8个改变历史的奥运瞬间

1. Paris, 1900: First female athletes

1900年，巴黎奥运会：首次允许女运动员参赛

Women were never allowed to compete in the Olympics until the Paris Games in 1900, when their participation in lawn tennis and golf events secured a position for female athletes in future Games.

The London 2012 Olympics signified a new gender milestone with the debut of Womens Boxing, and it was the first Games in Olympic history with female athletes from every competing country.

奥运会一直以来都不允许女性参加比赛，直到1900年的巴黎奥运会，女运动员在草地网球运动和高尔夫球运动上的参与，奠定了女运动员在未来奥运会上的地位。

2012年伦敦奥运会首次设置女子拳击项目，标志着性别问题上出现了新的里程碑。这届奥运会也成为奥运历史上第一届所有参赛国家都派出女运动员的奥运会。

2. Berlin, 1936: Owens breaks records

1936年，柏林奥运会：欧文斯打破世界纪录

African-American athlete Jesse Owens broke records and won several gold medals, shattering Hitlers aim to use the 1936 Games as an example of the “new Aryan man”. Owens later befriended his German competitor in the long jump, Luz Long, and the pairs lap of honor became a symbol of the triumph of sportsmanship over Nazi ideology.

非裔美国运动员杰西·欧文斯在这届奥运会上打破世界纪录并获得多项金牌，粉碎了希特勒借助1936年奥运会证明“新雅利安人”人种优越的目的。欧文斯在随后的跳远比赛中对待他的德国对手卢茨·朗如同朋友一般，两人的光荣一跃成为体育精神战胜纳粹思想的象征。

3. London, 1948: Wheelchair athletes compete

1948年，伦敦奥运会：轮椅运动员参加

English doctor Ludwig Guttmann founded the International Wheelchair Games to help rehabilitate wounded veterans of World War II. Using sports therapy, he invited wheelchair athletes to compete, and the event eventually became the modern Paralympic Games.

英国医生路德维格·古特曼建立国际轮椅运动会，以帮助二战中受伤的老兵康复。运用运动疗法，他邀请坐轮椅的运动员参加比赛，这一赛事最后成为现代残疾人奥林匹克运动会。

4. Montreal, 1976: African nations boycott

1976年，蒙特利尔奥运会：非洲国家抵制参赛

Human right was at the forefront of the Montreal Games after 22 African nations boycotted the Olympics because New Zealand was participating. Earlier that year, New Zealand sparked outrage among African countries when it sent its national rugby team to play in South Africa, which was under apartheid. This marked the first of several politically-motivated boycotts of the Olympics.

22个非洲国家因新西兰参赛而联合抵制奥运会，在此之后人权问题就处于了蒙特利尔奥运会的风口浪尖。当年早些时候，新西兰国家橄榄球队前往种族隔离制度下的南非比赛，因此在非洲国家激起了民愤。这是第一次因政治原因而抵制奥运会的运动。

5. Barcelona, 1992: Pros play the Olympics

1992年，巴塞罗那奥运会：职业运动员参加奥运会

The 1992 US Mens Olympic basketball team, nicknamed the “Dream Team” for its impressive line-up of the biggest names in basketball—Michael Jordan, Charles Barkley, and Patrick Ewing to name a few—was the first time active NBA players were recruited for an Olympic team. The team crushed the competition as it made its way towards the final (winning all eight games) and ultimately defeated Croatia to bring home the gold medal. Still today, the Dream Team is widely celebrated as the greatest team ever assembled in any sport.

1992年美国男子奥运篮球队被称为“梦之队”，因为队中囊括了许多给人留下深刻印象的篮球明星——迈克尔·乔丹、查尔斯·巴克利和帕特里克·尤因，这是首次现役NBA队员组队参加奥运会。这支球队直闯决赛（赢得全部八场比赛）并最终击败克罗地亚将金牌收入囊中，取得了完胜。如今，“梦之队”被广泛用于任何体育项目中所组成的最佳团队。

6. Atlanta, 1996: Games turn 100 with Ali

1996年，亚特兰大奥运会：拳王阿里点燃奥运百年圣火

Despite his struggles with Parkisons disease, former heavyweight boxing champion and Olympic gold medalist Muhammad Ali lit the Olympic flame during the opening ceremony of the 1996 Atlanta Games. It was an emotional start to the Olympics Centennial.

尽管饱受帕金森综合征的折磨，前重量级拳击冠军、奥运冠军默罕默德·阿里还是在1996年亚特兰大奥运会开幕式上点燃了奥运圣火。这令人激动的一幕掀开了奥运百年的新篇章。

7. Athens, 2004: Medal design corrected

2004年，雅典奥运会：奖牌设计被更正

A new medal was distributed to winners at the Athens Games, replacing the long-standing design by Italian sculptor Giuseppe Cassioli that incorrectly depicted the Roman Colosseum rather than a Greek venue. Olympic medals now feature the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, one of the worlds oldest stadiums and the site of the first modern Olympic Games in 1896.

在雅典奥运会上，获胜运动员得到了新设计的奖牌，取代了一直以来由意大利雕刻家朱塞佩·卡斯欧利设计的奖牌，原奖牌描绘的是罗马圆形大剧场，而非希腊的场所。如今的奥运奖牌图案为雅典的帕纳辛纳克体育场，这是世界上最古老的体育场之一，也是1896年第一届现代奥运会的比赛场地。

8. Beijing, 2008: Phelps takes most gold ever

2008年，北京奥运会：菲尔普斯获个人最多金牌

During the Beijing Games, champion American swimmer Michael Phelps and his teammates set a new world record in the medley relay event, awarding Phelps his eighth gold medal (the most won in a single Olympic Games) and pushing his medal count over that of his record-holding predecessor, Mark Spitz. Upon winning his eighth medal, Phelps had nothing but humble words for his audience, “Records are meant to be broken no matter what they are.”

在北京奥运会上，美国游泳冠军迈克尔·菲尔普斯和他的队友在混合泳接力项目中创造了新的世界纪录，菲尔普斯获得了他的第8枚金牌（在一届奥运会中获得的最多金牌），打破了马克·斯皮茨先前保持的纪录。在刚获得第8枚金牌的时候，菲尔普斯只对观众说了一些谦虚的话：“不管是什么纪录，注定都是要被打破的。”