奥地利多恩比恩市夏纳洛大桥

2014-10-09伯恩纳德马特,斯蒂芬马特,马克林斯等

风景园林 2014年4期

图01 设计草图Fig.01 Design Plan

图02 设计草图Fig.02 Design Plan

夏纳洛大桥位于奥地利多恩比恩市爱彼列村的夏纳洛峡谷，是连通多恩比恩市与爱彼列村的重要道路。在多恩比恩河与优美的群山的衬托下，夏纳洛大桥别具一格地融入了当地的自然景观当中。这座壮观的大桥联系着爱彼列村的古老聚落区域，并以众多的天然岩石隧道与石桥著称。

大桥的设计采用了石拱桥的形式，并融合现代科技将拱形的几何结构展现到了极致。设计将大桥拱高降低到最小，并将拱底设计为扭曲的形状，营造出动静结合的效果。而扭曲的设计随着桥道驾驶道形成曲线，与弯曲的道路相呼应。这样，这个钢筋混凝土结构横跨了整个小峡谷，而驾驶者在通过时很难察觉这种特色，但从蜿蜒的河岸上仰视大桥时，则能够感受到大桥的魅力之处：它不仅模仿了山路蜿蜒的动态感，还通过钢筋水泥的结构突显了这个地域的鲜明特征。

The bridge through the Schanerloch gorge is part of the impressive road from the city of Dornbirn to the hamlet of Ebnit which picturesquely situated by the well of the river Dornbirner Ache at the foot of scenic mountains.The spectacular route to this ancient settlement area is characterized by a series of natural rock tunnels and stone bridges.

Originating from the well known typology of the stone arch bridge, modern technology takes the geometry of the arch to its very limits. The reduction of the arch rise to a statically necessary minimum is combined with a twist along one axis.The latter is also responding to the bending road as a curve immediately follows the bridge in both driving directions. The result is a concrete sculpture that might look unspectacular in plan and from the driver's point of view, but from the shore of the river winding through the gorge it unveils its compelling fascination: it playfully mimes the frozen dynamic of the mountain road and captures the dramatic place in reinforced concrete.