how和含how短语的用法
2008-05-31刘希晶
刘希晶
一、how可用作疑问副词和连接副词,意为“怎样,如何,用何方法”。这时how有如下用法。
1. how用作疑问副词,引起特殊疑问句。例如:
How can I get to the airport?到机场我该怎样走?
How is the word spelt?这个单词怎么拼写?
注意:how也可用于询问健康情况如何。例如:
How are your parents?你父母身体好吗?
How are you feeling?你身体(感觉)怎样?
2. how用作连接副词,引导宾语从句。例如:
Tell me how you could escape being burt in the accident. 告诉我在这次事故中你怎么没有受伤。
二、how可用作感叹副词,意为“多么,何等”,引导感叹句,这时,how通常位于形容词和副词之前。例如:
How nice of you to come! 你能来,太好了!
How pleased they were to see us! 他们见到我们有多高兴啊!
How kind you are! 你多么客气啊!
How well you look! 你看来多么健康啊!
三、含how的短语
1. how much可以用来询问不可数名词的数量,也可用来询问物品的价格或总钱数。例如:
How much rice do you want?你想要多少米饭?
How much does this TV set cost?这台电视机卖(值)多少钱?
How much are these things?这些东西一共多少钱?
2. how old可以用来对年龄提问。例如:
How old are you?你多大岁数了?
3. how long意为“多长时间”,可以用来对一段时间提问; how long意为“多长”,可以用来对长度提问。例如:
How long will he stay here?他在这儿要呆多久?
How long is the Great Wall?长城有多长?
4. how soon意为“多久之后”,常用来对“in + 段时间”进行提问。例如:
How soon will he come?他要多久才能来?
How soon will you visit Tokyo?你多久之后去东京?
5. how far意为“多远”,用来对距离进行提问。例如:
How far is it from Jiayuguan to Shanhaiguan?从嘉峪关到山海关有多远?
How far did you walk?你们走了多远?
6. how many意为“多少”,用来对可数名词的数量提问。例如:
How many apples are there in the box?箱子里有多少苹果?
How many pens have you got?你有多少支钢笔?
7. how heavy意为“多重”,用来对重量进行提问。例如:
—How heavy is the stone?这块石头有多重?
—Two kilos. 两公斤。
8. how tall/high意为“多高”,用来对人、物的高度进行提问。 tall指人、树木、建筑物等与宽度相比高度特别突出的物体。 high指其他物体的高度。例如:
How tall is the building?那栋楼有多高?
How high is the wall?这堵墙有多高?
9. how big/large意为“多大,多少”,用来对人或物之“大”进行提问。例如:
How big is the photo?那张照片有多大?
How large is the country in area?这个国家的面积有多大?
10. how often意为“多久一次”,可以用来对动作发生的频率/频度进行提问。例如:
How often do you visit your grandfather?你多长时间去看一次你爷爷?
How often do the buses run?公共汽车多久有一班?
11. How about意为“……怎么样,……怎么办”,相当于What about,用来征求对方的意思或打听消息。例如:
How/What about a drink?喝杯酒怎么样(好吗)?
How about going to France for our holidays?我们到法国去度假如何?
练习:根据汉语句子,用适当的英语单词或短语填空,完成英语句子。
1.____ is he?他有多大年纪了?
2.____ do you go there?你多久去那里一次?
3.____ computers are there in your school?你们学校有多少台电脑?
4.____ water do you want?你要多少水?
5.____ dirty the house is! 这房屋多么脏啊!
6.____ is your grandmother?你祖母身体好吗?
7.____ going for a walk?去散散步怎么样?
8.____ do you find your new job?你觉得你的新工作怎样?
9. —____ will the film last?这部电影要放多长时间?
—It is an hour long. 有一个钟头之久。
10.____ are these tomatoes?这些西红柿有多重?
11.____ is it from your house to the school?从你家到学校有多远?
12.____ will you be back?你多久之后回来?
13.____ is the room?这个房间有多大?
14.____ is Li Ping?李平个子有多高?
15.____ is Mt Qomolangma?珠穆朗玛峰有多高?
Key:
1. How old 2. How often 3. How many 4. How much 5. How__
6. How 7. How about 8. How 9. How long 10. How heavy
11. How far 12. How soon 13. How big 14. How tall 15. How high