松鹤墓园接待中心，上海，中国

建筑设计：张斌，周蔚/致正建筑工作室Architects： ZHANG Bin， ZHOU Wei/Atelier Z+

松鹤墓园接待中心，上海，中国

建筑设计：张斌，周蔚/致正建筑工作室
Architects： ZHANG Bin， ZHOU Wei/Atelier Z+

1 西侧外观/View from the west

2 区位/Location

接待中心位于松鹤墓园的核心位置，东临墓区主干道，北靠墓区停车场，南、西两侧都紧邻墓园。作为墓园内的主要公共建筑，接待中心集业务接待、入葬仪式和办公管理等多种功能于一体，承担了平日的市民购墓、入葬和祭扫事务接待，以及清明、冬至两大高峰时节的大流量接待工作。由于场地有限，同时面对道路和墓园的外向视野或缺乏特色、或不宜引入，让我们在一开始就坚定了“内向性”的策略选择，用江南传统的“宅园”结构中的多重围院模式来组织空间，院落与厅室相依相生，并依托内向的、有差异的庭院景观与使用方式创造出宁静、平和、冥想性的空间氛围。

整个场地分成相互串联的、由院墙限定的4组庭院：居中的大庭院里横亘的是18m跨度的业务接待大厅，四周都有庭院环绕，大厅北、西两侧的透明界面使空间完全向庭院延展。接待区以北是包含有大小两个葬仪厅的落葬仪式区，每个葬仪厅都坐落于专属的庭院空间内，之间以曲廊连接。接待区以南的一组院落里是由数个穿插并置体量曲折串联起来的办公会议区，大小会议厅居中向南突出俯瞰整个墓区，两侧的办公室都配有曲折变化的小尺度庭院。接待区和葬仪区的东侧沿路部分布置的是包含有花店、小卖部为葬仪及祭扫服务的配套服务楼；它和其他3个部分之间正好形成两个内凹的入口庭院，分别对应东侧临路的主入口和北侧通停车场的次入口。

庭院景观的设计在整个项目中具有关键性的作用，并奠定了不同区域的空间氛围基调。北侧葬仪区的庭院全部白砂铺地，不种植物，院内沉寂空灵，透过落地长窗与全白的葬仪厅室内融为一体。南侧办公会议区的庭院草木茂盛，生机盎然，与葬仪区的素简形成一种对仗关系。中部接待区的庭院兼有南北两侧的素简与生机，将植有高大乔木的居中石板铺地平台与两侧植有睡莲的水池结合在一起，沉静中透出灵动的气息；接待大厅前的入口庭院居中于坡道，两侧跌水结合种植，运用与接待区庭院相似的手法在进入建筑之前就营造出别有洞天、引人入胜的气氛。

围合与限定这些庭院的厅室及院墙的物质形式与构造方式也延续了整体上平和大度而又精巧雅致的设计思路。控制建筑形态的主要元素是高低错落、出檐深远而又轻盈的深灰色规则双坡陶瓦屋面。外立面上二层窗台以下的基座部分及院墙都是带有深色条石压顶与勒脚的浅灰色干挂花岗石墙面，二层窗台以上至屋檐以下的墙面则是带有幽暗光泽的竖向锁边的深灰色氧化钛锌板，只有在接待大厅的北、西两侧运用了通高的玻璃幕墙，为大厅引入更多的庭院景观。接待大厅的室内设计也是本项目的一大重点，铺地、墙面及大厅一侧纵向展开的长长的接待台都使用了温润的米灰色大理石满铺，与坡屋面下吊顶的桧木饰面吸音板相得益彰，更显出大厅的宜人氛围。大厅西端的一部分地面略有下沉，是玻璃隔断分隔的收银后台及大堂经理用房，其上的夹层是从屋面结构上悬挂下来的、全部由双层半透明夹纸玻璃包裹的贵宾洽谈包房。大厅屋顶在通高部分和有夹层部分之间利用屋脊位置的落差，在两片屋顶之间形成一个横向的高侧窗采光带，为大厅深处引入了自然光线。□

3 北侧仪式入口/North entrance

The reception center is located in the center of Songhe Cemetery， along the main road on the east and the parking lot on the north， and adjacent to the cemetery on both the south and west sides. As the main public building in the cemetery， the reception center holds multiple functions. It serves as a business center， a burial ceremony space and an administrative place， providing services for customers on tomb purchases， burial ceremonies， and grave tributes， including serving large crowds for tombsweeping on special days as Qingming and Dongzhi.

Due to the lack of space and unappealing surrounding environment， the design determinately strives to create a calm， peaceful and introverted space from the very beginning. Models of traditional "residential garden" in regions south of the Yangtze River were used as design prototype to organize rooms， courtyards and landscapes interdependently to each other.

The whole site is divided into four interconnected courtyards defined by walls. In the central courtyard sits the business reception hall spanning eighteen meters and surrounded by courtyards all around. The glass walls on the north and west sides allows the inner space flowing into the outer courtyard. To the north of the reception hall， a burial ceremony area is located with two funeral rooms， one large and one small. Each room is jointed with its own courtyard and connected to the other with zigzag corridors. The offices and conference center are on the south side with interconnected volumes. The conference halls in the center extruding southward overlook the whole cemetery， while the offices on the sides are adjoined with small courtyards with diversified scenes. The administration building is located to the east of the reception and ceremony areas，equipped with a flower shop， a canteen and service areas for funeral and tomb-sweeping. These four zones create two concave entrance courtyards， with one facing the main entrance by the road on the east side and the other connected with the secondary entrance leading to the parking lot to the north.

The landscape design of the courtyards plays a key role， which sets different tones for each zone. The courtyard by the funeral area in the north is paved with pure white gravels with no vegetation. It is a tranquil and spiritual place merged with the pure white interior space of the burial ceremony hall through the floor-high long windows. The courtyard by the administrative area in the south is filled with lush vegetation and vitality，which makes a strong contrast to the simple yet elegant funeral area. The characters of the central courtyard are both graceful and vibrate. Slate platform with large trees is connected with water lily ponds， revealing sensitivity in stillness. The front yard has a ramp in the center with cascades and plants on both sides， creating a space with charm， beauty and respect.

The material selection and construction methods of the rooms， which enclose and define the courtyards，are also complied with the above simple yet elegant design approach. The main element to shape the architectural form is the dark grey double-slope roofs with clay tiles， whose deep and light eaves are arrangedrhythmically. The façades below the second-floor windowsills， as well as all walls around the courtyards are decorated with light grey dry-hung granite panels，with dark stones defining the plinth and the coping of the walls. The façades above the second-floor windowsills and below the eaves use Titanium-Zinc panels with a dark metallic sheen. Glass walls are only used on the north and west sides of the reception hall to bring in more landscape views from the courtyards.

The interior design of the reception hall is also a focus of the project. The floor， the walls and the long reception desk， which extends along one side of the hall， all use warm beige granite. Ceilings under the pitched roof is covered with juniper acoustic panels. These materials match each other and together create a pleasant atmosphere. The floor on the west side of the hall sinks slightly. This area is used as the cashier's desk and lobby manager's office divided by glass partitions. The mezzanine above this area is suspended from the roof structure and used as VIP rooms，which are enclosed by translucent laminated glass sandwiched with paper. A horizontal high window is designed using the height difference between the two roof ridges， which brings natural light into the hall. □

4 仪式入口庭院/Ceremony entrance courtyard

5 接待区庭院/The courtyard by the reception

6 接待大厅和办公区之间的庭院/The courtyard between the reception hall and the office

7 轴测图/Axonometric drawing

8 首层平面/Floor 0 plan

1-业务接待大厅/Reception hall

2-客户休息室/Client Lounge

3-大落葬司仪室/Big funeral chamber

4-小落葬司仪室/Small funeral chamber

5-办公室/Office

6-员工休息室/Staff lounge

7-接待室/Reception room

8-会议室/Meeting room

9-礼仪组/Protocol room

10-小卖部/Shop

11-储藏室/Storage

12-配电间/Switch room

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client： 上海市嘉定区松鹤墓园/Shanghai Songhe Cemetery

项目建筑师/Project Architects： 袁怡（方案设计）/YUAN Yi（Schematic Design），金燕琳（初步设计、施工图设计、室内设计、景观设计）/JIN Yanlin（Development Design， Constructional Drawing Design， Interior Design & Landscape Design）

设计团队/Design Team： 李佳，何斌，李姿娜，杨敏，王佳绮，何茜，麻宇翔，廉馥宁，王晨曦/ LI Jia， HE Bin， LI Zina， YANG Min， WANG Jiaqi， HE Qian， MA Yuxiang， LIAN Funing， WANG Chenxi

合作设计/Cooperation： 上海伊腾建筑设计有限公司/ Shanghai Yiteng Architectural Design Co.， Ltd.

承建方/Construction： 上海均泰建筑工程有限公司/ Shanghai Juntai Architectural Construction Co.， Ltd.

主要用途/Program： 殡葬设施/Mortuary Service

造价/Cost： 4，000，000 RMB

结构形式/Structure： 钢筋混凝土框架结构（局部钢结构）/Reinforced Concrete Frame （Steel Structure in part）

建筑层数/Floor Number： 地上2层/2 floors above ground

材料/Materials： 干挂花岗石材，钛锌板，陶瓦，平板玻璃，夹纸玻璃，大理石，木质饰面吸音板板，塑木板/ Granite panel cladding， titanium-zinc sheeting， clay tiles，slab glass， laminated glass sandwiched with paper， marble，wood veneer acoustic panel， wood plastic composite panel场地面积/Site Area： 6823m2

基底面积/Building Area： 3095m2

建筑面积/Floor Area： 4936m2

设计时间/Design Period： 2011.10-2014.10

建造时间/Construction Period：2013.06-2014.11

摄影/Photos： 页景/YE Jing

9.10 剖面/Sections

11 业务接待大厅/Reception hall

评论

胡越：这是一组设计细腻、朴实的建筑。简约的略带江南韵味的建筑形态，以及低矮的建筑和多重院落构成的复杂的室外空间，弱化了殡仪建筑通常所呈现的某种表情。我想这恰恰是这类建筑应该表达的氛围，静穆中带着某种亲和力，从而可以消除人们对于死亡的恐惧感。

刘晨：电影《非诚勿扰2》里，葛优带奄奄一息的孙洪雷去看墓地，看着看着，孙洪雷说：“不看了！活着挤来挤去，死了还睡大通铺！”这松鹤墓园让我一下子想起了“大通铺”。戏谑的是，新建的接待大厅倒宽绰、宁静、优美得奢侈，睡大通铺的若泉下有知，那羡慕嫉妒恨还不让他们集体造反，来个大迁徙？可转念一想，生死永隔，好比参商不见。“托体同山阿”，不过是生者的自我安慰。那边的大通铺还是要睡的，这边的礼仪也还是要尽的，越宁静幽美越好。

Comment

HU Yue: This a complex of delicate and austere buildings. The simple architectural form borrows a slight taste of styles found south of the Yangtze River， but the low buildings and the complex commercial space，composed of multiple-layered courtyards， weakens the expression that funerary architecture usually presents. However， I do think that this is indeed the right atmosphere for this type of architecture to convey，a certain degree of affinity of solemnity and quietness designed to eliminate people's fear of death.

LIU Chen: We live in a crowded world. It seems that when we die， the situation is not getting any better：we will find ourselves lay head to toe in endless arrays of deathbeds. But here， at the Songhe Cemetery， the crowdedness of the dead forms such an ironic contrast to the luxurious ampleness and serenity of the newly completed reception hall that the dead would resurrect to embark on an exodus， had they had feelings. That is not going to happen， given the impassable barrier between life and death. The living beings， like the ancient poet Tao Yuanming， resort to Taoism only for temporary self-relief. As long as we choose to be buried as the others， crowdedness seems unavoidable. So does a proper ritual to be held in a proper space， the ampler and the serener， the better.

Reception Center for Songhe Cemetery， Shanghai， China， 2014

12 落葬司仪室/Funeral chamber

13 贵宾洽谈包房/VIP room