系动词的分类与用法
2008-12-08李国勤
李国勤
系动词亦称连系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后面必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
说明：
有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如：
He felt ill yesterday.
他昨天病了。（felt是系动词，后跟表语，说明主语的情况。）
He fell off the ladder.
他从梯子上摔了下来。(fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。)
1）状态系动词
用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：
He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。（is与表语一起说明主语的身份。）
2）持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep， remain， stay， lie， stand。例如：
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
3）表像系动词
用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem， appear， look。例如：
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems （to be）very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
4）感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel， smell， sound， taste。例如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。
5）变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become， grow，turn， fall， get， go， come， run。例如：
He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
6）终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove，turn out，表示“证实”，“变成”之意。例如：
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果）
（一）选择填空：
1. My brother ____ a teacher. He ____ his pupils very much.
A. is, like B. is, likes C. are, likes D. are, like
2. A: How many days ____ there in a week?
B: There ____ seven.
A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is
3. I ____ tired last night.
A. became B. felt C. looked D. am
4. Her face ____ pale（苍白） when she heard the bad news.
A. got B. is C. turned D. was
5. You ____ pale. Whats wrong with you?
A. turn B. seem C. look D. become
6. The boy ____ ill today.
A. are B. is C. be D. am
7. Which ____ bigger, the sun or the moon?
A. are B. is C. be D. ×
8. Neither she nor I ____ a doctor.
A. am not B. am C. are D. is
9. I ____ a worker next year.
A. am B. will be C. be D. will
10. Her voice ____ like my mothers.
A. sounds B. sound C. looks D. look
11. It often rains and the crops ____ fast.
A. get B. turn C. grow D. become
12. A: How are you ____ now?
B: Much better, thank you.
A. getting B. feeling C. making D. turning
13. The teachers smile made me ____ better.
A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt
14. My English teacher ____.
A. all look young B. looks young
C. look young D. all looks young
15. I ____ busy now, but I ____ free next week.
A. am, am B. am, will C. am, will be D. being, will be
16. I ____ at this school next month.
A. am B. will be C. is D. was
17. My brother ____ in the League now.
A. are B. were C. was D. is
18. Come to my office if you ____ free tomorrow.
A. are B. will be C. was D. is
19. If water ____ heated, it will be ____ into vapor （蒸气）.
A. was, turned B. is, turned C. is, get D. was, got
20. If you dont take back what you just said, Mother ____ angry.
A. is B. will be C. get D. feels
21. Neither of us ____ a doctor.
A. am B. are C. is D. were
22. He ____ a famous writer.
A. turns B. become C. is D. are
23. The girls face ____ red.
A. turned B. get C. feel D. look
24. He ____ very glad.
A. look B. turned C. feel D. looks
