盘点国内各省市使领馆区

□ 文/唐纲

领事馆是一国驻在他国某个城市的领事代表机关的总称，有总领事馆、领事馆、副领事馆等，负责管理当地本国侨民和其它领事事务。改革开放以来，随着中外经贸合作、文化交流、高层互访的增多，外国在中国设立使领馆的步伐越来越快，很多国家在中国的很多大城市也设立了总领馆、领事馆、副领事馆、代办处等。为了更好地发挥这些使领馆的作用，提升城市的国际化水平，树立对外开放形象，一些城市还专门建立了使领馆区，将原本分散的使领馆集中设立。本期盘点了国内主要省市建立的使领馆区。

北京使馆区

北京使馆区是在北京的外国驻中国的大使馆所在区域，又被称为“第二国境线”，曾位于中国北京城前门外的东交民巷，现分别位于建国门外及三里屯地区。

东交民巷原名东江米巷，是老北京城米的集散地。1901年清朝政府的《北京各国使馆界址四至》和《辛丑和约》中，此巷划成为中国第一个“使馆区”。

1949年之后，新使馆区渐渐形成于北京建国门外和朝阳门外，它们分别称为“北京第一使馆区”和“北京第二使馆区”。

第一使馆区主要是一些亲社会主义的国家使馆。主要为中华人民共和国建国后，较早承认新中国并建立外交关系的国家在中国设立的使领馆。

第二使馆区又称为北使馆区，由周恩来制定区域并建设于1960年代初期，西方发达国家使馆云集此处，环境幽静。

1980年，北京规划设计研究院按上级指示将亮马河下游过三环路的区域规划成“北京第三使馆区”。不过直到最近两年，才开始有国家在此建设驻华使馆。部分国家如美国、韩国等于近年将大使馆迁入本区。

上海领事馆区

上海领事馆区位于淮海中路，区内除已建成并投入使用的日本领馆和澳大利亚领馆官员公寓外，美国、韩国、新加坡、巴基斯坦以及荷兰、印度、古巴、以色列、罗马尼亚、丹麦、瑞士、阿根廷等国驻沪总领事馆的馆址均设立在此区域范围内。

上海领事馆有如城市的文脉，美国领事馆院子气派，日本领事馆充满神秘色彩……领事馆旁的道路有历史感，人气、商气足，是商人眼中的黄金地段，旁边有很多酒吧、餐厅和小店，区域里商业气氛浓厚。

成都领事馆区

成都领事馆区位于成都市南延线旁的中和镇，面积约为237亩，规划容纳20个领事馆，它将把分散在成都各处的9家领事机构搬到该区域。成都领事馆区主要由馆舍、官邸和配套设施等部分组成，根据各领事馆的需要，将采取特色各异的修建方式，并为今后来川的领事机构留出馆区位置。成都领事馆区的建设主旨在于：专门设立领事馆区，为领事馆提供更完善的服务和更舒适的环境，有利于吸引更多国家在蓉设领事馆，提升成都的国际化水平。领事馆区将成为四川对外开放的一张名片。

沈阳领事馆区

去年10月，沈阳市计划修新的领事馆区，落址前竞赛村，叫蓝海国际社区综合开发项目，规划包括能够满足20-30个领馆建筑的60公顷土地作为沈阳新的领馆区核心区，并在周边2-3平方公里规划配套区，其中包括外国人居住区、蓝海学校、国际医院、商务文化区、酒吧街等。目前，新领事馆区已经省、市政府等相关部门批准，规划方案已经市规委会审定。

广州领事馆区

广州市以前规划了赤岗领事馆区，是广州赤岗外事、文化和高级办公住宅综合新区的重要组成部分，占地面积约23万平方米，位于广州大桥南东侧，处在广州市城市发展战略规划规定的南拓轴上，紧邻新城市中轴线，与开发中的广州珠江新城市中心、二沙岛文化体育商住区隔江相对，东邻琶洲国际博览城，与其共同构成广州市对外交流的窗口。

广州市后来又在南沙规划了广东省规模最大的领馆区，占地面积约150公顷，预计容纳40-50个外国使领馆。

武汉领事馆区

2006年，武汉市就提出规划建设专门的“外国领馆区”，并进行了规划设计。武汉市外侨办有关负责人表示，由于之前时机不太成熟，因而“外国领馆区”一直未开建。随着在汉设立总领事馆的国家越来越多，今年，湖北、武汉已将建设“外国领馆区”列入议事日程。

今年，在武汉市举行的“两会”上，武汉市长唐良智称武汉市已完成领事馆区规划工作，今年将启动领事馆区建设。武汉外国领事馆区选址汉阳墨水湖南岸，紧邻江城大道。目前，法国、美国、德国和香港、台湾等50个国家和地区在武汉都有投资项目，但武汉的领事馆数量目前仅为3个，武汉建设领事馆区将吸引和争取更多国家来汉设立领事馆。

南宁领事馆区

2008年10月20日，位于中国西南边陲的广西南宁领事馆区举行隆重开工仪式。南宁领事馆区是中国—东盟商务区的重要组成部分，主要规划建设东盟以及世界其他国家驻南宁总领事馆，规划建设占地面积8.7公顷，可容纳18个国家领事馆集中在此。

Embassies and Consulates Area in China

Consulate is a general term of an organ which represents a state stationed in another state, including Consulates General, Consulates, Deputy Consulate General, which are responsible for the management of local nationals and other consular services. As the foreign trade and economic cooperation, cultural exchanges and high-level visits increased, many countries established Consulate-General, Consulate,Deputy Consulate, representative office in many big cities in China. In order to better play the role of the consulate, raising the level of internationalization of the city, setting up the opening image, some cities were devoted to establish diplomatic and consular areas to centralize the spreading embassies and consulates.

Embassies Area in Beijing

Embassies Area in Beijing is where all foreign embassies which located in Beijing, it’s also known as "second national boundary", it used to locate at Dongjiaomin Lane that’s outside the front door of Beijing city, now located outside of JianGuoMen and SanLiTun area. In 1980, Beijing Planning and Design Research Institute planned the area which passes the third loops in the lower reaches of Xiama River into the"Third Embassy District of Beijing”. Some countries such as the United States and Korea started to move their embassies into this area in recent years.

Consulates Area in Shanghai

Consulates Area in Shanghai located at Huaihai Zhong Road, besides the Japanese Consulate and Australia consular officials’ apartment which have been built and put into use, other Consulates General such as the United States, Korea, Singapore, Pakistan,Netherlands, India, Cuba, Israel, Romania, Denmark,Switzerland, and Argentina all established in this area. The road that’s next to the Consulates is full of historical, popular, commercial atmosphere. There are lots of bars, restaurants and shops in this area.

Consulates Area in Chengdu

Consulates Area in Chengdu located in Zhonghe Town next to the south of Chengdu with the planned capacity of 20 consulates. Chengdu consulate area includes premises, residences and support facilities,according to the needs of consulates; it will be built with different characteristics, and set aside places for the future consulates.

The main objective of building Consulates Area in Chengdu is to set up consulates, provide better service and more comfortable environment, attracting more countries to set up consulates in Chengdu, promote the level of internationalization of Chengdu.

Consulates Area in Shenyang

Last October, Shenyang planned to build new consulates area which located at former Race Village,called Lanhai international community development project, including the ability to meet the 20-30 of the Consulates building core area of 60 hectares of land and surrounding 2-3 square kilometers area of foreign quarter, blue ocean school, international hospital,business culture area, bar street and so on. At present,the new Consulates area has been approved by relevant provincial and municipal government; the planning programme has been audited by the City Planning Commission.

Consulates Area in Guangzhou

Guangzhou planned Chigang Consulate area before, covers an area of 230,000 square meters,located in the Southeast of Guangzhou Bridge. Later Guangzhou planned the largest Consulate area in Nansha, covers an area of about 150 hectares, it is expected to accommodate 40-50 foreign Consulates.

Consulates Area in Wuhan

Wuhan will start to build consulates area this year.It located in the South of Moshui Lake in Hanyang,close to Jiangcheng Avenue. At present, France, the United States, Germany, Hong Kong, Taiwan and 50 other countries and regions have investments in Wuhan,but there are only 3 consulates in Wuhan currently.Building the consulates area will appeal and attract more countries to build consulates.

Consulates Area in Nanning

On October 20th, 2008, consulates area which located in Nanning,Guangxi held a grand ceremony.Consulates areas in Nanning is an important part of China-ASEAN business district, mainly planning and build the ASEAN as well as the rest of the world Consulates General in Nanning, covering an area of 8.7 hectares which can accommodate up to 18 countries consulates settled here.