂佛教文化区、百年古树群等，在这里可以充分感受到自然和人文的融合。

齐长城途经涌泉境内为22个山头、约6公里。从占据线路长度衡量来看，涌泉村是齐长城沿线占据最长的村庄，可谓齐长城防线第一村。途径涌泉的齐长城及其相邻防线，既有依险而建的山险墙，也有建筑独特、设施完善的兵营，更有彰显军事战略艺术的特色设施，如功能齐全的劈山齐兵营、易守难攻的油篓寨、雁门关；达摩山与劈山的前线后方设置、油篓寨与鹿角山的互为掎角之势，雁门寨、油篓寨、鹿角山、达摩山、劈山、莲花山、马鞍山的呼应支撑，山脊、平地、水路的相互配合，无不令人叫绝。

涌泉齐长城防线是齐长城防线的重要组成部分。其中从达摩顶东北方向沿山脊到莲花山为齐长城复线，沿西南方向到达石龙山为齐鲁边境线是齐长城主线。经涌泉的齐长城防线有前方阵地也有后方兵营，有主线也有复线，有关口重地也有山险墙要塞，是特色突出的历史军事阵地。

涌泉齐长城具有很高的历史研究价值，为使这一国家级的历史遗存得以保护，在政府相关部门的支持下，2008年开始修建占地百亩的劈山齐长城遗址保护公园。公园位于涌泉劈山山顶，是国内保存比较完整的古齐长城遗址。园内有巍峨的劈山、雄伟的独山寨、一线天、八仙过海奇观等自然景观；也有保存千年的齐兵营、石门、烽火台、劈山关、孟姜女哭长城断墙处等历史遗存。

○ 齐长城吸引了人们前来旅游和研究。The Great Wall of Qi attracts people to come for sightseeing and research.

○ 齐长城途经涌泉境内为22个山头、约6公里。The Great Wall of Qi runs across 22 mountains in Yongquan, with a length of about 6km.

Most parts of the Great Wall of Qi are built along the mountains, and the parts adjoining mountain ridges are mostly built on the summits. The Great Wall of Qi on the Pi Mountain of “Yongquan” is still a well-preserved section, which is the historical witness and epitome of the Great Wall of Qi.

The Great Wall of Qi in Yongquan is located in Yongquan Village, Zihe Town, Zichuan District, Zibo City. It is linked with mountains and surrounded by trees. At present, it has been built into an eco-tourism scenic spot under protection and development.

The Great Wall of Qi runs across 22 mountains in Yongquan, with a length of about 6km. The defense line of the Great Wall of Qi in Yongquan is an important part of the defense line of the Great Wall of Qi as a whole. The section from the northeast of the Damo Peak to the Lianhua Mountain along the ridge is the complex line of the Great Wall of Qi. The section from the southwest to the Shilong Mountain is the borderline of Qi and Lu, which is the main line of the Great Wall of Qi.

Under the support of relevant government departments, the Great Wall of Qi Relic Park in the Pi Mountain covering an area of one hundred mu started to be built in 2008. Located on the top of the Pi Mountain, Yongquan, this park is a well-preserved ancient site of the Great Wall of Qin in China.