跟踪导练（三）(3)

A

The average person learns most of the 30,000-40,000 words whose meanings he or she recognizes by hearing them or getting familiar with them in the context (语境) of simply absorbing them without conscious effort. The best way to build a good vocabulary, therefore, is to read a great deal and to take part in a lot of good talks. There are relatively few words that we learn permanently by purposefully referring to dictionaries or keeping word lists. However, even those extra few are of value, and no one will make a mistake by working on developing a larger vocabulary. Here are some suggestions on how to do it.

Read plenty of good books. When you come across a new word, or a new meaning of an old word, stop and see if you can understand it from its context. If you cant, and if you can manage without interrupting the thought of the book too much, look it up in a dictionary or ask somebody and then repeat its meaning to yourself a couple of times. If you are really serious-minded preferably using it in a sentence, or you can keep a special vocabulary notebook. Go over the list from time to time. Further, try to use a new word in writing or conversation a few times over the next several days.

Listen to good talks and be alert to new words you hear or to new meanings of words you already know. Then treat them just as you do the new words you read.

Learn and be alert to the parts of words: prefixes (前缀), suffixes and roots. Knowing them enables you to make intelligent guesses about the meaning of words.

If you are studying a foreign language, be alert to words in that language which relate to words in English. English has inherited (继承) or borrowed much of its vocabulary of 500,000-600,000 words from Latin, Greek, French, Spanish and German.

1. According to this passage, one of the best ways to build a good vocabulary is ＿＿＿ .

A. to remember a lot

B. to read some novels

C. to refer to dictionaries

D. to take part in a lot of good talks

2. What should you do first when you meet a new word in reading?

A. Guess its meaning from its context.

B. Look it up in a dictionary.

C. Repeat reading it.

D. Ask somebody.

3. The underlined phrase “be alert to” in Paragraph 3 may best be replaced by “＿＿＿”.

A. learn by heart B. pay attention to

C. write down D. look at

4. In Paragraph 4, the underlined word “them” refers to ＿＿＿ .

A. the parts of words B. prefixes

C. suffixes D. roots

B

J. K. Rowling, the Harry Potter author, has made a 1 million donation to the Labour Party. The gift was announced by the party as it began its yearly conference in Manchester today.

“I would like to thank J. K. Rowling for making this generous donation and for helping us in our work to make Britain a fairer and stronger country,” said Ray Collins, Labour Party General Secretary.

Ms Rowling, whose fortune stands at 560 million in the Sunday Times Rich List, is a personal friend of the Labour Prime Minister Gordon Brown and his wife Sarah. But the author said in a statement that her donation was mainly influenced by Labours work on child poverty and Conservative Partys plans to ease the tax burden on married couples. Ms Rowling famously wrote her first Harry Potter books while she was a struggling single mother.

She said, “I believe that poor families will get on much better under the Labour Party than they would under a Cameron-led Conservative Party.”

The donation will come as a big encouragement to the Labour Party at the start of the conference. Its debts are now nearly 18 million. But it is understood that Ms Rowling has indicated she does not want her donation to be used simply to reduce that sum.

Ms Rowling said in her statement, “Gordon Brown has introduced measures that will save as many children as possible from a life lacking in opportunity or choice. The Labour government has changed the long-term trend in child poverty, and is one of the leading EU countries in fighting child poverty.”

“David Camerons promise of tax perks (额外津贴) for the married, on the other hand, reminds me of the Conservative government I experienced as a single parent. The Conservatives still believe married couple is more deserving a financial pat on the head than those struggling, as I once was, to keep their families surviving in difficult times.”

5. What do we know about J. K. Rowling from Paragraph 1?

A. She is a Labour Party member.

B. She is the richest woman in the world.

C. She devotes herself to her motherland.

D. She has made a great donation to the Labour Party.

6. The purpose of the donation is to ＿＿＿ .

A. help change child poverty

B. help the Labour Party pay off its debts

C. reduce the tax burden on married couples

D. congratulate the Labour Party conference

7. It can be inferred from the passage that ＿＿＿ .

A. The Labour Party wont get into debt in the future

B. poor families in the country will be no longer taxed

C. more and more children in the country live in poverty

D. J. K. Rowling is against the plans to ease the tax burden on married couples

8. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?

A. Potter Author J. K. Rowling Gives 1 Million to the Labour

B. Famous Writer on the Sunday Times Rich List

C. Opportunity to Be Offered to the Poor

D. Measures to Get Rid of Poverty

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

appeal attain burden envelope gift

literary overcome status stubborn thus

1. We made an ＿＿＿＿ to the villagers for money to build the bridge.

2. He stuck down the ＿＿＿＿ and dropped it into the mailbox.

3. She is ＿＿＿＿ in writing, so someone says she is born a writer.

4. John finished speaking as though getting rid of a heavy ＿＿＿＿ .

5. He was too ＿＿＿＿ to admit that he was wrong.

6. Flora was a lot happier after she ＿＿＿＿ her fear of meeting new people.

7. He was the eldest son and ＿＿＿＿ he looked after his brothers and sisters well.

8. ＿＿＿＿ a goal is difficult, and one will never reach it if he or she stops trying.

1. 通过互相帮助，他们终于克服了重建家园的困难。

2. 没有特殊的工具和智慧，白纸黑字写下的东西是擦不掉的。

3. 这本书被学者欢迎的同时，也立即引起了普通读者的兴趣。

4. 那些报道只限于记录事实，而未加以任何评论。

1. My son is extraordinarily ＿＿＿ music because he could write a song on his own when he was only six years old.

A. gifted in B. gifted for

C. gift in D. gift for

2. Due to the weather changing, we had to make some ＿＿＿ to our original plan.

A. accumulation B. advancement

C. association D. adjustment

3. Although the necklace which Peter bought for me was not made of real diamond, it still ＿＿＿ me.

A. applied to B. attracted to

C. appealed to D. adjusted to

4. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ＿＿＿ for the day.

A. finishing B. being finished

C. finished D. were finished

5. ＿＿＿ the bad news, tears came down her cheeks without any sign.

A. Hearing B. The moment she heard

C. On hearing D. At the moment she heard

6. Those governments agreed to hold six-party talks, ＿＿＿ their concern with peace.

A. to reflect B. reflecting

C. reflected D. having reflected

7. Unwilling to ＿＿＿ their children, the old couple moved to the nursing home.

A. be a burden with B. be burdened with

C. be a burden to D. be burdened by

8. A healthy life is frequently thought to be ＿＿＿ with the open countryside and home-grown food.

A. related B. associated

C. tied D. involved

9. Parents often talk about the younger generation as if they ＿＿＿ to do with it.

A. didnt have anything B. dont have anything

C. have nothing D. had anything

10. — Im thinking of tomorrows maths test. Im afraid I cant

pass it.

— ＿＿＿ . Im sure youll make it.

A. No problem B. Good luck

C. Go ahead D. Cheer up

Experts do not really know when people began keeping fish as pets. But they say that people have been interested in fish for thousands of years. Some say the ancient Sumerians were the first civilization to keep fish in ponds more than four thousand years ago. The Chinese kept and studied carp (鲤鱼) and goldfish more than one thousand years ago. The ancient Romans kept eels as pets. And the Greek philosopher Aristotle made what was believed to be the first known study of sea life, including sharks and dolphins.

Keeping fish at home in small water tanks (水箱) called aquariums is extremely popular today. And everyone seems to enjoy visiting huge public aquariums that have opened around the world.

By the middle of the 1800s, science had shown that plants, fish and other sea creatures could survive together under water. So it was no longer necessary to change the water in a tank for the fish to live there. This led to the building of the first public aquariums.

The first aquariums opened in London, England in 1853. In the next fifteen years, other aquariums opened in Europe and the United States. By 1928, there were about forty-five public aquariums.

The Monterey Bay Aquarium has been recognized as the first aquarium in the United States and it shows visitors the underwater life in the bay. The Georgia Aquarium opening in 2005 says it is the largest in the world. It has more than one hundred thousand sea animals in thirty million liters (升) of water including two whale sharks—the worlds largest fish.

Another aquarium re-opened in 2005 in Camden, New Jersey. The Adventure Aquarium first opened in 1992. It spent about fifty million dollars expanding its building and improving its exhibits.

Aquariums provide the public with many chances to experience life under the sea. They can be found in most areas of the world. People might even want to start an aquarium at home and join the millions of people around the world who keep fish as pets.

1. How long have people been interested in fish according to experts? (within 4 words)

2. Where do people keep fish at home? (within 3 words)

3. When was it no longer necessary to change the water in a tank for the fish to live there? (within 6 words)

4. Which aquarium opened again after its rebuilding according to the passage? (within 3 words)

5. With what do aquariums provide the public? (within 8 words)