2013年高考全国各省市写作题分类集萃
2013-04-29程小明
程小明
一、 基本情况
从上表可以看出：各省高考写作题涵盖了应用文、记叙文、议论文等各种体裁。话题仍然以日常生活、个人情况和热点话题为主。大大减少了控制性，所有题都给考生留下了充分发挥想象的空间，这与广东卷的读写任务题有异曲同工之妙。
笔者将2013年全国各地的高考写作题改编成广东高考的基础写作题或任务写作题，同时对高考原题的写作内容、写作要求和范文都作了相应的修改，方便2014届的考生平时训练。
二、基础写作
1. 江西卷
星光中学（Xingguang High School）近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。
[写作内容]
1. 目的：鼓励学生参加户外锻炼。
2. 时间：4月10日。
3. 地点：大青山（Daqing Mountain）。
4. 活动的过程：
（1）8点在山脚下集合出发往山顶；
（2）一路上聊天、唱歌、说笑、呼吸新鲜空气和欣赏美景；
（3）10点到顶，大家沐浴阳光，雀跃欢呼。
4. 感受：受益匪浅，接近大自然，放松，促进友谊。
[写作要求]
只能用5个句子表达全部内容。
写作点拨
1. 报道已举行过了的活动要用一般过去时。
2. 表目的可用不定式短语；表原因可用分词短语作状语。
3. 表达最后一个要点可用not only...but also...结构。
2. 新课标一
假定你是李华。请你给笔友Peter写封信，告诉他，你叔叔李明将去他所在城市开会，带去他想要的那幅中国画，同时询问他是否可以接机。信中还需说明：
李明特征：身高1.85，结实，瘦脸，戴眼镜，穿蓝色夹克，提黑色行李箱。
航班编号：CA985。
到达时间：8月6日上午11：30。
[写作内容]
1. 写信的目的；
2. 李明外貌特征；
3. 航班编号；
4. 到达的时间。
[写作要求]
1. 只能用5个句子表达全部内容；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不算入总句数。
Dear Peter，
How are you doing？
...
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作点拨
（1）以一般将来时为主。
（2） 要用到介词短语、分词短语、从句等。
（3） 由于要点提示少，可合理添加一些信息。
3. 新课标二
假定你是李华，自制一些中国结（Chinese knots）。
[写作内容]
请给开网店的美国朋友Tom写封信，请他代卖，要点包括：
1. 外观：
（1）形状：钻石；
（2）材料：红丝线、布和其它材料；
（3）尺寸： 约5英寸长，4英寸宽。
2. 象征意义：友谊、爱情和好运。
3. 作用：送礼、挂在房里。
4. 价格：每个12.99 美元。
5. 提示：有需要了解更多情况者，请写信。
[写作要求]
1. 只能用5个句子表达全部内容；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不算入总句数。
Dear Tom，
How are you doing？ I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me. ...
Thank you！
Li Hua
写作点拨
1. 该题是一篇说明文，故以一般现在时为主；
2. 要用到介词短语、分词短语、从句等。
3. 价格的表达有多种，如：sell something at a price of.../ sth costs money...
4 辽宁卷
一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。请你写一篇英文稿件，介绍“中秋节”及这个节日里的主要活动。
[写作内容]
1. 时间：中国农历8月15日。
2. 特点：
（1）中国传统节日之一，享有盛誉；
（2）无论多远和多忙，家人会回家团圆庆祝；
（3）法定假日3天。
3. 主要活动：（1）家人团聚；（2） 赏月、吃月饼；（4） 还有旅游、访友等其他活动。
[写作要求]只能用5个句子表达全部内容。
写作点拨
1. 以一般现在时为主。
2. 要用到同位语、介词短语、分词短语作状语、从句等。
3. 可合理添加一些信息以充实写作内容。
5 北京卷
假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，用英文写一篇周记。记述爸爸出差期间，妈妈生病，你照顾她的过程。
[写作内容]
1. 时间：上周一
2. 事由：
（1）父亲向我和母亲告别去出差三天；
（2）第二天早上母亲生病， 我取药和为她做面条，母亲很快康复；
（3）父亲出差回来，母亲告知情况；
（4）父亲表扬我。
3. 你的看法。
[写作要求]只能用5个句子表达全部内容。
写作点拨
1. 因为是周记，所以主语是“我”，时态用过去时，如一般过去时、过去将来时和过去完成时。
2. 可用分词作伴随状语和时间状语。
3. 从句的使用也可以成为该写作的亮点，尤其是介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。
6. 重庆卷 （求助信/保护长江江豚）
假设你是李华，现请用英文给WWF（世界自然保护基金组织）写一封信，请他们提供帮助。
[写作内容]
1. 写信目的：报告中国长江江豚（finless porpoise）的危急状况。
2. 简述江豚现状： 中国长江江豚受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足100只；
3. 希望WWF如何帮助：
（1）资助江豚保护项目；
（2）对长江江豚进行近距离的观察；
（3）就如何保护它们给予指导。
4. 表示感谢并期望回复。
[写作要求]
1. 只能用5个句子表达全部内容；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不算入总句数。
Dear Sir or Madam，
Im a student from Chongqing， China.
…
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
写作点拨
1. 注意使用一些写求助信的客套用语，如：If it is not too much inconvenient， would you please do...？
2. 简述江豚现状时可用一个where 引导的定语从句；表达第三要点要用到宾语从句和条件状语从句。
7. 天津卷（竞选演讲稿）
假设你是某大学的学生李津，你校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动，你欲参选，请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿。
[写作内容]
1. 个人的优势：（1） 性格外向、与人相处融洽；（2）善于组织各种活动。
2. 组织校内活动的设想：举办讲座、英语晚会等；
3. 组织校际交流活动的设想：举办辩论赛、演讲比赛等；
4. 表达竞选的愿望。
[写作要求]
1. 只能用5个句子表达全部内容；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不算入总句数。
参考词汇：vice president（副主席） run for（竞选）
Good afternoon， my dear friends，
My name is Li Jin，
…
Thank you.
写作点拨
1. 以一般将来时为主，同时要到表“打算”的不同表达，如：I will do... / I am going to do.../ I plan to do... / I intend to do...等。
2. 第一要点的内在逻辑关系是因果关系，故可用分词短语作状语；表达第二、三要点要用到表目的、举例等语言手段。
3. 表达第四个要点时要适当添加一些合理的信息，如for the sake of .... / If you trust me...等，以充实句子。
三、任务写作
1. 江苏卷
请根据你对以下两幅图的理解， 以约120个词就“Actions Speak Louder than Words”写一篇英语短文。
参考词汇： banner （横幅） stump （树桩）
[写作内容]
1. 简要描述两幅图的内容；
2. 概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解；
3. 举例说明两幅图对你的启示。
写作点拨
1. 表达第一个要点时要用表对比的语言手段while...才能把两幅图的差异描述出来。
2. 按要点分段，且每个要点可用一个主题句，位于每段的段首，且单独一句话，然后才是支持主题句的论据。
3. 表达第三个要点可以用正反式来拓展内容要点，故要用到一些表“相反”的语言手段，如：instead of， rather than， on the contrary等。
2. 福建卷
现今父母包揽一切、孩子过度依赖等现象十分严重。
[写作内容]
请根据上面的漫画，以约120个词写一篇英语短文，内容包括：
1. 描述漫画内容；
2. 分析漫画所揭示的问题；
3. 提出你的看法。
注意：短文开头已给出。
参考词汇： pave the way（铺平道路）
From the picture， we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. ...
写作点拨
1. 该写作第一个要点也要用到对比的语言手段...while...来描述孩子与父母之间的所作所为之间的差异，因描述的是一种社会现象，故用一般现在时。
2. 表达第二个要点时可用It is not uncommon that...来引出该段的主题句，并陈述由此现象造成的后果。
3. 表达第三个要点时也可以用instead of， rather than， on the contrary等。
3. 安徽卷
假设你校英语社团举办以“讲求文明，从我做起”为主题的征文活动。
[写作内容]
请你以“On the Way to School”为题，用约120个词写一篇英语短文，内容包括：
1. 遵守交通法规；
2. 注意举止文明。
写作点拨
1. 表达要点一时可使用“现象+结果+要求”的模式来表达，表达现象可用doing something is not uncommon. / It is not uncommon for sb to do.../ We can see a common phenomenon that...等。
2. 表达第二个要点时可先用一个主题句I will keep traffic rules in mind all the way， 然后表达自己在骑自行车、走路、开车时应如何遵守交通规则以及一些其它的文明举止，如：不乱丢垃圾、不随地吐痰等。
4. 四川卷
某中学生英文报近期开辟专栏，讨论学习习惯问题。
[写作内容]
请你结合自身学习实际，用英文为该专栏写一篇大约120个词的稿件，内容包括：
1. 说明学习习惯与学习效果之间的关系；
2. 介绍一种好的学习习惯并提出养成该习惯的建议；
3. 描述自己在学习习惯方面存在的某个问题并给出改进措施。
注意：开头语已为你写好；
Its useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. ________________________________.
写作点拨
1. 在表达第一要点时可用一句谚语，如：Good habits lead to good endings. 来说明学习习惯与学习效果之间的关系，在说理时引用谚语，可增强说服力，注意使用谚语的套语如： A famous saying goes that... 然后说明学生注意良好学习习惯的重要性。
2. 表达第二个要点时不宜直接介绍一种好的学习习惯，可先引用身体健康方面的习惯，后介绍良好学习习惯的作用，最后介绍一种好的学习习惯，如记笔记、课后写学习日记或读后感、设错题集等。
5. 山东卷
假如你是新华中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的打算，但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。
[写作内容]
请以约120个词给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1. 未及时回信的原因；
2. 你假期的打算（如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等）。
写作点拨
1. 该写作开头和结尾没有给出，故要注意写电子邮件回复的格式和套语。
2. 第一个要点可分两段写：第一段：问候+写信背景+写信目的；第二段：“道歉”。
3. 第二个要点也可分两段写：第三段：“假期安排”部分，此要点可以用罗列式来拓展内容要点； 第四段：补充说明+客套话。
6. 湖北卷
请根据以下提示写一篇大约120个词的英语短文。
We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”， but we should also be aware that words can hurt people， too.
[写作内容]
1. 以自己或他人的经历说明以上提示的道理；
2. 你的感受。
写作点拨
1. 写经历时用一般过去时。
2. 可用到一些写经历的模板，如：One incident is vivid in my mind. It happened when I was a teenager ... 或Ones experience is a good example to prove that... . 等。
3. 为把经历写得生动，可用以下句型：（1）sb had done sth when sb did... （2） Doing sth， sb did... （3）Not until ....did one do...等。
7. 陕西卷
假定你是李华，请根据写作要点用大约120个词写一篇英语周记，记述你周末帮助家人做家务的一次经历。
[写作内容]
1. 做家务的重要性和你做家务的理由；
2. 记述一次做家务的过程及感受。
写作点拨
1. 表达第一个要点可用到表 “重要性”的模板，并可用递进式拓展此要点，如：It is significant and meaningful for sb to do... . To begin with， ... Besides，.... Finally，...。
2. 表达第二个要点时可按时间顺序，故要用到一些表时间的过渡性词语，如：Firstly......Then..... After that...。
3. 在表达做家务后的感受，可描写你和父母的一些心理活动，如：父母如何表扬你、给你一个拥抱等；你自己虽然辛苦了一上午，但感到非常开心。
8. 湖南卷
请以下列词语为关键词写一篇大约120个词的英语短文。
match winner loser result
[写作内容]
1. 以你或他人的经历描述一场体育比赛；
2. 你对这场比赛的感受。
注意：必须使用所给4个关键词。
写作点拨
1. 描述一场球类比赛的经历，用过去时；
2. 描述一场比赛，要说明时间、地点和对象，表达比赛过程时可描述一些细节，但要适可而止。
3. 可用到一些体育比赛的谚语，如：友谊第一，比赛第二；失败是成功之母等，合理运用谚语会起到画龙点睛的作用，也是写作增分的有效途径。
9. 浙江卷
请以约120个词就“One Thing Im Proud of”写一篇英语作文，记述一件你自己认为得意的事情。
[写作内容]
1. 记述事情经过；
2. 简述你感到得意的原因或从中得到的启示。
写作点拨
1. 记述事情经过要过去时，写从中得到的启示用一般现在时。
2. 可用到一些写故事、经历的句型，如：（1） On doing sth， sb did... （2）I hit upon a brilliant idea that... （3） sb had no choice but to do sth. 等。
3. 在表达第二个要点时可以巧用与主题有关的谚语，如：熟能生巧等，这在总结全文时能起到深化主题的作用。
10. 上海卷
上海博物馆拟举办一次名画展，现就展出场所（博物馆还是社区图书馆）征集公众意见。
[写作内容]
假设你是王敏，请用约120个词给上海博物馆写一封英文信表达你的想法。
1. 简述你写信的目的；
2. 你对场所的选择；
3. 说明你的理由（从便利性，专业性等方面对这两个场所进行对比）。
写作点拨
1. 注意写信的格式和套语，因为是写给某个具体的单位，故要称呼可以用To whom it may concern致有关人士，结尾要写上Wang Min。
2.该写作要用到表目的、原因、建议等语言手段。陈述多种原因或理由可用：
（1）The reasons why I choose.... are as follows： To begin with， ... Whats more，... Last but not the least， ...
（2）There are several reasons accounting for my choice of.... First， ... Second，... Third，...
11. 重庆卷写作一
请结合材料，按要求用大约120个词写一篇英语短文。
A mother said，“My son is always on the phone， sleeping，out with friends，or in his room. He never has time to talk to me.”
[写作内容]
1. 这位母亲的话说明了当今的一种什么社会现象？
2. 以你自己的实际情况谈谈你对这位母亲说的话的感受；
3. 你该如何与父母沟通？
写作点拨
1. 第一个要点是以问题的形式呈现的，故可以直接回答此要点，且要说明理由；第二、三个要点的主体人称要用第一人称。
2. 该写作要用到表原因、举例等语言手段，以及各种从句；
3. 要用到表“感受”的写作模版，如：
（1）I felt terribly sorry when I read...
（2）Having read...， I felt sorry/ ashamed for...
（3）The mothers words set me thinking that...
4. 表达第三个要点可用递进式或罗列式拓展，因此可恰当使用一些过渡性词语以增强文章的连贯性。
12. 北京卷写作二
You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.
[写作内容]
1. 这幅图传递了一个什么信息？
2. 简单描述这幅图的内容并结合实际阐述我们在理想与现实中该作出什么选择；
3. 在面临不好的状况时我们该怎么做？
写作点拨
1. 要求考生先“理解图画”，考生写作时要在首段直接提出立意。
2. 在发表看法时尽量使用一些评注性副词，如evidently， apparently， undoubtedly， definitely等。
3. 该写作要用到表“对比”和“结论”的语言手段，也可用分词短语作状语、倒装句和双重否定句，以增加文章的亮点。
基础写作 参考范文
1. 江西卷
In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise， our school organized a mountain-climbing on April 10. （表目的的语言手段） At 8：00 am， we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirits. All the way we were chatting， singing and laughing，enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery.（分词短语作状语） About 2 hours later， we all reached the top. Bathed in sunshine，（ 分词短语作状语） we jumped and cheered with joy. The activity benefited us a lot because not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work but it also promoted the friendship among us. （not only引起的倒装句）
2. 新课标一
Dear Peter，
How are you doing？
Im writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference，and Ive asked him to bring you the Chinese painting youve asked for before. Would you please meet my uncle at the airport and take him to his hotel since this is his first visit to the U.S.？（合理添加信息）His flight number is CA985， and it will arrive at 11：30 am， August 6. With a thin face and a pair of glasses，（介词短语） my uncle is strong，about 1.85 metres tall. Carrying a black suitcase （分词短语作状语）， he will be in a blue jacket so you will not easily miss him. （合理添加信息）
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
3. 新课标二
Dear Tom，
How are you doing？I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me. I made them myself with red silk threads， cloth and other materials. Costing only 12，99 US dollars each，（分词短语作状语） they look really beautiful in the shape of a diamond，（介词短语） about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide. In China， these knots stand for friendship， love and good luck. People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses. If anyone wants to know more about the knots， let them write to me and do let me know if you need further information. Thank you！
Li Hua
4 辽宁卷
The Mid-Autumn Festival， one of the traditional Chinese festivals，（同位语手段） falls on the 15th of the eighth month of Our Chinese lunar calendar and it has been enjoying great popularity in our country. Usually， no matter how far away or how busy people are， they will try to come home for the celebration with three days of legal holiday. （介词短语作状语） The moon that night looks the brightest in the whole lunar month （合理信息）so what we love most is the time we enjoy the full moon together. With the beautiful moon up in the sky，（with 复合结构/合理信息） we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit，sharing our stories. （分词短语作状语） In addition to these traditional activities， we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.（举例的语言手段）
5 北京卷
Last Monday，saying goodbye to my mother and me，（分词短语作时间状语）my father went on a business trip during which he would be away for three days. （“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句） Just the next morning， my mother wasnt feeling well because she had a bad cold. I immediately went to get her some medicine and then prepared some noodles for her so thanks to my special care，（介词短语表原因）my mother recovered quickly. When my father came back home， my mother told him what had happened and he praised me for what I had done.（两个宾语从句） I feel very happy that I have done something for my mother.（宾语从句）
6. 重庆卷
Dear Sir or Madam，
Im a student from Chongqing，China. Im writing this letter to you to report you the emergent situation of the Chinese Yangtze finless porpoise where the number of this precious species has promptly dropped to less than 100 because of the human beings destructive influence.（where 引导的定语从句）I hope that your foundation can help those endangered species by donating some money to our project of protecting this endangered species.（宾语从句）If it is not too much inconvenient，（条件状语从句）would you please come to China to have a close observation of the poor porpoises and give us aid and direction to prevent them from dying out completely？
Thanks for reading my letter and I am anxiously looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
7. 天津卷
Good afternoon，my dear friends，
My name is Li Jin. Being outgoing and getting on well with my classmates and teachers，（分词短语作状语）I am skilled in organizing all kinds of activities. Id like to run for the vice president of the English club in our school and I am fully qualified for the job. I know as the vice president，I am going to do the following things for the club： I will try to make it known to every student so that more students will be involved in the activities organized by the club. Also，in order to improve our English and get more students interested in English， （表目的） I intend to organize some activities at school like lectures and English parties and inter-school ones such as English debate competitions and speech contests. （两次举例）For the sake of the English club，（合理添加信息）I hope all of you will vote for me.
Thank you.
三、任务写作
1. 江苏卷
Actions Speak Louder than Words
People celebrate Earth Day differently.（主题句） In picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain，while Picture 2 shows a couple happily planting trees.（表对比）
The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”（主题句）Our earth is suffering severe damage. Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it？The answer is definitely the latter. Immediate actions should be taken， like stopping cutting down trees， to better the environment.
Actions are important in other fields，too.（主题句）Instead of shouting empty slogans，it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need. We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules，stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams.（表相反）Only when we match our words with our actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.（only 引起的倒装句结尾）
2. 福建卷
From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. The son， well dressed， waves proudly in the middle while the father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet， sweating. （表对比）
It is not an uncommon phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families， shouldering the hope of their parents. Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success. As a consequence，children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.
Such a situation is of great concern. In my opinion， overprotection and too much care are extremely bad for childrens growth and development. Instead of doing everything for them，（表相反） parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves. Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful. （以only 引起的倒装句结尾）
3. 安徽卷
On the Way to School
These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，（双重否定） causing serious harm to life and the environment. Changing this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone. As for me， it should start on my way to school.
I will keep traffic rules in mind all the way.（主题句） If I ride a bike， Ill always keep to right and never cross the road until the traffic light turns green. If I walk， Ill never forget to use pedestrian crossing. If I drive a car， I will never run the red light or overspeed. Meanwhile， I will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy. Not only will I keep from littering and spitting anywhere but I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. （not only....but also 倒装句） I hope my behavior will make a difference.
4. 四川卷
Its useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. A famous saying goes that “Good habits lead to good endings.”，which shows the importance of habits. （谚语的使用） Good learning habits can make our study more efficient. As students， we should pay more attention to our habits which we develop in our study.
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. （谚语的使用） Thus， good learning habits can help us gain great learning results including high scores and abundant knowledge. At first， learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes towards the content of our learning. Obviously， a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see， cultivating a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one good learning habits——keep a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by writing learning summary and remember to record something impressive and meaningful. Keep it in mind， and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.
Whats more， I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can just concentrate on reading for a short time and I will overcome this problem by spending more effort on concentration practice.
I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good habits.
5. 山东卷
Dear Tom，
How are you doing？（问候） You asked me in your last letter about my plan for the coming summer vacation.（写信背景） I am sorry that I didnt reply without delay.（写信目的）
How I wish I would read and reply to your email as soon as I received it. However， I was busy preparing for my final exam at that time， which is vital for me. As a result， I had no choice but to completely focus on my study. I believe that if you were me， you would make the same choice.（第二段为道歉信常用套路）
By the way， I have a busy schedule for my summer vacation.（主题句）First and foremost， I will do a part time job so that my interpersonal skills will be improved.（拓展句1） Additionally， I will take a short trip to Beijing to take a summer course in the New Oriental School.（拓展句2） Last but not least， maybe I will work as a volunteer for the school as a teaching assistant.（拓展句3）
These are my plan for the summer vacation. Whats yours？ I am looking forward to your earliest reply.（以合理的客套话结尾）
Yours，
Li Hua
6. 湖北卷
My friend Li Hua admires me for my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
One incident is vivid in my mind. It happened when I was in Senior 1. （写经历的适用模板） One day， we had just learned the new word “eccentric” in class when we were asked by our teacher to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My friend Li Hua is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him.” Hearing this，（分词短语作状语） the whole class burst into laughter but Li Huas face turned red. After class， I learned from the teacher that Li Hua would have dropped out of school if he hadnt been helped by others. My mindless words must have hurt him deeply.（虚拟语气的使用）
Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways. （倒装句） We should avoid hurting others if we cant always be encouraging when we speak.
7. 陕西卷
Its significant and meaningful for children to participate in household chores. To begin with， they are given the chances to contribute their shares and are often rewarded with a spiritual fulfillment. Besides， it releases parents heavy burden of doing housework. But the most important of all， it helps to train their practical ability，thus keeping the balance between study and practice.（递进式拓展） I am an 18 year-old middle school student. I have been busy with my study and seldom helped my parents with the housework. Feeling quite sorry for that，I begin to think about what to do to help.
Last Sunday when my parents went out shopping， I suddenly got an idea： why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning？Firstly I collected all the books， newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture. After that， I swept and mopped the floors. （时间顺序） At this very moment， my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining. My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction in her eyes. Tired as I was， I never felt so happy.（描述心理活动）
8. 湖南卷
This afternoon an exciting basketball match was held between our class and Class 1 on the school playground. It was a close match.
The match began at 5 after class. Many teachers and students watched the games and cheered for their own classes. The players from both sides are all excellent basketball players，so the match went on fiercely at first. Now Li Hua from Class One got the ball. He was just about to pass it to Wang Hu， who was under the basket，when Li Ming from our class rushed up to stop him. Li Hua turned swiftly and with a beautiful back-up shot the ball fell into the basket. The match lasted forty minutes and the result was 38：40：the winner was Cass One， and we were the loser.
We didnt win the match，but we didnt lose heart. On the one hand，we think that friendship comes first， and match comes second. （谚语的使用） On the other hand， since we all tried our best， we had no regret. In our life we may meet many failures. As long as we try our best， theres no need feeling regret for these failures. Whats more， we should analyze the reasons of failure to get success for the next time.
In a word，success is important，so is failure，because its the mother of success.（谚语的使用）
9. 浙江卷
One Thing Im Proud of
I still remember how I became a good rope-skipper.
One day it was announced that there would be a rope-skipping competition in our class. On hearing the announcement，I felt nervous because I had never done rope skipping before. I was at a loss what to do. If I entered for the competition without knowing how to skip，I would certainly be laughed at by other classmates. I thought and thought. A brilliant idea came to my mind that I could ask my little sister to teach me. And she learned how to skip from my mother. How I felt ashamed to ask a 10-year-old girl to teach me. But I had no choice but to make concession for the sake of the competition. At the beginning I found it hard to learn to skip because my feet always blocked the rope. However，I didnt lose heart but changed my way of learning and used one foot to skip. Then step by step I used both of my feet to skip. Gradually I could skip faster and faster. A few days later，I could skip 100 times a minute！ Thanks to my sisters help and my perseverance I took part in the competition confidently. What was the most exciting thing is that I skipped 155 times and ranked fifth. （以上划线部分为写故事常用句型）
I am really proud of this experience， because it helps me realize that we can fulfill our potential and achieve our goals through hard work. It also helps me better understand the proverb “Practice makes perfect”. （谚语的使用）
10. 上海卷
To whom it may concern：
Ive learned that an art exhibition is to be held and that youre collecting suggestions on its location. Im writing this letter to share with you my opinions. （写信的目的）
In my opinion，it is more advisable to hold the art exhibition in Shanghai Museum than in community libraries. （建议的表达手段） My reasons are as follows. （原因的表达手段） On one hand， it is more convenient for people to get to Shanghai Museum which is located in the center of the city. And the museum is much more spacious than community libraries， which provides visitors with a more comfortable environment for appreciating art. On the other hand， as a well-known museum， Shanghai Museum is more professional and experienced in holding art exhibitions. Its professional security guards and advanced facilities can better protect those famous paintings from being damaged or stolen.
Therefore，I suggest the exhibition be held in the museum.（建议的表达手段/ 总结全文）
Wang Min
11. 重庆卷写作一
What the mother said shows a common phenomenon that teenagers seldom communicate with their parents due to the generation gap.（表原因的手段）Sometimes they are so addicted to what they like to do，such as chatting on line，playing，etc. that they are unwilling to talk to their parents. （表举例的语言手段）
Having read about the above common complaint from so many mothers，I feel ashamed and guilty.（表感受的写作模版） I must say that I have been behaving this way to some degree. Though I know parents are the most important persons in my world， I just can not do what they like me to do. Sometimes I quarrel with them over some small matters. At other times I feel angry if they prevent me from doing what I like to do. I quite often stay away from my parents by playing games on my phone， sleeping， and hanging out with my friends， which worries them too much.
Now I am completely wrong but how can I get on well with my parents？First of all，I should regard my parents as my friends，believe in each other and understand each other. Secondly，I need to have heart-to-heart talks with my parents regularly，which will help me have a better understanding of each other. Last but not the least，I will tell them whats going on in school actively and turn to them for some advice if I have problems. Only in these way can I build up a better relationship with my parents.
12 北京卷写作二
The picture conveys a message vividly that a difference between reality and dream may as well be recognized in our life. Evidently，（评注性副词）realizing this difference and trying to shorten this gap is the key to achieving our goals.
In our daily life，some people are aware of their ability and qualities，making great efforts to improve themselves，（分词短语作状语）while（表对比）others ignore the difference between their earnest wish and reality，doing nothing but complain all the time.（分词短语作状语） The confused man in the picture is exactly the latter one. In this picture， the man is fishing on a big stone， waiting and waiting. （分词短语作状语）However，the small fish he has caught is totally different from the big one he is longing for. Now，before him are two options（倒装句）：face the reality and keep trying till he gets the dreamy fish， or drop his fishing rod ， feeling desperate. （分词短语作状语） Apparently，（评注性副词） he chooses the latter one. Such a situation is not uncommon in our society. （双重否定句）We are faced with this kind of intriguing question all the time，and every choice we make has a great influence on our way to success. Making an accurate estimate of our realities and dreams，then sparing no efforts to approach the tip is undoubtedly （评注性状语） the only option for us to make， provided that we are in great want of achieving our goals.
Based on the above statement，a conclusion will be arrived at that learning to accept the reality and adopting a positive attitude towards our dreams is what we are supposed to do， when faced with our less-satisfying situation.（表结论）
（作者单位：深圳市宝安中学）
责任编校 蒋小青
