跟踪导练（三）2

A

The average person learns most of the 30，000—40，000 words whose meanings he or she recognizes by hearing them or getting familiar with them in the context （语境） of simply absorbing them without conscious effort. The best way to build a good vocabulary， therefore， is to read a great deal and to take part in a lot of good talks. There are relatively few words that we learn permanently by purposefully referring to dictionaries or keeping word lists. However， even those extra few are of value， and no one will make a mistake by working on developing a larger vocabulary. Here are some suggestions on how to do it.

Read plenty of good books. When you come across a new word， or a new meaning of an old word， stop and see if you can understand it from its context. If you cant， and if you can manage without interrupting the thought of the book too much， look it up in a dictionary or ask somebody and then repeat its meaning to yourself a couple of times. If you are really serious-minded preferably using it in a sentence， you can keep a special vocabulary notebook. Go over the list from time to time. Further， try to use a new word in writing or conversation a few times over the next several days.

Listen to good talks and be alert to new words you hear or to new meanings of words youve already known. Then treat them just as you do with the new words you read.

Learn and be alert to the parts of words： prefixes （前缀）， suffixes and roots. Knowing them enables you to make intelligent guesses about the meaning of words.

If you are studying a foreign language， be alert to words in that language which relate to words in English. English has inherited （继承） or borrowed much of its vocabulary of 500，000-600，000 words from Latin， Greek， French， Spanish and German.

1. What is one of the best ways to build a good vocabulary？

A. To remember a lot.

B. To read some novels.

C. To refer to dictionaries.

D. To take part in a lot of good talks.

2. What should you do first when you meet a new word in reading？

A. Guess its meaning from its context.

B. Look it up in a dictionary.

C. Repeat reading it.

D. Ask somebody to help.

3. The underlined phrase “be alert to” in Paragraph 3 may best be replaced by “___”.

A. learn by heart B. pay attention to

C. write down D. look at

4. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to？

A. The parts of words. B. Prefixes.

C. Suffixes. D. Roots.

B

J. K. Rowling， the Harry Potter author， has made a 1 million donation to the Labour Party. The gift was announced by the party as it began its yearly conference in Manchester today.

“I would like to thank J. K. Rowling for making this generous donation and for helping us in our work to make Britain a fairer and stronger country，” said Ray Collins， Labour Party General Secretary.

Ms Rowling， whose fortune stands at 560 million in the Sunday Times Rich List， is a personal friend of the Labour Prime Minister Gordon Brown and his wife Sarah. But the author said in a statement that her donation was mainly influenced by Labours work on child poverty and Conservative Partys plans to ease the tax burden on married couples. Ms Rowling famously wrote her first Harry Potter books while she was a struggling single mother.

She said， “I believe that poor families will get on much better under the Labour Party than they would under a Cameron-led Conservative Party.”

The donation will come as a big encouragement to the Labour Party at the start of the conference. Its debts are now nearly 18 million. But it is understood that Ms Rowling has indicated she does not want her donation to be used simply to reduce that sum.

Ms Rowling said in her statement， “Gordon Brown has introduced measures that will save as many children as possible from a life lacking in opportunity or choice. The Labour government has changed the long-term trend in child poverty， and is one of the leading EU countries in fighting child poverty.”

“David Camerons promise of tax perks （额外津贴） for the married， on the other hand， reminds me of the Conservative government I experienced as a single parent. The Conservatives still believe married couple is more deserving a financial pat on the head than those struggling， as I once was， to keep their families surviving in difficult times.”

5. What can we know about J. K. Rowling from Paragraph 1？

A. She is a Labour Party member.

B. She is the richest woman in the world.

C. She devotes herself to her motherland.

D. She has made a great donation to the Labour Party.

6. What is the purpose of the donation？

A. To help change child poverty.

B. To help the Labour Party pay off its debts.

C. To reduce the tax burden on married couples.

D. To congratulate the Labour Party conference.

7. What can be inferred from the passage？

A. The Labour Party wont get into debt in the future.

B. Poor families in the country will be no longer taxed.

C. More and more children in the country live in poverty.

D. J. K. Rowling is against the plans to ease the tax burden on married couples.

8. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage？

A. Potter Author J. K. Rowling Gives 1 Million to the Labour

B. Famous Writer on the Sunday Times Rich List

C. Opportunity to Be Offered to the Poor

D. Measures to Get Rid of Poverty

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。每空一词，有两个词是多余的。

appeal attain burden envelope gift

literary overcome status stubborn thus

1. We made an ____ to the villagers for money to build the bridge.

2. He stuck down the ____ and dropped it into the mailbox.

3. She is ____ in writing， so someone says she is born a writer.

4. John finished speaking as though getting rid of a heavy ____ .

5. He was too ____ to admit that he was wrong.

6. Flora was a lot happier after she ____ her fear of meeting new people.

7. He was the eldest son and ____ he looked after his brothers and sisters well.

8. ____ a goal is difficult， and one will never reach it if he or she stops trying.

下列各句均有1个错误，请改正。

1. At the time， I was associated to him in a large law firm which is related to online business. ____

2. He rose to his feet in one swiftly movement in order to catch a little cat which passed him immediately. ____

3. The excellent design which made the designer famous appealed for all ages and social groups. ____

4. The universities have expanded， thus allowed many more people the chance of higher education. ____

1. 通过互相帮助，他们终于克服了重建家园的困难。

2. 没有特殊的工具和智慧，白纸黑字写下的东西是擦不掉的。

3. 这本书被学者欢迎的同时，也立即引起了普通读者的兴趣。

4. 那些报道只限于记录事实，而未加以任何评论。

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Psychologists tell us that there are four basic stages that human beings pass through when they enter and live in a new culture. This process， which helps us to deal with culture shock， is the way our brain and our personality react to the strange new things we encounter when we move from one culture to another.

Culture begins with the “honeymoon stage”. 1 We are thrilled to be in the new environment， seeing new sights， hearing new sounds and language， and eating new kinds of food. This stage can last for quite a long time because we feel we are involved in some kind of great adventure.

2 After we have settled down into our new life， we can become very tired and begin to miss our homeland and our family， friends， pets. All the little problems in life seem to be much bigger and more disturbing when you face them in a foreign culture. 3

The third stage is called the “adjustment stage”. 4

Your sense of humor usually becomes stronger and you realize that you are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things are still difficult， but you are now a survivor！

The fourth stage can be called “at ease at last”. Now you feel quite comfortable in your new surroundings. 5 You may still have problems with the language， but you know you are strong enough to deal with them.

A. You can cope with most problems that occur.

B. Unfortunately， the second stage can be more difficult.

C. You may feel sad， anxious， frustrated， and want to go home.

D. It is extremely difficult to get through the first stage of culture.

E. This is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture.

F. This period of cultural adjustment can be very difficult and lead to the new arrival rejecting or pulling away from the new culture.

G. This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Internet 1 （become） part of young peoples life for about 30 years. A report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet. Most of 2 （they） get useful information on the Internet and use the Internet to help with their studies. But many students dont use it 3 a good way. Some play games too much， and some visit websites they shouldnt look at. So bad things may happen 4 students spend too much time on the Internet.

It is 5 （importance） for students to use the Internet 6

（proper）. Now we have a textbook， which 7 （use） many examples 8 （teach） students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful advice.

Some students also make 9 （friend） on the Internet. But if you want to have a face-to-face 10 （meet） with your online friends， let your parents know and meet in a proper place.

1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8.

9. 10.