地塞米松与替硝唑局部注射用于下颌阻生齿拔出的临床效果

杜凡

[摘要] 目的 探讨地塞米松与替硝唑局部注射用于下颌阻生齿拔除手术后的临床效果。方法 随机选取2012年1月—2014年12月收治的拔除下颌阻生齿手术后的病人共100例，随机分为实验组与常规组，每组有50例。实验组采用局部注射地塞米松与替硝唑，常规组术后不给予局部注射地塞米松与替硝唑治疗，对比两组病人的临床应用效果，包括张口受限程度与局部肿胀程度。 结果 治疗之后实验组0度张口困难有29例，常规组有12例；II度张口困难的患者在实验组仅仅有1例，而在常规组有13例，实验组患者张口受限程度低于常规组， 差异有统计学意义 （P<0.05）。治疗之后实验组病人的局部肿胀情况有23例轻度病人，常规组有13例轻度病人；实验组的重度病人仅仅有2例，而常规组却有14例的重度病人。实验组病人的局部肿胀情况低于常规组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 进行下颌阻生齿拔除手术后的病人给予地塞米松联合替硝唑局部注射的临床治疗效果满意，能够显著降低病人的张口困难程度及局部肿胀情况 ，制定临床推广应用。

[关键词] 地塞米松；替硝唑；下颌阻生齿；局部注射

[中图分类号] R78 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2015）09（c）-0104-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of tinidazole dexamethasone and local injection for clinical effect of mandibular impacted tooth extraction after operation. Methods 100 cases of extracting impacted mandibular third molar surgery patients from 2012 January to 2014 December were divided into experimental group and conventional group， each group had 50 cases. Under the premise that the informed consent of patients， the experimental group was treated with local injection of dexamethasone and Tinidazole，） in the routine group not given topical injection of dexamethasone and tinidazole in treatment， the clinical effect of the patients in the two groups were compared， including the limitation of mouth opening and local swelling degree. Results After treatment experimental group 0 degrees of difficulty in opening mouth， 29 cases， 12 cases in the control group； II degree of trismus in patients in the experimental group， only 1 case， and in the conventional group have 13 cases. Patients in the experimental group limited mouth opening degree lower than normal group， the difference was statistically significant （P< 0.05）. The treatment after experimental local swelling in the patient group with 23 cases of patients with mild and routine group has 13 cases of patients with mild； experimental group of severe patients only in 2 cases， and conventional group has 14 cases of severe patients. The local swelling of the patients was lower than that of the conventional group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Mandibular impacted tooth extraction surgery patients give the clinical therapeutic effect of local injection of dexamethasone combined with tinidazole is satisfied and can significantly reduce the patient's difficulty in opening mouth extent and local swelling， formulation of clinical application.

[Key words] Dexamethasone； Tinidazole； Mandibular teeth； Local injection

下颌阻生齿是临床上口腔科就诊患者中的常见就诊原因，其发病原因一般认为与患者的咀嚼能力降低相关[1]，下颌阻生齿产生后，患者往往出现感染，甚至流脓情况，出现淋巴结肿大，甚至出现体温升高等情况[2]。临床治疗方法多数支持拔牙等操作，但是下颌阻生齿的生长位置比较特殊，手术之后往往出现感染、疼痛及张口困难等并发症，对患者的生活质量产生严重不良影响[3]。因此，如何减少并发症对患者的治疗效果具有重要意义，鉴于以上认识，随机选取该医院2012年1月—2014年12月期间，给予拔除下颌阻生齿手术后的病人共100例，把术后患者分为两组，常规组给予常规处理，实验组患者给予地塞米松与替硝唑局部注射的治疗方式，取得了满意的结果，现报道如下。