“先完意，后完形”，英语完形填空解题策略

孙伟珍

完形填空旨在阅读的基础上综合考查学生的逻辑思维能力和对具体语境的把握能力。 “得阅读者，得高分”，殊不知，完形填空更是一道高高的“门槛”，考生如果迈不过这道“门槛”，怎能得高分？

总攻略：“先完意，后完形”

考生要先理解作者的写作意图和文章的主旨大意，再依据词汇知识、句型知识和逻辑常识来做出判断。

1.浏览全文，花2～3分钟的时间进行缺词阅读，重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件，即who，when，where，what。

2.注意首段和结尾段以及每个段落的首句，这样有利于把握文章的结构和主旨大意。

3.先填上固定搭配、习惯表达等较容易的选项，对语境和语义还不太明确的选项，则要结合上下文，反复推敲。

撒手锏一：了解文章结构，联系全文，不能脱离上下文语境。

【典例1】（2014年安徽卷）

Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring， but I

38 to catch a taxi to my 39 and settle in. Next morning， I took another 40 to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs.

...At the end of the day， she returned to take me back to my accommodation.

38.A. intended B. promised

C. managed D. deserved

39.A. hospital B. company

C. university D. accommodation

40.A. colleague B. passenger C. suitcase D. taxi

【点拨】38题考查动词词义辨析和上下文照应。intend打算、意图，promise允诺，manage设法做到，deserve应该得到。来到这个阳光灿烂的地方，旅途让人很疲惫，但我还是设法找到一辆出租车，乘车来到我的住宿点。故C项正确。

39题考查上下文照应。根据take me back to my accommodation可知，我乘坐出租车来到住宿点。故D项正确。

40题从 another这个单词可知，我又找了一辆出租车去购物中心买纪念品。故D项正确。

【典例2】（2014年天津卷）

For almost four years， my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening Id eagerly wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day. A phone call， however， could never replace her 22 and it was difficult not to feel lonely at times.

A. patience B. presence

C. intelligence D. influence

【点拨】这题考查语境照应。patience耐心，presence在场、在家，intelligence智力，influence影响。虽然我每天都和妈妈通电话，但是仅仅通电话完全不能代替妈妈在场，说明我很希望妈妈在我身边。故B项正确。

撒手锏二：掌握常见的固定搭配，包括介词与动词的搭配、动词与宾语的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等。

【典例3】（2014年全国新课标卷I）

For example， on Christmas morning， children are excited about 43 with their new toys.

A. working B. living C. playing D. going

【点拨】work with与某人一起工作，live with同居、忍受，paly with玩耍，go with与……相配套。孩子们对新玩具总是很兴奋，从句子意思可知，C项正确。

【典例4】（2014年全国新课标卷II）

They couldnt see or hear each other and， 28 ， Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）.

A. by mistake B. by chance C. by the way

D. by luck

【点拨】by mistake错误地，by chance偶然地，by the way 顺便说一下，by luck侥幸。根据Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice可知，Simon错误地把他的朋友推到峭壁边上。故A项正确。

撒手锏三： 文中无闲句，句中无闲词，注意文中表示分类、对比、从属、并列等关系的词语。

【典例5】（2014年天津卷）

It was then 25 I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on 26 family and work.

25. A. when B. where C. which D. that

【点拨】这是一个强调句句型，强调的是时间状语then。故D项正确。

【课后巩固】

My 8-year-old son Kevin has made friends with some boys in the neighborhood. He has been 1 with them after school. My wife Qugen and I are 2 he has other kids to be with and we have 3 and encouraged him to play with his friends. We also want Kevin to learn 4 ， so we have asked him to tell us 5 hes going and to come home at a specified time.

The 6 started when Kevin didnt come home on time. On one occasion， I asked Kevin to be back at 18：00. By 18：30， I needed to go 7 him. I found him at a friends house， and he looked 8 that he couldnt continue playing. After we came home， I sat Kevin down for a talk about the 9 of keeping his word. I told him I was not worried about him arriving a few 10 late， but after half an hour， Im going to be 11 . He told me he understood.

The next day， I came home from work at about 18：30. Qugen asked me to go and get Kevin 12 she said he should be back home at 18：00 . I walked to his friends house and a look of 13 appeared on Kevins face when he came to the door.

At 14 ， Qugen and I spoke to Kevin about why he didn't come home on time again. He said he just wanted to 15 playing. This was 16 ， so Qugen and I decided to ground him for a week. This 17 no playing with his friends.

For the next week， whenever his friends came to ask for Kevin， we let him 18 to them that he was grounded. We felt this would help him be responsible for his 19 .

As a 20 ， I believe one of the most important things we can teach our kids is self-responsibility and that actions have consequences.

1. A. studying B. playing C. chatting D. quarreling

2. A. glad B. lucky C. worried D. sure

3. A. made B. allowed C. trained D. forced

4. A. amusements B. communication C. honesty D. responsibility

5. A. when B. why C. where D. whenever

6. A. changes B. conflicts C. worries D. problems

7. A. looking for B. picking up C. waiting for D. calling up

8. A. angry B. nervous C. disappointed D. ashamed

9. A. quality B. importance C. stories D. ways

10. A. hours B. minutes C. days D. times

11. A. satisfied B. shocked C. surprised D. concerned

12. A. if B. unless C. because D. so

13. A. guilt B. disappointment C. excitement D. hatred

14. A. home B. school C. work D. office

15. A. finish B. keep C. learn D. stop

16. A. impossible B. impolite C. unacceptable D. unbelievable

17. A. meant B. suggested C. showed D. implied

18. A. reply B. apologize C. tell D. explain

19. A. decisions B. words C. actions D. friends

20. A. teacher B. parent C. writer D. professor

【语篇解读】

本文为一篇记叙文，作者作为一位父亲，为了教育自己的孩子有责任感，要求他出去玩时要按时回家，但是孩子总是忘记时间，夫妇为此惩罚他一周不许出门。作者认为教育孩子最重要的是教会他如何为自己的行为负责。

【答案详解】

1—5 BABDC 6—10 DACBB 11—15 DCAAB

16—20 CADCB

【难点解析】

第4题， 对应文章结尾的自我责任感self-responsibility，此处为我们也想逐渐培养凯文的责任感。amusement娱乐，communication交流，honesty诚实。

第9题，我让凯文坐下，和他谈了谈遵守诺言的重要性。根据上下文语境，考生容易误选D。

第12题，第二天我18：30下班回家，Qugen要求我去找凯文，因为他本应该在18：00到家，这里强调的是因果关系。

第16题， 根据下文可知，我们对凯文的惩罚，可知此处为这是不能被接受的。impossible不可能，impolite没礼貌，unbelievable难以置信的。