口岸经济来到咱身边

口岸经济来到咱身边

去年9月，随着“渝新欧”首趟原装进口汽车整车班列抵达重庆沙坪坝团结村，重庆铁路口岸正式宣告挂牌运行。现在，重庆是中国内陆地区唯一一个拥有航空、水运、铁路三大类国家级口岸的城市，立体口岸体系逐步趋于完善。

逐步趋于完善的立体口岸体系，改变着重庆对外开放的格局，也改变着重庆人的生活。“口岸经济”也从一个对大多数重庆人来说的陌生名词，成为了重庆人必须要重视的一个大领域。

2014年9月1日，市委书记孙政才在调研重庆铁路口岸建设和运行情况时强调，要壮大口岸经济，加快建设内陆开放高地。根据研究，未来“十三五”乃至更长时间，口岸经济将成为重庆经济社会发展的强劲动力和引擎。

什么是口岸和口岸经济？口岸的本意是指由国家指定的对外通商的沿海港口。这就是说，以前的口岸几乎都在沿海。但现在不一样了，内陆城市重庆也有了口岸。现在口岸的含义也广多了，不仅仅是经济贸易往来(即通商)的商埠，还包括政治、外交、科技、文化、旅游和移民等方面的往来港口。简单地说，口岸就是由国家指定对外往来的“门户”，是国际货物运输的枢纽。从某种程度上说，它是一种特殊的国际物流结点。口岸经济是以口岸为核心，直接或间接依托口岸而存在和发展的跨行业、跨地域、多层次的复合型经济。

拥有对外通商的口岸是一个国家或地区开放的标志和平台。从1980年重庆市第一个对外开放的一类口岸——重庆港水运口岸诞生，到现在重庆已经拥有重庆江北国际机场航空口岸、寸滩港水运口岸、团结村铁路口岸三大一类口岸。口岸经济的发展，将极大地带动重庆经济社会跨越发展。

然而现在，口岸经济实实在在地来到了咱老百姓身边：买奢侈品、洋品牌，你不用跑国外，就到重庆保税商品展示交易中心即可；买国际大牌轿车，你不用到德国，也不用到天津、上海、广州港口提货，就在重庆的团结村就可以提车，而且价格还能低一两成；买进口水果、肉类，你直接到重庆寸滩的进口水果及肉类制定口岸即可……

口岸就在咱家门口。如今，在重庆人的生活理念中，就多了一项思维：口岸经济。口岸经济对重庆人来说虽然还是一个新领域，但你必须树立这样一个意识：口岸经济已经来到我们身边，这不仅关系到咱老百姓买外国货、奢侈品、高档轿车，还和我们找工作、创业以及企业拓展等息息相关。口岸经济将深度影响重庆未来的发展。

有专家说，没有产业的“口岸”与“经济”必然是割裂的，没有产业支撑的口岸经济只能是“过路经济”，是不可持续的。最近，重庆提出了依托口岸大力发展的十大产业业态，包括高端制造业态、贸易新业态、现代服务业态、现代物流业态、跨境旅游会展业态等等，这些在未来都会与咱老百姓息息相关。

口岸经济，就在咱老百姓身边。

唐 纲

Port Economy Comes to Chongqing

Last September, as the first Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe train of originally imported cars arrived at Tuanjie Village, Shapingba, Chongqing, the Chongqing Railway Port was officially inaugurated. Now, Chongqing is the only city with national-level air, water and railway ports in the Chinese hinterland and its three-dimensional port system is being completed.

The ever-improving three dimensional port system is changing Chongqing’s landscape of opening-up as well as its lifestyle. Being a new area, the “port economy” is also a key area requiring local people’s attention.

On September 1, 2014, Sun Zhengcai, Secretary of the CPC Chongqing Committee stressed during a site tour to Chongqing’s railway port construction and operation that we need to strengthen the port economy and accelerate the construction of an inland highland of opening-up. According to the research, in the 13th Five Year Plan period and a long time in the future, the port economy will become a strong impetus and engine toward economic and social development in Chongqing.

So, what are ports and port economy? The term “port” was once literally the coastal wharf assigned by the country for foreign trade, which means that the previous ports were almost located by the sea. Now it is different. Though an inland city, Chongqing has its own port too. The word means not only a trading port for economic transactions, but also indicates an exchange port for politics, diplomacy, technology, culture, tourism and immigration. Simply put, ports are “portals” assigned by the country for foreign exchange and hubs for international cargo transportation. To some degree, it is a special international logistics node. Port economy is a composite economy cored upon the port and exists and thrives by direct or indirect reliance on the port.

Owning foreign trade ports are an icon and a platform for the opening-up of a country or a region. From the birth of Chongqing Water Port, the first opened Class-I port in Chongqing in 1980 to three Class-I ports of Jiangbei International Airport, Cuntan Water Port and Tuanjie Village Railway Port, one can easily see Chongqing’s economic and social leaps.

Today, port economy has tangibly come to us. One does not need to travel abroad to buy luxuries and foreign brands, Chongqing Bonded Commodity Display and Transaction Center will suffice. Delivery of world renowned sedans does not necessarily happen in Tianjin, Shanghai or Guangzhou ports, but here in Tuanjie Village, Chongqing with 10% or 20% discount. Consumers looking for imported fruits and meat can just step into the imported fruit and meat port in Cuntan...

The port is already here. Today, Chongqing people have one new idea in daily life: port economy. Though a new area, we must realize: port economy is just around us, which is not only relevant to our purchase of foreign commodities, luxuries and premium cars, but also relevant to employment, entrepreneurship and business development. Port economy will deeply influence the future development of Chongqing.

According to some experts, the port without industry can never develop well, which means port economy unsupported with industry is quite transient and not sustainable. Recently, Chongqing calls for 10 major industrial modes based on ports, including high-end manufacturing mode, new trade mode, modern service industry mode, modern logistics mode and cross border tourism and exposition mode, etc, which will have direct impact on people’s life in the future.

Port economy is right here with us.

Tang Gang