东海和黄海双斑4个地理群体的形态学变异研究

郑 伟，贾 翠华，韩志强

(浙江海洋学院水产学院，浙江 舟山 316022)

郑 伟，贾 翠华，韩志强

(浙江海洋学院水产学院，浙江 舟山 316022)

0 引言

1 材料与方法

1.1 实验材料

1.2 形态学参数的测定

1.3 数据处理与分析

判别准确率P(%)=(判别个数/群体个数)×100%，

2 结果

2.1 单因素方差分析

表1 双斑不同群体间15个形态学比例参数的差异

表2 双斑群体间形态学比例参数的差异系数(C.D.值)

形态学比例参数Morphologyratios胶南/吕泗JN/LS胶南/日照JN/RZ胶南/舟山JN/ZS吕泗/日照LS/RZ吕泗/舟山LS/ZS日照/舟山RZ/ZSC/A0．11310．40990．34360．29580．24230．0230D/B0．01010．21070．13390．31970．19850．1143E/B0．24410．08750．17410．40320．11720．3372F/G0．20030．22080．02460．40570．25120．2373H/B0．23430．38670．15850．20970．11530．3423I/B0．07390．20050．03900．19680．04800．2315J/B0．31810．52830．28690．29040．07150．3918K/B0．18790．45360．19800．43460．02440．3869L/B0．21820．36100．18320．30610．03250．2884M/O0．01100．16620．14460．12780．13160．2599N/O0．08660．18850．13040．25170．05230．2700P/Q0．15610．03160．16990．12560．19600．1754R/S0．26000．25310．19800．01200．53590．5078T/V0．63230．21970．46450．42520．11440．2715U/V0．54240．20070．37250．70900．19890．5598

2.2 聚类分析

2.3 主成分分析

表3 4个双斑群体的主成分负荷值和特征值

由第一、第二主成分的负荷值绘制成散点图(见图3)，从图3中可以看出胶南渔场群体和日照渔场群体的组质心(group centroid)几乎完全重叠在一起，表明两群体间的差异很小；吕泗渔场群体与胶南渔场、日照渔场群体大部分重叠在一起，并且组质心之间距离相隔很短；舟山渔场群体与其他3个群体相隔最远，但也有部分交叠.主成分分析结果与聚类分析的结果基本相一致.

2.4 判别分析

表4 双斑4个群体的判别分析结果

判别公式如下：胶南渔场群体：Y=17313.024X1-1277.329X2+1068.367X3+75.734X4+196.031X5+358.608X6-8993.451，舟山渔场群体：Y=17303.460X1-1187.629X2+986.290X3+74.862X4+213.588X5+368.112X6-9002.278，

日照渔场群体：Y=17179.162X1-1114.696X2+957.125X3+80.400X4+210.324X5+350.858X6-8853.837，

吕泗渔场群体：Y=17231.939X1-1183.793X2+992.025X3+58.540X4+213.270X5+364.069X6-8916.627，其中X1代表C/A(内头胸甲长/头胸甲长)、X2代表I/B(H状沟至后缘长/头胸甲宽)、X3代表J/B(第一侧齿间长/头胸甲宽)、X4代表R/S(第三颚足长节长/第三颚足长节宽)、X5代表T/V(第四步足长节长/第四步足指节宽)、X6代表U/V(第四步足指节长/第四步足指节宽).

根据判别分析获得两个典型判别函数，其贡献率分别为52.7%和35.4%，累计贡献率为88.1%，表明两个典型判别函数能够解释88.1%的方差变化.利用这两个典型判别函数绘制散点图(见图4).

从图4中可以看出东海的舟山渔场群体与黄海的日照、胶南和吕泗渔场群体间差异明显，吕泗渔场群体与黄海的其他两个群体间出现差异.判别分析的结果与聚类分析和主成分分析的结果高度吻合.

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(责任编辑 朱雪莲 英文审校 张子平)

Morphological Variation Among Four Populations ofCharybdisbimaculatain the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea

ZHENG Wei,JIA Cui-hua,HAN Zhi-qiang

(Fishery College,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhejiang Zhoushan 316022,China)

Morphological variation among four geographic populations ofCharybdisbimaculatain Jiaonan,Rizhao,Lvsi and Zhoushan were studied using one way-ANOVA analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis and discriminant analysis.One way-ANOVA analysis revealed the difference betweenCharybdisbimaculatafrom different geographical populations.The results of the cluster analysis showed that Euclidean distance between Jiaonan population and Zhoushan population was the largest amongCharybdisbimaculatapopulations while Rizhao population and Jiaonan population was the smallest;cluster analysis indicated that there were morphological differences between the East China Sea population and the Yellow Sea population.The principal component analysis resulted in four principal components,the contributory ratios of the four principal components were 23.685%,16.475%,13.662% and 10.245%,respectively,and the cumulative contributory ratio was 71.657%.Scatter diagram of the principal component indicated that the result of principal component analysis was almost the same with the cluster analysis.The discriminant analysis revealed that the discriminant accuracy of Jiaonan,Rizhao,Lvsi and Zhoushan population were 73.7%,78.6%,36.7% and 56.7%,respectively;and the average discriminant accuracy was 61.4%.The contributory ratios of two canonical discriminant functions established by discriminant analysis were 52.7% and 35.4%,respectively,and the cumulative contributory ratio was 88.1%.The conclusion of the cluster analysis and the principal component analysis was supported by the result of scatter plots of canonical discriminant functions.This research showed that there were morphological differences betweenCharybdisbimaculatapopulations in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea.

Charybdisbimaculata;morphological variation;one way-ANOVA analysis;principal component analysis;cluster analysis;discriminant analysis

2013-11-12

[修回日期]2013-12-13 [基金项目]国家自然科学基金项目(41006075)

郑伟(1990—)，男，硕士生，从事渔业资源生物学研究.通讯作者：韩志强(1981—)，男，副教授，硕士生导师，从事渔业资源生物学和海洋生物分子生态学研究，E-mail：d6339124@163.com.

1007-7405(2014)02-0081-08

S 922.9

A