北京南站

建筑师：TFP Farrells

地点：中国北京

业主：中华人民共和国铁道部

Architect: TFP Farrells

Location: Beijing, PRC

Client: Ministry of Railways(MOR), PRC

北京南站不仅仅是中国新的城际高速网的一个重要的铁路枢纽，而且还是一个重大的城市建筑和规划项目。车站占地31公顷，与周边的城市景观浑然一体，担当着北京的“城市门户”，其设计旅客吞吐量为每年1.05亿人次，到2030年时将达到每小时33,280人次的高峰小时流量，每天共计输送旅客286,500人次。车站的集成式设计包含多模式交通换乘设施，采用了垂直分离策略，因而旅客交通流更加直接、方便和高效。

2008年竣工的北京南站是中国新的高速铁路网中四个重点车站之一，是原北京南站改造和扩建工程的关键部分，也是北京市政府重点实施的奥林匹克核心工程。

新北京站距离介于二环路与三环路之间的丰台区的城市老站0.5公里，是连接北京与天津和上海等长江三角洲城市的一个高速城际交通枢纽，其覆盖区域的人口约为2.7亿。

虽然车站的规模巨大，但建筑形式和结构却十分清晰、简洁，体现了以人为本的理念，同时还充分考虑了车站内各种铁路线路、车站出入口、候车区域、换乘区域的不同营运和管理要求：看似简单的椭圆形车站包含了车站的三个主楼层、两个用于停车的夹层以及两幢附属的门道办公建筑。 对于如此大的客流量，把进站客流和出站客流区分开来是至关重要的。在车站的关键设计目标中，让乘客的上、下车距离和时间达到最短就是其中之一。

设计策略还体现了在不同的区域实现各种交通方式之间的无缝连接和转换这一特色：作为一个综合交通枢纽，该车站具有909个地下停车位、28个出租车落客站、24个出租车上客点（138个排队上车的空间）和38个公交车站（包括12个下客站点、26个上客站点和48个排队上车的空间）。椭圆规划形状可以为车站的车辆交通流量提供有效的创新解决方案。高架路网可以调节各个方向出入车站区域的交通流量，并有助于缓解周边城市干道的拥堵情况。

该车站共有11个岛式站台和2个侧向式站台，设有24个供高速列车（450米长）、普速列车（500米长）和城际列车（450米长）使用的站台面，地下2个岛式站台，设有4个供地铁车辆（120米长）使用的站台面。

由于车站位于现有铁路用地上，其几何外形与铁路轨道一样，与北京市的主交通路网斜向相交。该车站采用椭圆形的建筑方案使其与周边的城市景观浑然一体，形成了北京城的“城市门户”，并且通过正南北向的景观人行中轴线把斜向铁路线和城市网格线有机地联系了起来，与城市肌理遥相呼应，提高了进出站的方向感、扩展了南北广场以及更广泛的城市环境的公共活动空间。

The Beijing South Station is not only a key rail link for China’s new high-speed intercity network but it is also a major urban building and master plan. Situated on a 31 hectare site the Station creates an urban link with the surrounding cityscape and acts as a “Gateway to the City” whilst the station itself is designed for a passenger turnover of 105 million passengers annually by the year 2030, with a peak hour f ow of 33,280 passengers per hour, and a total of 286,500 passenger movements per day. This integrated design encompasses a multi-modal transport interchange facility with a vertical separation strategy designed so that the passenger traff c f ows are direct, convenient and highly eff cient.

Completed in 2008 the new station is one of four major rail stations for the new high-speed rail implemented within China and was a core Olympic project endorsed by the Beijing Government and a critical part of Beijing South Railway Station upgrading and extension project.

Situated half a kilometre from the city's old station in Fengtai district between the second and third ring roads, the new Beijing Station will serve as a high-speed intercity rail link which connects Beijing with the Yangtze River Delta cities of Tianjin and Shanghai, with a catchment area of 270 million people.

As the station is immense in scale, the architectural form and structure are clear, simple and people oriented and take into consideration the dif ferent operational and management of the various rail lines, station entrances, exits, waiting areas and interchange zones taking place within - the station takes a simple ellipse form that accommodates 3 principle f oor levels with two mezzanine f oor levels for car-parking and two ancillary gateway off ce buildings. With such large volumes of passengers it is essential to separate the incoming and departing passengers. One of the main design objectives was to have the passengers board and alight trains with the shortest distance and time possible.

The design strategy also incorporates separate zones catering for seamless integration and transition to different types of vehicular traff c including 909 underground basement car-parking spaces, 28 taxi drop-off bays, 24 taxi pick-up bays with 138 queuing spaces and 38 bus spaces (12 drop-of f spaces and 26 pick-up bays with 48 queuing spaces)as a comprehensive transport hub. The elliptical plan form is effective in providing an innovative solution to the station’s vehicular traff c f ow. The overhead road network can adjust to the traf f c f ows to and from the station area in all directions and assist in relieving the congestion of the surrounding urban arterial roads.

There are a total of 1 1 island platforms and 2 side platforms with 24 platform edges for High-speed trains (450 metres long), Express trains (500 metres long)and Intercity trains (450 metres long); 2 island platforms with 4 platform edges for the Metro trains(120 metres long)in the basement levels.

As the station is located on existing railway land, the elliptical geometry of the site juxtaposes the diagonal fan of the railway tracks to Beijing’s cardinal urban grid. The station scheme creates an urban link with the surrounding cityscape and acts as a “Gateway to the City” with the incorporation of an urban response that unites the railway fan and city grid by inserting a landscaped pedestrian spine in the formal north-south axis that maximizes the sense of approach and creates enhanced public amenity spaces with the northern and southern plazas and the wider city context.

概念设计 concepts