番茄穴盘苗组织-N阈值的初步研究

2015-06-15尚庆茂

植物营养与肥料学报 2015年3期

梁欢，尚庆茂

(农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室，中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所，北京 100081)

梁欢，尚庆茂*

(农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室，中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所，北京 100081)

多孔一体式穴盘育苗具有节能、省力、适合机械化操作、生产效率高等显著特点，是我国蔬菜集约化育苗的主要形式。与传统营养钵育苗相比，穴盘育苗采用的人工混配轻型基质，通气孔隙度增大，单株基质容量减小，管理不当极易导致幼苗矿质养分盈亏，实时准确判断蔬菜穴盘苗养分状况对壮苗育成至关重要。目前，蔬菜矿质营养诊断方法主要分为培养介质(包括土壤和人工混配基质)分析法和组织分析法[1-2]，介质分析仅能反映根系可从介质获得的潜在营养水平，分析结果常因取样方法、贮存条件和养分提取技术而产生偏差。组织分析剔除了介质特性、环境因素对矿质养分吸收的影响，更能直接反映植株矿质营养状况，研究与应用也更加广泛。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料

共采集了番茄17个品种，‘中杂9号’(Zhongza 9)、‘中杂15号’(Zhongza 15)、‘中杂101号’(Zhongza 101)、‘中杂105号’(Zhongza 105)、‘中杂106号’(Zhongza 106)、‘中杂108号’(Zhongza 108)、‘中杂109号’(Zhongza 109)、‘美樱2号’(Meiying 2)、‘北京樱桃番茄’(Beijing cherry tomato)来自中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所。‘佳红4号’(Jiahong 9)、‘佳红5号’(Jiahong 5)、‘佳粉18号’(Jiafen 18)、‘硬粉8号’(Yingfen 8)、‘仙客1号’(Xianke 1)、‘仙客5号’(Xianke 5)、‘京丹红小果’(Jingdan red cherry tomato)、‘京丹黄小果’(Jingdan yellow cherry tomato)来自北京京研益农科技发展中心。

化学测定所用试剂均购自国药集团化学试剂北京有限公司，AR级。

1.2 试验设计

1.3 测定方法

每重复随机选取番茄穴盘苗25株，将下胚轴、茎(子叶节至顶端生长点)、各叶位叶柄和叶片分别取样，剪成1 cm小段(下胚轴、茎、叶柄)或1 cm×1 cm小块(叶片)，压蒜器榨取汁液，收集至1.5 mL离心管，4℃冰箱保存备测。

采用Microsoft Excel 2003和SAS 9.2进行统计分析。

2 结果与分析

3 讨论

4 结论

表4 番茄穴盘苗不同组织-N阈值

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LIANG Huan, SHANG Qing-mao*

(KeyLaboratoryofBiologyandGeneticImprovementofHorticulturalCrops,MinistryofAgriculture;InstituteofVegetablesandFlowers,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Beijing100081,China)