浅谈含and的名词、形容词和副词习语

叶晓芳

常州工程职业技术学院基础部，江苏 常州 213164



浅谈含and的名词、形容词和副词习语

叶晓芳*

常州工程职业技术学院基础部，江苏 常州 213164

习语一般是指有特定形式的词组，其所蕴含的意义往往不能从词组中单个词的意思来推测。含and的名词、形容词和副词习语便是如此，它们大都结构简单，但意义深远，因此，往往不能仅从字面意义去理解。

and；名词；形容词；副词；习语

英语中有许多习语是由and连接两个名词、形容词或副词构成的，这些名词、形容词或副词的顺序往往约定俗成。有时，常用的英语习语在结构上会与汉语有着相似之处，但他们的实际意思有时却不是字面意义的简单组合，甚至有可能相差甚远。正确理解并掌握这些习语的意义和用法对提高英语水平有着十分重要的意义，下面就举例加以说明：

1.black and blue遍体鳞伤的；(身上)青一块，紫一块

After the fight，he was black and blue all over.打架之后，他浑身青一块紫一块。

2.dead and gone已死去

Often a genius is recognized only after he is dead and gone. 天才往往在离开人世之后才得到认可。

3.fair and square 公正地；正中目标；公平合理

We won the game fair and square.我们光明正大地赢了这场比赛。

4.few and far between 很少；少见；罕见

Successful women politicians are few and far between.成功的女政治家凤毛麟角。

5.free and easy不拘礼节的，自由自在的；洒脱；清闲自在

The teacher was free and easy with his students.老师不拘小节的和学生们相处.

6.safe and sound 平安无事；平安无恙；无恙

1)He telegraphed that he had arrived in London safe and sound.他电告他已平安抵达伦敦.

2)The fragile china survived the bumpy journey safe and sound.

那批易碎的瓷器经过颠簸的旅途仍完好无损。

7.high and dry 孤苦伶仃；孤立无援，处于困境

1)The old man was left high and dry.这位老人孤苦伶仃。

2)The depression left his business high and dry.不景气使他的生意陷入困境.

8.high and low 到处

I have looked for the letter high and low.我已经到处找过那封信.

9.high and mighty 趾高气扬；神气活现

He became high and mighty after he was made captain of the team.

他成了队长之后变得神气活现。

10.the long and(the)short of it 事实上

The long and short of it is that Jack and Jane have broken their engagement.

总之一句话，杰克和珍妮解除了婚约。

11.meek and mild 逆来顺受的；温和的

The girl is meek and mild，everyone in the family is fond of her.

女孩十分温顺，家里每个人都喜爱她。

12.null and void 无效的；(协议)无法律效力，失效的

A spokeswoman said the agreement had been declared null and void.

女发言人称该协议已宣布无效。

13.rich and poor 贫富

Everyone，rich and poor，is born equal.无论贫富，人生来都是平等的。

14.thick and thin 艰难险阻；任何情况下

1)Our team will go out to help you through thick and thin.

我们的队友将竭尽全力帮助你克服一切艰难险阻。

2)They remained friends through thick and thin.他们在任何情况下都是好朋友。

15.first and foremost重要的是；首要的；第一

I see myself，first and foremost，as a working artist.

我首先还是把自己看作一名艺术工作者。

16.out and away 绝对

He's out and away the cleverest boy in our class.他绝对是我们班上最聪明的学生。

17.good and proper彻底

After that，he broke with his girl-friend good and proper.

自从那件事情发生后，他和他女朋友彻底断绝了关系。

18.black and white 白纸黑字，黑白片；青红皂白；书面形式

1)This is an old film in black and white.这是一部旧的黑白电影。

2)He'd seen the proof in black and white.他已经看过书面证据。

19.bread and butter 生计

I don’t write just for fun-it’s my bread and butter.

我写作并不是为了乐趣，它是我的生财之道。

20.cats and dogs 倾盆大雨

It’s raining cats and dogs.天空下着倾盆大雨。

21.cups and saucers 咖啡杯子和碟子

He placed cups and saucers on the table.他把杯子和茶碟放到桌上.

22.track and field 田径；田径赛

It rained，therefore the track and field meet was put off.

天下雨，因此，运动会延期了。

23.iron and steel 钢铁

Wealthy countries restrain the export of scrap iron and steel.

富裕的国家限制出口废钢铁。

24.in twos and threes 三三两两

The students of Class C came into the class in twos and threes.

C班的学生三三两两地走进了班级。

25.ups and downs 沉浮，起伏，盛衰

Every relationship has a lot of ups and downs.每段感情都有许多起伏。

26.up and down 上上下下；起落

He eyed him up and down.他上下打量着他。

27.pros and cons 利弊；正反两方面；优缺点；赞成和反对的理由

They sat for hours debating the pros and cons of setting up their own firm.

他们在一起坐了数小时，讨论自己创办公司的利弊。

28.wheel and deal 玩弄手段；投机钻研

Mr.Smith likes to wheel and deal everywhere he goes.

史密斯先生不论到哪儿都喜欢想法赚别人的钱.

尽管含and的名词、形容词和副词习语还有很多，以上例句已足够说明，英语学习者一定要彻底弄清楚这些习语的确切含义，切不可牵强附会，望文生义。

[1]www.iciba.com.

叶晓芳(1978-)，女，江苏泰兴人，常州工程职业技术学院基础部，讲师，研究方向：英语教学法。

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