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未来最为理想的职业

2014-06-30

高中生·青春励志 2014年5期
关键词:上岗小行星器官

obs may be scarce today, but if current trends hold, pretty soon there will be plenty of fun, lucrative ones. If you have the vision to start preparing now, you could be flying starships, designing organs, or reading minds.

Human/Robot Interaction Specialist

Job: Help robots and people get along Hiring: 2030

Trend: As droids lure people away from real human contact, expect a demand for specialized therapists to boost peoples social and robotical skills.

Education: Schools strong in artificial intelligence, such as MIT, Carnegie Mellon University and Stanford University.

Space Pilot

Job: Fly shuttles to space Hiring: 2020

Trend: Virgin Galactic plans to launch the first commercial suborbital spaceflights for about $200,000 a seat. With competition from other companies, that price could soon drop low enough for daily shuttle service to outer space, the moon and asteroids for tourism, mining and science. Commercial pilots will regain the mystique they had in the 1960s as thousands of them strap in for the stars.

Education: Aviation school or the Air Force. Also check out NASAs underwater space-simulator laboratory.

Animal-migration Engineer

Job: Create new habitats for critters Hiring: 2030

Trend: Many habitats are now being destroyed faster than a species can evolve. But moving creatures to new homes could save them, after figuring out which species to put where. For example, conservationists who currently relocate butterflies identify suitable sites with aerial photos and trim local plants to the insects exacting standards.

Education: Intern with a group like Operation Migration, which leads cranes to new watering holes.

Forecaster of Everything

Job: Analyze data to predict the future Hiring: 2015

Trend: As the barrage of data grows, well need skilled people to choose what data to pull and how to make it useful. As businesses become more dependent on these analyses, the raw data itself will become a key commodity, creating its own industry. Expect openings for data brokers trading exclusive rights to data portfolios.

Education: Study computer science or statistics, then enroll in a prediction-proficiency program such as DePaul Universitys.

Organ Designer

Job: Make organs from scratch Hiring: 2020

Trend: Every 90 minutes, someone in the U.S. dies waiting for a transplant. With the senior population doubling by 2050, expect more internal plumbing problems. Well still need to figure out how to fashion tricky organs like lungs, kidneys and hearts, all made using the patients own cells to reduce rejection.endprint

Education: A bioengineering program, such as Wake Forests, which is working to grow more than 22 different organs and tissues in the lab.

Galactic Architect

Job: Build cosmic outposts Hiring: 2025

Trend: U.S. President Obama says that astronauts will reach an asteroid by 2025. Soon well be mining precious metals on asteroids and making rest-stops to Mars, projects that require buildings and vehicles that can withstand everything from subzero temperatures to extreme radiation.

Education: A masters degree in space architecture, currently available only at the University of Houston.

Thought Hacker

Job: Read thoughts Hiring: 2030

Trend: Neuroscientists led by Jack Gallant of the University of California at Berkeley can already roughly reconstruct what people are seeing just from scanning their brains, and memories, thoughts and dreams could be next. Brain-computer interfaces are also well on their way—at least one paralyzed man has used a brain implant to move a computer cursor and a robotic arm. Fields including psychotherapy and recreational mind-melding will depend on workers who can see into the minds eye.

Education: Neuroscience or computer science—they should converge before we go bionic.

作也许现在很难找,但如果照当前的趋势发展下去,不久之后,就会出现很多既有趣又能赚大钱的工作。假如你够有远见,现在就着手准备,那你就有可能成为未来的太空飞行员、器官设计师或思想黑客。

人机交互技术专家

工作内容:帮助机器人与人类和睦相处 上岗时间:2030年

发展趋势:随着机器人让人们在现实生活中彼此渐行渐远,我们需要专业的临床医学家来提升人的社交技能以及与机器人交流的能力。

应受教育:入读在人工智能方面具有雄厚实力的学校,如麻省理工学院、卡内基梅隆大学和斯坦福大学。

太空飞行员

工作内容:驾驶飞船前往太空 上岗时间:2020年

发展趋势:维珍银河公司计划推出的首批商业性质的亚轨道航天飞行,飞船的每个座位约卖20万美元。随着其他公司加入竞争,这一价格可能很快就会下跌,到时候航天飞机每天都能发航班去外太空、月球和小行星,人们可以去旅游、采矿、搞科研。当成千上万的商业飞行员系上安全带飞向星空的时候,他们将像20世纪60年代那样再次披上神秘的面纱。

应受教育:在飞行学院或空军部队受训。美国国家航空航天局的水下太空模拟实验室也是不错的选择。

动物迁徙工程师

工作内容:为动物创建新的栖息地 上岗时间:2030年

发展趋势:如今,许多栖息地遭受破坏的速度比物种进化的速度快。不过,如果将动物迁移至新的家园,它们就有可能得到拯救。我们先要弄清楚哪些物种该迁到哪里。比如,目前正在给蝴蝶安新家的动物保护主义者就是利用航拍照片确定合适的定居点,并严格按照昆虫的标准对当地植物进行修整的。

应受教育:加入“迁徙行动”之类的组织实习。该组织的主要使命是将鹤引入新湿地。

全能预报员

工作内容:分析数据,预测未来 上岗时间:2015年

发展趋势:随着数据量的爆炸式增长,我们需要技术娴熟的人来确定哪些数据可以用,以及如何用。随着商业活动对这些数据分析的依赖性越来越强,原始数据本身也将成为一种重要商品,并形成属于自己的独特产业。拥有数据资产独家交易权的数据经纪人也将应运而生。

应受教育:攻读计算机科学或统计学专业,然后到设有预测专业的学校深造,比如德保罗大学。

器官设计师

工作内容:从无到有,制造器官 上岗时间:2020年

发展趋势:在美国,每隔90分钟就有一个人在等待器官移植中死去。到2050年,老年人口将翻一番,届时,会有更多人需要进行器官移植。我们需要研究如何制造出像肺、肾、心脏这样的复杂器官。为了减少排斥反应,制造这些器官均要使用病人自身的细胞。

应受教育:学习生物工程专业,比如维克森林大学就正在实验室里培育超过22种不同的器官和组织。

银河建筑师

工作内容:建造宇宙前哨基地 上岗时间:2025年

发展趋势:美国总统奥巴马说,宇航员将在2025年之前到达某个小行星。不久之后,我们就能在小行星上开采贵重金属,并为前往火星建造中途休息站。这类工程所需的建筑物和交通工具要经得住包括超低温和强辐射在内的任何因素的考验。

应受教育:攻读太空建筑专业硕士学位,目前仅在休斯敦大学可以拿到该学位。

思想黑客

工作内容:洞悉人的思想 上岗时间:2030年

发展趋势:在加州大学伯克利分校的杰克·加兰特的率领下,神经科学家们已经可以通过扫描人的大脑来大致重现他们在扫描时刻的所见,下一步还有可能会重现人的记忆、思想和梦境。脑机接口技术的发展也十分顺利——至少已经有一名瘫痪的男性可以借助移植的大脑来移动电脑光标和机器手臂了。包括精神疗法和心灵融合娱乐疗法在内的领域都将依赖于可以看透别人心思的工作人员来开展工作。

应受教育:攻读神经科学或计算机科学——如果能集两个专业于一身,我们将变得神通广大。endprint

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