中国500强企业高峰论坛上听名企老总谈“企业国际化”

□ 文/见习记者 蒋正

中国500强企业高峰论坛上听名企老总谈“企业国际化”

□ 文/见习记者 蒋正

9月开初的重庆阴雨绵绵，渝北区悦来国际会议中心却激情似火。9月2-3日，2014年中国500强企业高峰论坛在这里举行。国家发改委副主任林念修、重庆市市长黄奇帆等出席并发表讲话。全国名企高层领导、全国企协企联代表、国内外经济专家、各大新闻媒体齐聚于此。会上开展了“企业国际化：运营与管理”论坛，对从走出国门成立国际公司到国际公司的经营管理，进行了深入讨论。考虑到会议内容对渝企的海外投资、经营和管理有所帮助，特把其分享给大家。

薄宝华：海外发展战略要明确企业需求

薄宝华，这位港中旅集团老资格的副总，管理着港中旅在海外12个国家的旅行社。他正襟危坐，表情严肃，字正腔圆地告诉在座企业家，要确定企业需求，依需求决定企业要不要走国际化道路，决定在国际化道路上要不要调整战略。港中旅非常明确地了解企业需求，就是占领客源。他将港中旅的发展之路娓娓道来：过去外国人来华旅游是稀缺资源，港中旅就想到占领外国人来华的客源端，就去海外布点，走国际化道路。之后，港中旅瞄到了国人出国旅游缺少周全和高端的消费服务，港中旅便调整战略，专为中国游客提供在旅游目的地的服务。今后，港中旅预计要在中国游客热门旅游目的地收购酒店、轮船等，以抢占更多客源。港中旅国际化道路一直专注于占领客源，其国际化战略的政策也一直服务于此。这种明确和专注于需求，是港中旅的成功法宝。

黄勇：管理海外公司要做好融合

重庆机电控股集团董事、总裁、党委副书记黄勇，谈到了重庆机电集团管理海外公司的成功经验——做好收购企业和本部企业的融合。他身体前倾，发言时的态度异常诚恳。他告诉台下，重庆机电2012年收购了美国恩斯特龙直升机公司，对其的管理措施，一是对海外公司只在决策和资金使用方面控制，委派的本部人员在董事会占绝大多数席位；二是海外企业选用当地职业经理人，适当放权，让生产、经营在本地人的管理下进行，发挥当地人才团队的作用。黄勇表示，在这样的管理下，重庆机电的海外公司处于盈利状态。

尚游：依靠政府政策和重庆大环境

从尹明善背后走出来的尚游，现身兼力帆实业集团总裁和中国汽车工业协会副会长。这位年轻企业家近几年出现在公众视野里的频率越来越高。这次论坛他也成为座上客，在谈到力帆的国际化过程时，谦虚地向政府和外部环境提供的支持表达了感谢。他表示，今年中央政府顶住人民币升值压力，让力帆保持了出口竞争力；中信保提高保险额度，让力帆能够大胆地去海外投资；而重庆市政府全力打造渝新欧、渝新俄铁路，为力帆发展打造了良好的环境，保障了力帆的便利和效率。力帆正是抓住时机，合理利用政策形势和大环境的优势，在经营中一步步向前的。同时，德勤等专业服务机构，则因为帮助力帆规避了风险，化解了投资过程中的部分危机和难题，受到尚游的大力推崇。

李金元：以国际化人才为本，重视知识产权

天狮集团董事长李金元强调要以国际化人才为本。他不愧为在全球110多个国家和地区拥有分公司的天狮集团的董事长，他对跨国经营侃侃而谈：“选对人，才能做对事”。天狮在十几年前就建立了天狮学院，培养人才。此外，天狮还计划建立国际化大学，培养国际化人才，为企业发展输送新鲜血液。李金元还兴致勃勃地公布了他的宏伟计划：同世界前100名名牌大学合作，培养实用型人才。另外他还在知识产权问题上加重了语气，表明天狮在全球100多个国家和地区注册产品和专利，是让天狮在全球布局的关键。

民企国际化面临众多挑战和机会

在提问环节，在座听众踊跃提问，嘉宾一一解答，内容亦是鞭辟入里。

■ 民企融资难

有企业家提到民企资金匮乏，融资困难。力帆的尚游表示，力帆在香港设立了融资平台，同时力帆和中国银行合作，确保资金的充足。而港中旅的薄宝华则建议大家去香港设立融资公司，和国外银行打交道。天狮的李金元建议要走国际化道路的企业，要和世界的银行有密切资金来往，更要重视汇率、置换等问题，规避汇率风险。

■ 部分中国标准无法同国际接轨

有企业家提到中国标准无法得到国际认可。李金元在这一问题上经验丰富，他谈到天狮每计划进入一个国家，都要首先注册和报检，遵守当地法律法规，还会按照当地标准改进产品。结果是天狮产品通过100多个相关的国际认证标准，进入190多个国家的保健品市场。

■ 混合所有制改革

混合所有制经济问题与民营企业壮大自身实力关系莫大。力帆的尚游和机电的黄勇相视一笑，他们介绍到力帆脱胎于机电控股集团，曾是机电集团下属的客车制造企业。后来经过重组，民资进入，不断改革，才转变为今天的力帆。机电控股集团至今仍持有力帆一定的股份。同时，机电的混合所有制探索从很早之前就开始了，成功的案例还是比较多。机电集团不设立任何限制，欢迎民营企业参股、控股国有企业。港中旅薄宝华说道，港中旅海外公司中，中外合资的分公司比独资成立的分公司效益更高，混合所有制更能适应海外市场发展。

During the China Top500 Enterprises Summit CEOs Discuss “Internationalization of Companies”

Despite continuous rain in early September, there is much enthusiasm in Yuelai International Convention Center, Yubei District, Chongqing. From September2 to3, the2014 China Top500 Enterprises Summit was held here. Lin Nianxiu, deputy director general of National Development and Reform Commission, Mayor Huang Qifan attended the summit and delivered speeches. Senior leaders of renowned enterprises and enterprise association and federation delegates around the nation, economic experts from home and abroad and various news media all gathered here. The “Internationalization of Companies: Operation and Management” forum had an in-depth discussion on going global and running international companies. The following is an overview of this forum as it many help overseas investment, operation and management of Chongqing enterprises.

Bo Baohua:

Overseas development strategies must fIT into enterprise needs

Bo Baohua, vice president of China Travel Service (CTS), manages travel agencies in12 overseas countries. Sitting straight with a serious look, he articulated to the present entrepreneurs that enterprise needs must be determined in the first place to determine whether to pursue an international path and whether to adjust strategies. CTS explicitly understands its enterprise need, which is to secure customers. He narrated the development path of CTS: in the past, foreign travelers to China were rare sources, so CTR set up branches abroad to grasp the source of customers. Later, after noticing the absence of complete and premium services for Chinese going abroad, CTS adjusted its strategy into providing Chinese tourists with services in destinations. In the future, CTS plans to buy hotels and cruise liners in popular destinations for Chinese tourists in order to have more customers. Its internationalization path always focuses on winning more customers, so does its strategies. Such clear dedication is the trump card for CTS.

Huang Yong:

Integration is necessary for managing overseas companies

Huang Yong, board director, executive and vice Party secretary of Chongqing Machinery and Electric Co.,Ltd talked about successful experiences of managing overseas companies: ensuring the integration of the acquired enterprise and its parent. He leaned forward in the sofa and spoke with a sheer sincerity. He said that Chongqing Machinery and Electric bought Engstrom Helicopter in2012, and manages it in a way that overseas company only controls the decision and capital usage, and the headquarter assigned managers take the majority seats in the board; the overseas enterprise employs a local professional agent and delegate production and operation to the local people; plays the role of local talents. Huang added that under such management, Chongqing Machinery and Electric’s overseas company is pro fITable.

Shang You:

Relying on government policies and the general environment of Chongqing

As a successor of Yin Mingshan, Shang You now serves as the president of Lifan Entity Group and vice chairman of China Automotive Industry Association. The young entrepreneur frequently came into public horizon in recent years. Invited to this forum, he humbly thanked the support of government and external environment to Lifan’s internationalization. He said that this year, Lifan has maintained its export competitiveness as Central Government withstood the appreciation pressure of the yuan; Sinosure raised the quota of insurance and enabled Lifan to boldly invest abroad; and Chongqing municipal government forged the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe and Chongqing-Xinjiang-Russia railways to build a sound environment for Lifan and guarantees its convenience and efficiency. By grasping the opportunity to leverage policy scenario and environment advantages, Lifan keeps pressing ahead. Meanwhile, specialized service provides such as Deloitte helps Lifan to avoid risks and solve some crisis and difficulties during its investment process, which has been greatly applauded by Mr. Shang.

Li Jinyuan:

Cherish international talents and value intellectual property right

Li Jinyuan, board chairman of Tiens, a group with branches in over110 countries and regions in the world, stressed to cherish international talents. He shared his view about international operation that “one can only do the right thing by selecting the right people”. Over ten years ago, Tiens set up its own academy to cultivate talents. In addition, it also plans to establish an international university to nurture international talents and inject new dynamism to enterprises. Moreover, Li announced his ambitious plan quite excitedly: cooperating with the top100 universities in the world and to turn out practical personnel. In terms of intellectual property right, he emphasized that Tiens owns over100 international registered products and patents in the world, which are the key of its global con fi guration.

Internationalization of pivate enterprise faces multiple challenges and opportunities

During the Q&A, many questions were raised and answered in an incisive way.

Financing difficulties of private enterprises, which is a problem brought up by some entrepreneurs. Shang You, president of Lifan said that by setting up a fi nancing platform in Hong Kong and working with Bank of China, Lifan always secures suf fi cient capital. Bo Baohua, vice president of CTS suggested setting up fi nancing companies in Hong Kong to deal with foreign banks. Li Jinyuan, board chairman of Tiens advised enterprise intending to pursue the path of internationalization to have frequent capital fl ows with banks in the world, pay attention to exchange rate and replacement as well as avoid exchange rate risks.

Some Chinese standards are not aligned with the international counterpart, thus not acknowledged internationally. Li Jinyuan has rich experiences in this regard. He mentioned that Tiens always went through registration and customs inspection for every country it planned to enter, abided by local laws and regulations and improved products according to local standards. As a result, Tiens products passed over100 related international accreditation standards and entered the health product markets of over190 countries.

Mixed ownership reform is closely related to the expansion of private enterprises. Mr.Shang of Lifan and Mr. Huang of Chongqing Machinery and Electric smiled at each other and said that Lifan used to be an affiliated passenger car manufacturer under Chongqing Machinery and Electric Group, and only had today’s glory by restructuring, absorption of private capital and constant reform. The mixed ownership exploration, therefore, started long ago with many successful cases. The Chongqing Machinery and Electric Group does not impose any restrictions and welcomes private enterprise to participate and control the shares of state-owned enterprises. Mr. Bo of CTC said that among all its overseas companies, the branches of joint ventures have higher returns than solely-owned ones, so the mixed ownership can better adapt to the overseas market development.