山楂叶螨种名订正的建议

杨春红,孙菲,谢丽霞,尹淑艳

山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018

山楂叶螨种名订正的建议

杨春红,孙菲,谢丽霞,尹淑艳*

山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018

1997年，法国学者Navajas等基于COI和ITS2序列以及形态特征分析发现，山楂叶螨Tetranychus viennensis Zacher与叶螨属中的其他种差别较大，建议恢复1931年Oudemans建立的双叶螨属Amphitetranychus，将Tetranychus viennensis Zacher改为Amphitetranychus viennensis(Zacher)。此后，世界许多国家的研究者采用了这种新的分类系统。为了便于不同国家研究者之间的信息交流，有必要将这一信息传达给中国的研究者，并建议中国的研究者也采用此分类系统。

山楂叶螨;叶螨属;双叶螨属;种名订正

山楂叶螨是我国北方落叶果树的主要害螨，以各活动螨态群集于叶片背面吸食汁液，危害严重时常引起叶片提早脱落，甚至引起二次发芽、二次开花，不仅使当年果品产量大幅度降低，而且严重削弱树势，对以后几年的产量也有较大影响[1]。

自1920年Zacher为山楂叶螨定名（Tetranychus viennensis）以来，山楂叶螨的归属问题几经更改：1931年，Oudemans建立了一个新属——双叶螨属Amphitetranychus，将山楂叶螨归为该属，1950年，Reck又将其归为叶螨属Tetranychus，1956年Ehara又采用了Oudemans的分类系统，1960年，Wainstein将Amphitetranychus设为叶螨属的亚属[2]。1997年，Navajas基于COI和ITS2序列分析了叶螨属中一些种的系统发育关系，分析物种中包括山楂叶螨Tetranychus viennensis Zacher和与山楂叶螨形态相似的Tetranychus quercivorus Ehara&Gotoh。在基于COI和ITS2序列构建的系统发育树上，Tetranychus viennensis与Tetranychus quercivorus聚在一起，而独立于叶螨属其他种所在的分支之外。进一步的形态观察发现，Tetranychus viennensis与Tetranychus quercivorus雌、雄螨的所有足的爪间突均缺少背中毛，气门沟末端呈网状，而叶螨属其他种雌螨或雄螨足的爪间突背中毛可见，气门沟末端弯曲。分子与形态数据趋同，作者建议恢复Oudemans建立的双叶螨属Amphitetranychus，山楂叶螨Tetranychus viennensis及Tetranychus quercivorus应归属于Amphitetranychus[3]。

自1997年Navajas的文章发表以来，法国、日本、伊朗、土耳其、荷兰等国家的学者纷纷采用他的分类系统，将山楂叶螨的学名改为Amphitetranychus viennensis(Zacher)[4-13]，但目前我们国家除了南京农业大学洪晓月教授实验室的研究人员[14,15]之外，大部分研究者还是沿用原来的学名。为了与国际接轨，便于不同国家研究者之间的信息交流，建议中国的研究者也将山楂叶螨的学名改为Amphitetranychus viennensis。

参考文献

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RecommendationfortheRevisionofHawthornSpiderMiteScientificName

YANG Chun-hong,SUN Fei,XIE Li-xia,YIN Shu-yan*
College of Plant Protection/Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,China

In 1997,based on the analysis of COI and ITS2 sequences and morphological characteristics,Navajas et al.found that Tetranychus viennensis Zacher was different distinctively from other species in Tetranychus.They proposed that the genus Amphitetranychus created by Oudemans in 1931 should be restored and this genus should include Amphitetranychus viennensis.From then on,researchers in many countries adopted this new classification system.In order to facilitate the exchange of information among researchers of different countries,it is necessary to convey this information to the researchers in China.We recommend that Chinese researchers should adopt this classification system.

Hawthorn spider mite;Tetranychus;Amphitetranychus;revision of scientific name

Q969.91

A

1000-2324(2015)05-0783-2

2015-04-03

2015-04-20

山东省科技发展计划项目(J14LE14);国家自然基金项目(31401957)

杨春红(1989-),女,硕士研究生,从事昆虫与螨类分子生物学研究.E-mail:1058190454@qq.com*通讯作者:Author for correspondence.E-mail:shuyany@163.com