奶牛TNMD基因的克隆与原核表达
2014-06-28庞坤,肖世文
庞坤,肖世文(等)
摘要:从奶牛组织中克隆Tenomodulin(TNMD)基因的cDNA序列,采用双酶切后连接表达载体pGEX-4T-1,转入大肠杆菌BL21中进行诱导表达。结果表明,TNMD基因的序列全长为957 bp,通过双酶切构建的表达载体pGEX-TNMD在BL21大肠杆菌中成功表达了分子量为59.68 kDa的融合蛋白。
关键词:奶牛;Tenomodulin(TNMD);克隆;原核表达
中图分类号:S823;S961.6 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2014)07-1681-03
Cloning and Prokaryotic Expression of Bovine TNMD Gene
PANG Kun1,XIAO Shi-wen1,CHEN Hong-zhi1,YI Ben-chi1,LIU Ji-cheng1,HAN Li-qiang2
(1.Animal Scientific Department, Xinyang College of Agricultural and Forestry, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China;
2.College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002,China)
Abstract: The Tenomodulin(TNMD) cDNA of bovine was amplified by RT-CR. Then the gene fragment was digested with enzyme and cloned into expression vector pGEX-4T-1. The recombinant vector was transformed into E. coli BL21. The results showed that the full-length of the TNMD gene sequence was 957 bp. The reconstruction plasmid pGEX-TNMD was constructed successfully and a 59.68 kDa fusion protein was expressed in E. coli BL21 induced by IPTG.
Key words: bovine;Tenomodulin(TNMD); cloning; prokaryotic expression
随着基因组学和高通量测序的发展,奶牛等家畜的基因组序列逐渐明确,所发现的基因数目也越来越多,但对于其中许多新基因的功能尚不清楚。Tenomodulin(TNMD)属于跨膜蛋白中家族成员,这一家族主要成员与蛋白错误折叠引起的慢性疾病有关,在人和小鼠的研究中发现,TNMD是一种血管生成抑制因子,在一些血液流动少的组织,如肌腱和软骨组织中大量的表达[1,2],在芯片研究中发现TNMD表达在人的脂肪组织中,并且与动物机体的体重减轻和胰岛素的敏感性有关[3,4],其他研究发现TNMD基因的单核苷酸位点变异与机体的肥胖[5]、系统免疫[6]和胆固醇水平[7]也有一定的关联。这些研究都集中在小鼠等模式动物,对于奶牛的TNMD蛋白的生物学功能来说,目前了解的还不太清楚。因此本试验通过克隆表达奶牛的TNMD蛋白,为其功能研究奠定基础。
1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
奶牛组织采自郑州市弓马庄屠宰场屠宰的成年奶牛的肌肉组织,Trizol、cDNA反转录试剂盒、Primes Star GXL Polymerase、pMD-19T(Simple)载体、Agarose Gel DNA Purification Kit、A-tailing试剂盒等购于宝生物(大连)有限公司、质粒提取试剂盒购于天根生化科技(北京)有限公司,pGEX-4T-1载体、DH5α、BH21菌种为本试验室保存。
1.2 TNMD基因的克隆
1.2.1 引物设计与合成 根据奶牛的TNMD基因序列(NM_001099948),分别设计TNMD的上、下游引物:5′-CGCGGATCCATGGCAAAGAATCCTCCAG
A -3′和 5′- CCGCTCGAGTTAAACCCTCCCCAGCAT
GC -3′。在上游引物5′端加入BamHⅠ酶切位点和保护碱基,下游引物5′端加入XhoⅠ酶切位点和保护碱基(引物中下划线部分),引物由宝生物(大连)有限公司合成。
1.2.2 RT-PCR 取0.1 g 奶牛的肌肉组织,采用Trizol提取总RNA,溶解于30 ?滋L DEPC 水中备用。反转录体系为DEPC水 6.5 ?滋L、dNTP-Mix 4 ?滋L、5×AMV Buffer 4 ?滋L、Oligo d(T)18(50 pmol/L) 1 ?滋L、Ribonuclease Inhibitor(40 U/?滋L) 0.5 ?滋L、总 RNA 2 ?滋L、 AMV Reverse Transcriptase XL (5 U/?滋L) 2 ?滋L。反应程序为:25 ℃ 10 min,42 ℃ 60 min,72 ℃ 15 min,后冰浴2 min,得到cDNA,以此为模板进行PCR扩增。
1.2.3 PCR扩增 以cDNA为模板进行PCR扩增,其中包括cDNA 2 ?滋L,GXL Polymerase (125 U/?滋L)0.2 ?滋L,dNTP (25 mmol/L) 2 ?滋L,Buffer 4 ?滋L,上下游引物(20 pmol/L)各1 ?滋L,反应体系20 ?滋L。PCR反应程序为95 ℃ 预变性5 min,然后95 ℃变性30 s,58 ℃退火 45 s ,72 ℃延伸 1 min,35个循环,最后72 ℃延伸 10 min。PCR产物用1.0%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,用胶回收试剂盒对目的片段进行纯化。
1.2.4 TNMD基因的克隆 将PCR 扩增产物纯化后末尾加Poly A,然后连接到pMD-19T载体上,转化到E. coli DH5α感受态细胞后,在含有氨苄的LB平板上铺板。倒置培养过夜后,挑选阳性克隆进行质粒酶切鉴定,送生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司进行测序,将测序正确的重组载体命名为T-TNMD。
1.2.5 TNMD基因原核表达载体的构建、鉴定 将重组T载体质粒T-TNMD和原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1分别用BamHⅠ和 XhoⅠ两种限制性内切酶进行双酶切,分别电泳回收目的片段和载体酶切片段,将目的片段和载体片段按5∶1的比例用T4 DNA 连接酶在16 ℃连接1 h,连接产物转入感受态细胞DH5α中,提取重组转化质粒,双酶切鉴定后将阳性克隆测序,测序正确的重组质粒命名为pGEX-TNMD。
1.2.6 TNMD基因在原核细胞中的表达 将pGEX-TNMD重组质粒转化BL21菌株,挑选单个菌落进行扩大培养,进行诱导表达,诱导时,在菌液OD600 nm的吸收值达到0.7时,加入诱导剂IPTG至终浓度0.4 mmol/L,35 ℃继续振荡4 h,每小时取1次菌液(0.5 mL),离心收集菌体,加10 ?滋L 2×SDS加样缓冲液,另加10 ?滋L水,振荡混匀后沸水浴加热5 min,用12%的SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳鉴定表达结果,同时以转化不含目的基因的pGEX-4T-1质粒的菌株为对照。
2 结果与分析
2.1 奶牛TNMD基因的克隆
由图1可知,扩增序列长度大约1 000 bp,与目的基因的序列长度相似。将目的片段切胶回收后连接克隆载体,转化挑选阳性菌落测序,测序结果比对后发现其与标准序列完全一致,序列全长为957 bp。
2.2 TNMD基因原核表达载体的构建、鉴定
将质粒T-TNMD和原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1进行双酶切,电泳回收目的片段约为1 000 bp,原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1双酶切后片段长度约为4 600 bp(图2),切胶回收后将目的片段与原核表达载体进行连接,连接产物转入感受态细胞DH5α中,提取重组质粒,进行单酶切和双酶切鉴定后(图3)将阳性克隆测序,命名为pGEX-TNMD。
2.3 TNMD基因在原核细胞中的表达结果
将构建好的原核表达载体转入BL21大肠杆菌中进行表达,得到的蛋白质条带大约59.68 kDa(图4),和预期融合蛋白质GST-TNMD的分子量一致。
3 小结与讨论
人类的TNMD基因定位在X染色体(Xq22.1)上,包含有7个外显子,最后一个外显子构成氨基酸C端的半胱氨酸结构域,这8个半胱氨酸残基在动物中序列高度保守,并且空间结构与软骨调节素(Chondromodulin,ChM)基因高度相似[8]。近年来研究发现,TNMD基因与机体的营养代谢调节有关,TNMD的基因表达在肥胖患者脂肪组织中表达量要远远高于对照人群,并且在体重降低的情况下,TNMD基因的表达也下调了[9],进一步研究发现TNMD基因的突变与肥胖人群血清中的低密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇的含量有关[7],因此认为TNMD基因能够调控机体的胆固醇代谢。
本试验中选用的BL21是常用的原核表达菌株。BL21细胞基因组中的T7 启动子能够被IPTG诱导,诱导后能够增加其下游基因产物T7 RNA 聚合酶的表达,T7 RNA 聚合酶又能够使转入BL21细胞中的质粒目的基因转录成mRNA,进而表达为蛋白质。因此,IPTG诱导可以使BL21细胞表达更多目的蛋白质。本研究构建表达载体pGEX-TNMD,在BL21大肠杆菌中成功表达了融合蛋白质,为进一步制备其多克隆抗体,研究TNMD基因的作用位点及对奶牛营养代谢的调控奠定基础。
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