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植树节

2012-03-12

环球时报 2012-03-12
关键词:王逢鑫动宾植树节

句子:3月12日是中国植树节。

误译:March 12th is Planting-tree Day in China.

正译:March 12th is Tree-planting Day in China.

解释:汉语动宾结构作定语修饰名词,译成英语时语序发生变化,要用“宾语 + 现在分词”结构。这是汉语与英语的不同之处。例如:“节能灯泡”(energy-saving bulb),“解决问题方案”(problem-solving plan)。“植树节”,要译为 Tree- planting Day 或 Tree-planting Festival。英语的 Tree Day 和 Arbor Day 也是“植树节”的意思。arbor 来自拉丁语,其意思是tree(树)。

“植”的第一个意思是“栽种”,与植物有关。英语可以译为to grow, to plant。例如:

1. 这个老汉在房前屋后种植了枣树和梨树。The old man grew date trees and pear trees around his house.

2. 在过去几十年里,这位老人植树造林造福当地百姓。Over the last few decades, the old man has planted large areas of land with trees to benefit the local people.

“植”的第二个意思是“培养”、“树立”,与人或事有关。英语可以译为 to foster, to cultivate。例如:

3. 这位科学家致力于为未来的科技发展培植后备力量。The scientist is engaged in fostering reserve forces for the future scientific and technological development.

“植”的第三个意思是“机体移植”,与人体器官有关。“植皮”,英语可以译为 to graft。“再植”,英语可以译为 to replant, to reattach。例如:

4. 为了争取救他的在大火中烧伤的小儿子的性命,这位父亲请医生将他的皮肤移植到他的孩子身上。In a bid to save the life of his young son who had suffered burns in a fire, the father asked the doctors to graft his skin onto his child.5. 医生们给这个工人做断手再植手术,花了几乎10个小时。It took the doctors almost 10 hours to replant the workers severed hand.▲

(本栏目供稿:王逢鑫教授)

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