Introduction to the Application of Cooperative Learning in English Teaching of Junior Middle School

彭欣

【Abstract】In the traditional teaching，English teaching is affected by examination-oriented education ideas，classroom teaching is used of non-computer majors and cramming methods.Adjust the emotion and strategy during the learning process，to form a positive learning attitude and improve language practical application ability.Cooperative learning is based on the requirement of new curriculum reform to arise at the historic moment of new classroom teaching mode.

【Keywords】Cooperative Learning；Junior Middle School English；Application

1.Cooperative Learning

“Cooperative learning is an important strategy of implementing subject developmental classroom teaching.Students interactions are the main characteristics of the cooperative learning.“Cooperative learning is a collective activity，in this activity，the individuals need to work together to reach a common goal，in class，cooperative learning is mostly produced in the form of group.” In other words，cooperative learning is not to make students “go it alone”，but to teach the students to learn cooperation with group members on the basis of autonomous learning，so as to finish the target task more effectively.

“Cooperative learning as a teaching form，which is beneficial to create a loose and free study environment，makes the students learning autonomy have a play space，so that their individualities have been fully developed，in a sense，cooperative learning can effectively improve the classroom teaching effect.” It is beyond doubt that cooperative learning plays a practical significance in junior middle school English classroom teaching.

2.Organization Principle of Cooperation Learning

“Effective cooperative learning group between team members can form the open and inclusive learning environment，so as to form mutual encouragement between team members.” Therefore，in the cooperative learning，need to insist the following principles：

Dominance Principle：in English class teaching，the student is the main body of learning.English teaching purpose is to let students act and develop under the guidance of the teacher through a variety of practical activities.Therefore，dominance principle is the core principle of cooperative learning.Instruction Principle：teaching process is the process of teachers and students interaction，in this process，the teacher is the organizer of teaching activities，the inductor of the students learning process，teachers need to use the medium of teaching material in teaching to guide students to explore and learn knowledge by means of problems，situation and discussion，and structure the knowledge with the method of cooperation in the exploring.Therefore，in cooperative learning，the teachers leading role has not been weakened.

3.Application of Cooperative Learning in Junior Middle School English Teaching

Implementing cooperative learning in junior middle school English classroom teaching should be on the basis of organizing the group，after organizing the group；the teacher should guide the students through a certain task，to let the students finish the tasks in the cooperation，after finishing the tasks，the teacher can reveal，summarize，conclude the results and cultivate the students ability of applying English to solve the problem through practice.

3.1 Constructing Group Reasonably

Constructing cooperative learning group reasonably is not only the basis of students cooperation，but also the basic method to realize group cooperation of students.Pay attention to rational combination，combining the introverted students with the talkative and outgoing students，students of bad result with ones of good result，and notice the proportion of men and women，to ensure that the students can complement each other，help each other，develop intelligence and cultivate abilities，so that the group cooperation can succeed in the short run.

3.2 Proposed Cooperation Task

After organizing the group，the teachers should propose the tasks which need to be finished by group according to the specific teaching objectives and teaching content.In this process，teaching objectives and students situation are the starting point of the target task.

3.4Revealing，Summary，Conclusion and Application

After the students cooperating learning，the teacher should guide the students reveal their achievement of cooperative learning in groups，meanwhile，under the guidance of the teacher，let the students summarize their achievements，at the same time，the teacher should promote the students to apply the knowledge they learnt by practice activities.The purpose is to guide the students to learn how to use the knowledge on the basis of summary.

To sum up，in the junior middle school English classroom teaching，regard the concept of new curriculum reform as guidance，the cooperative learning as the teaching organizing method，let students participate in cooperative learning on the basis of independent study，which cannot only arouse the students interest of learning effectively，increase students subject consciousness and improve students participation，but also promote to cultivate the students to apply English skills.In the practice of teaching，the teacher should organize the students in cooperative learning according to the specific teaching requirements，which can promote the development of students.

References

[1]Lavin，R.E.（1995）.Cooperative learning：Theory，Research and Practice.London：Pearson

[2]Wang qiang（2006）.A Course in English Language Teaching.Beijing：Higher education press

[3]王坦.合作学习的理念和实践[M].北京：中国人事出版社，2002.