阅读表达
2014-03-03
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意每题词数要求）。
1
When Dan Shaw gets up from the sofa in his home， Cuddles is never far away. When he wants to go outside， he doesnt take Cuddles out for a walk—Cuddles takes him for a walk. Cuddles is clearly no ordinary family pet. It is a two-foot-high small horse and serves as the guiding eyes of Shaw， who is blind.
When Shaw lost his sight， his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog. Shaw， an animal lover， said he couldnt bear to part with a dog （which usually lives about eight to ten years） and get used to a new one， perhaps several times in his life.
Then Shaw heard of a program about the tiny guide horses. He learned that the horse possess many qualities that make them an excellent choice for guiding people. They are clean， friendly， smart and have great memories. They can be trained to remain calm in noisy and crowded places. Best of all， they live for 25 to 35 years， which would enable Shaw to have the same guide friend for most or all of his life.
Shaw immediately applied and was accepted as the first person to receive a guide horse. The instant he met Cuddles， he knew he was making the right choice. Then he began his training.
Through training， Shaw and Cuddles learned to find their way on busy streets， step over curbs （便道沿儿） and find elevator buttons. Cuddles even show its ability to step in front of Shaw and block him， to prevent him from walking into a dangerous situation. The little horse also expertly led Shaw through busy shopping malls. They got along without any difficulties. Now Shaw is confident that Cuddles will change his life for the better.
1. Who is Cuddles？ （within 5 words）
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2. How long can a dog usually live according to the passage？ （within 5 words）
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3. What qualities can we know about horses？ （within 10 words）
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4. How does Cuddles do to prevent Shaw from walking into a dangerous situation？ （within 10 words）
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5. How does Shaw feel about his future life with the help of Cuddles？ （within 8 words）
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2
I was walking in the park with a friend recently， and his cell phone rang， interrupting our conversation. There we were， walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day. But I became invisible， absent from the conversation.
The telephone used to connect you to the absent. Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent. Recently I was in a car with three friends. The driver told us to be quiet because he could not hear the person on the other end of his cell phone. There we were， four friends going down the highway， unable to talk to one another because of a tool designed to make communication easier.
Why is it that the more connected we get， the lonelier we feel？ Every advance in communication technology is a hurt to the closeness of human interaction （互动）. With e-mail and instant messaging over the Internet， we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another. With voice mail， you can conduct entire conversations without ever reaching anyone.
More and more. I find myself hiding behind e-mail to do a job meant for conversation. Or being relieved that voice mail picked up because I didnt really have time to talk. The industry devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier.
So Ive put myself on technology restriction： no instant messaging with people who live near me， no cell-phoning in the presence of friends， no letting the voice mail pick up when Im home.
6. Why did the author become absent from the conversation？ （within 6 words）
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7. What is the disadvantage brought by telephone？ （within 9 words）
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8. How does the author find the advance in communication technology？ （within 9 words）
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9. How does the author feel about the industry devoted to helping him keep in touch？ （within 8 words）
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10. What will the author do when he is together with his friends？ （within 7 words）
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3
My husband and children think they are very lucky that they are living and that its Christmas again. They cant see that we live on a dirty street in a dirty house among people who arent very good. But Gary and children cant see this.
What a pity it is that our neighbors have to make happiness out of all this dirt！ I decided that my children must get out of this. The money that weve saved isnt nearly enough.
The Carters have money but they are so proud. They look down upon the poor. The Cater girl just stood out there in the street eating from a bag of candy while a ring of hungry children watched her yesterday. I saw those children looking at her and crying in their hearts； and when she couldnt eat any more she threw the rest down the sewer （下水道）. Why， is it only because they have money？ There is more to happiness than money in the world， isnt there？
Miss Jackson who teaches at the Settlement House isnt rich， but she knows things. She understands people. Her eyes look straight into yours when she talks with you. She can read your mind. Id like to see the children be like Miss Jackson when they grow up.
11. What word can be used to describe the authors living environment？ （1 word）
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12. What can we know about the Carter girl？ （within 5 words）
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13. Why dont the family get out of the dirt？ （within 6 words）
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14. Who does the author admire？ （within 2 words）
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15. Where does Miss Jackson work？ （within 4 words）
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4
One day， a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door found that he only had ten cents left. He was hungry so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.
However， he lost his courage when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly， and asked， “How much do I owe you？”
“You dont owe me anything，” she replied， “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” He said， “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” As Howard Kelly left that house， he not only felt stronger physically， but also increased his faith in the human race. He was about to give up and stop before this point.
Years later the young woman became seriously ill and was sent to a hospital in a big city. Dr Howard Kelly， now famous， was called in for the examination. When he heard the name of the town she came from， a strange light filled his eyes. He went in to see her and recognized her at once. Back in the examination room he was determined to do his best to save her life.
After a long struggle， the woman was saved. But when the bill was sent to her room， she was afraid to open it because she knew what it would cost to cure a disease like hers. Finally she looked， and noticed a note on the side of the bill， which read： “Paid in full with a glass of milk. Dr Howard Kelly”
16. Why did the boy choose to sell goods door to door？ （within 9 words）
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17. What did the boy finnaly get from the young woman that day？ （within 5 words）
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18. What was Howard Kelly years later？ （3 words）
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19. Who was the patient sent to Howards hospital？ （within 8 words）
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20. What did Howard mean by saying “Paid in full with a glass of milk”？ （within 4 words）
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5
Hurt may occur at any time in our daily life， and forgiving someone who has hurt you or let you down is never an easy thing. Several new studies， however， say that it could have a lot of health benefits. When you think of forgiveness， you probably dont think of it as being a health or medical problem. Studies from Stanford University， on the other hand， show that something like anger can harm your health.
When cartoon book characters like the Incredible Hulk get angry， they change colors and often gain special power. In the real world， anger is less obvious and may be more dangerous. Thats why Professor Fred Luskin， founder of the Stanford Forgiveness for Good， says being angry can harm your physical and mental health. Two new studies seem to show the same idea.
The studies find that people who are able to forgive feel less stress， less back pain， and less depression. They also have fewer headaches， lower blood pressure， and fewer problems on sleeping.
So it doesnt matter if your anger is caused by the traffic or other things. Learning to let it go is important. Techniques such as deep breath or thought can help. Or just ask yourself if its worth hurting yourself by staying angry with someone else.
Forgiveness does not mean that you simply accept what happened and say its OK. Instead， its a way of making peace with yourself about what happened in the past.
21. What is the advantage of forgiveness？ （within 8 words）
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22. What can anger do to people？ （within 8 words）
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23. What can make people feel less depression？ （1 word）
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24. If you are angry with the bad traffic， what techniques youd better use？ Please list one of them. （within 8 words）
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25. What does forgiveness really mean according to the passage？ （within 10 words）
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6
Wang Ying is among the 313 college graduates employed by Changxing County of Zhejiang Province. She is now a village official in Gangkou Village. Recently， she was awarded the Agricultural Pacemakers Prize of Zhejiang Province because she took villagers to a new level in modern agricultural development.
However， she had a tough time when she first came here. Wang Ying says， “Our village was mainly based on traditional farming. Villagers had little knowledge about modern agriculture. Almost no one wanted to contract （订合同） the farming land when the new land system was first adopted in 2012—I thought it was my responsibility to change the situation.”
That was not an easy job. Most villagers did not trust her at the beginning because she was a college graduate with no experience in agriculture. She came up with the idea that village officials took the lead to contract part of the farming land. And Wang Ying borrowed 20，000 yuan from her parents to take part in the investment （投资）.
Her plan worked. Villagers soon contracted the remaining farming land to follow their village officials. They began to set up a vegetable production base and have earned a total of more than 2 million yuan after a years hard work.
As a result of it， she has won the approval and trust from the villagers. One of the local officials， Sun Genfa， says， “Villagers of Gangkou Village knew nothing about modern agriculture until Wang Ying came here. Without her help， we would not have made such achievements.”
When asked about plans for the future， Wang Ying says， “I will stay here. I have the confidence to make life better for the villagers.” Many college graduate village officials， like Wang Ying， are contributing greatly to the development of Chinas rural areas. And they are expected to achieve more in the future.
26. What is WangYing？ （within 3 words）
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27. What was the village once based on？ （within 2 words）
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28. Why didnt the villagers trust WangYing at first？ （within 11 words）
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29. What is Wang Yings idea to make villagers to contract the farming land？ （within 7 words）
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30. Whats the next step of Wang Ying？ （within 9 words）
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7
（2012湖南）
[1] A wise teacher once told me that every teenager needs to experience a not-so-fun first job from working at a grocery store to the fast food industry.
[2] Now I still remember my first day at a fast food restaurant three years ago. I wanted to save up money and buy my own car， so I applied everywhere I could that summer. The restaurant called me right away and I thought to myself， this is going to be easy. Within four hours of my first shift （轮班）， I had angry customers who complained how slow I was. I watched in fear as a kid spilled his milk everywhere， and I heard the words that no 16-year-old boy or anyone for that matter wants to hear： “Mike， theres a problem in the mens bathroom and you might want gloves for this one.” I realized right away that working at the restaurant was not going to be a picnic. The manager expected a clean environment and， particularly， fast service with a friendly smile.
[3] Over three years later I still work at that restaurant whenever I go home during vacations. I love my co-workers there and all the customers know who I am. Every morning the same senior citizens come in and get their morning coffees. They chat with us workers and joke around. Our smiles have just as much to do with them making us a part of their everyday lives as the coffee does.
[4] From my first job at the restaurant， I learned teamwork and devotion. I also learned staying positive no matter how rough things seem to get. I will forever carry the experience that I gained at the restaurant with me as I go forward in my life.
31. Why did the author apply everywhere that summer？ （No more than 12 words）
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32. What did the manager particularly expect the workers to do？ （No more than 14 words）
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33. Why does the author still work at the restaurant during vacations？ （No more than 13 words）
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34. What did the author learn from his first job？ （No more than 11 words）
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8
（2012天津）
[1] Born in 1949， Diana Nyad took an early interest in swimming as a sport and was a Florida State High School swimming champion. Like many young athletes， she had Olympic dreams， but a serious illness kept her from competing in the Games. The disappointment didnt stop her from going forward. Instead， she became interested in marathon swimming. A brilliant athlete， she was well-conditioned for spending long periods of time in the water. As a long-distance swimmer， she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by distance， danger， cold， and exhaustion.
[2] For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the worlds best long-distance swimmers. In 1970， she swam a ten-mile marathon in Lake Ontario， setting the womens record for the course. In 1972 she set another record by swimming 102.5 miles from an island in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida. Then she broke a third record when swimming around Manhattan Island in 1975.
[3] Nyad attempted to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978. Though the span of water is less than 100 miles wide， it is rough and dangerous. After battling the water for two days， she had to give up for the sake of her own health and safety. Even so， she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed. For Nyad her strength of purpose was just as important as reading Cuba. That is how she defined success. It did not matter that her swim came up short； she believed she had touched the other shore.
[4] When Nyad ended her career as a swimmer， she continued to try new things—travelling the world as a reporter， writing books and giving public speeches about her life. Diana Nyad works to inspire others， just as she did when she swam the waters of the world.
35. What prevented Nyad from taking part in the Olympic Games？ （No more than 5 words）
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36. What does the underlined word “obstacles” mean？ （No more than 1 word）
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37. What achievement did Nyad make in 1970？ （No more than 10 words）
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38. Why did Nyad believe that she had touched the other shore？ （No more than 10 words）
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39. Please explain how you are inspired by Nyad. （No more than 20 words）
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9
（2013湖南）
“Lets Talk”： The Free Advice Project
A few weeks ago， I took a walk around Washington Square Park. I met all the usual people： street performers， the Pigeon Guy， a group of guitarists singing in harmony. But off to the side， sitting on a bench was a woman doing something vastly different—giving free advice.
A week or two later， I set up an interview with her and we discussed her project at length.
Lisa Podell， 32， started the Free Advice Project this past May. It began as an experiment；she sat in Washington Square Park for a day with a sign that read “Free Advice” as a simple way to reach out to people. Podell was astonished at the strong response.
Podell admits that she was doubtful at first， but now she describes the project as mutually （相互地） beneficial. People learn from her—but she also learns from them. She says that the majority of those who come to her are dealing with some pretty heavy issues， and they expect her not only to listen， but also provide real answers.
Having worked as a full time teacher and now as an adolescent advisor， Podell believes that talking things out is an important in the decision-making process.
Sometimes， people walk around all day， keeping their problems in their own head and thinking about them in the same way. Podell simply strives to provide people with perspective.
I asked if there is a future plan for the Free Advice Project. Podell said she would like to promote it to each public space in New York， which would be carried out by various volunteers across the city.
It was truly inspiring to meet someone with such a big heart， especially in New York—where it is sometimes very hard to find anybody to listen.
40. In what way was Podell different from other people in the park？ （No more than 6 words）
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41. What do people in need expect Podell to do？ （No more than 10 words）
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42. According to Podell， what should people do when making decisions？ （No more than 6 words）
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43. How would Podell promote her project in New York？ （No more than 15 words）
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10
（2013天津）
My name is Clara.I still remember that chilly December day， sitting in science class. Id finished a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine. A piece of news caught my eye： NASA was holding an essay contest to name its Mars rover （火星探测器）. Before I even knew anything else about it， a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind： Curiosity.
I couldnt want for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay. That afternoon， I raced home， sat down at the computer， and typed until my fingers ached. “Curiosity is an everlasting flame that burns in everyones mind...”
Five months later， my mon received a phone call， and immediately， a wide smile spread across her face.
On August 5， 2012， at 10：31 p.m.， the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars， and I was honored to have a front-row seat in NASA.
Curiosity is such an important part of who I am. I have always been fascinated by the stars， the planets， the sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl，my grandmother and I would sit together in the backyard for hours. Shed tell me stories and point out the stars， Grandma lived in China， thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas， but the stars kept us together even when we were apart. They were always there， yet there was so much I didnt know about them. Thats what I love so much about space.
People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mares. My answer is simple： because were curious. We human beings do not just hole up in one place. We are constantly wondering and trying to find out whats over the hill and beyond the horizon.
44. How did Clara get the news about the essay contest？ （no more than 10 words）
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45. Why did Clara have a front-row seat in NASA？ （no more than 10 words）
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46. What does Clara remember about the time spent with Grandma？ （no more than 15 words）
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47. What does the underlined phrase “hole up” mean？ （1 word）
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48. In your opinion，why is curiosity important？ （no more than 20 words）
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