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mind的用法与中考

2008-05-31姜经志

中学英语园地·教学指导版 2008年6期
关键词:黄冈市语气谓语

姜经志

近几年,考查mind一词的题目屡见不鲜。现对其用法作一归纳:

一、mind用作名词时,意为“思想”、“想法”、“头脑”、“智力”。常见的含名词mind的短语有:change ones mind(改变主意),make up ones mind(下定决心),set ones mind to (do) (专注于……),keep in mind(记在心里),come into ones mind(计上心来)等。

二、mind用作动词时,意为“介意”、“反对”,常用来表示委婉、客气的请求。含动词mind的常见句式有:

1) “Would/Do you mind doing ...?意为“……你介意吗?”。例如:

Would you mind closing the door?关上门好吗?

2) “Would/Do you mind + 人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词 + doing ...?” 意为“某人做某事,你介意吗?”。例如:

Do you mind my closing the window?(= Do you mind if I close the window?) 我把窗户关上,你介意吗?

构成“Would you mind doing ...?” 的否定式时,通常在doing的前面加not。 例如:

Would you mind not swimming in the river?

Would you mind not being late again?

“Would you mind ...?” 后面接从句时,从句中的谓语动词常为过去式,用来表示委婉的语气。例如:

Would you mind if I closed the window?你介意我把窗户关上吗?

Would you mind if I turned up the radio?我把收音机声音开大点,你反对吗?

“Would you mind ...?” 的同义句式是“Do you mind ...?”。 二者表达相同的意思,只是“Would you mind ...?” 比“Do you mind ...?” 语气显得更客气一些。两者后接从句时,前者从句中的谓语动词常为过去式,而后者从句中的谓语动词则用一般现在时。试比较:

Would you mind if I sat here?(= Do you mind if I sit here?) 我坐在这儿你介意吗?

Do you mind if I smoke here?(= Would you mind if I smoked here?) 我在这里吸烟你介意吗?

在回答这种问题时,必须注意英、汉两种语言之间的差异:

1) 表示不反对或不介意时常用以下句式:No,please do. (好吧,请。)/Certainly not. (当然可以。)/Of course not. (当然可以。)/No,go ahead. (完全可以。)例如:

—Would you mind me smoking here?我在这儿抽烟你介意吗?

—No,please do. 好的,请便。

—Would you mind if I turned on the TV?我打开电视你介意吗?

—Certainly not. 当然可以。

—Would you mind my standing here?你介意我站在这里吗?

—Not at all. 没关系。

2) 如果不同意或不赞成某人做某事,就不要说“Yes,I mind”,应说“Sorry/Im sorry”或“I wish you wouldnt”,然后再陈述拒绝或反对的理由。例如:

—Would you mind my turning off the light?我把灯关掉,你介意吗?

—Im sorry. I havent finished my work. (= I wish you wouldnt. I havent finished my work.) 对不起,我还没有完成我的工作。

“I dont mind.” 意为“我不介意”。例如:

—What do you think of sitcoms?你觉得情景喜剧怎么样?

—I dont mind them. 我不关心那些节目。

Never mind意为“没关系”、“不要紧”,常出现在下列场合:

1) 应答对方的致歉。例如:

—Im sorry. I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. 对不起,我来得匆忙,忘记带吃的了。

—Never mind. You can have ours. 没关系,你可以吃我们的。

2) 安慰对方。例如:

—Did you watch the baseball match yesterday?昨天你看棒球比赛了吗?

—No,I missed it. By the time I got there,it had already finished. 没有,我错过了。当我到达那里时,比赛已经结束了。

—Never mind. It was a boring match. 没关系。那是一场枯燥乏味的比赛。

3) 回答对方的求助。例如:

—Sorry to trouble you. 抱歉,麻烦您一下。

—Never mind. What can I do for you?没关系。我能为你做些什么呢?

[巩固练习]

1. (2007年湖北省黄冈市) —So hot in the classroom. Would you mind

____ the windows?

—OK. Ill do it right now.

A. not closing B. not opening

C. closing D. opening

2. (2007年内蒙古呼和浩特市) Would you mind____ me how____ English words?

A. tell; to remomber B. telling; remember

C. telling; to remember D. tell; remember

3. (2006年吉林省) Would you mind____ more slowly?I cant follow you.

A. speak B. spoke C. spoken D. speaking

4. (2006年贵州省毕节市) Do you mind____ the radio a little bit?I am doing my homework.

A. turning off B. to turn down

C. turning down D. turning up

5. (2006年湖南省湘潭市) Would you mind not____ here?Im doing my homework.

A. sing B. singing C. to sing

6. (2005年安徽省六安市) —Would you mind opening the window?

—____.

A. Of course,open it B. Not at all

C. Certainly D. No,dont do it

7. (2005年山东省菏泽市) —I cant surf the Internet.____ ?

—OK.

A. Can I help you B. Do you mind helping me

C. What shall I do D. Can you give me a hand

8. (2005年湖北省黄冈市) —Its too hot. Would you mind my____ the window?

—____. Do it as you like,please!

A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not

C. closing; Of course D. open; Good idea

9. (2005年四川省内江市) —Would you mind my smoking?

—____.

A. Not at all B. I have no idea

C. Yes,please

10. (2004年浙江省杭州市) —Mary is ill. When shall we go to see her,tonight or tomorrow night?

—____. Either night is OK.

A. Im sure B. Im afraid not

C. I dont know D. I dont mind

11. (2005年江苏省南京市) —Im terribly sorry to have stepped on your foot.

—____.

A. Dont say that B. Never mind

C. Youre welcome D. Thats right

12. (2005年青海省西宁市) —Do you mind if I take the seat?

—____. Its for a gentleman named Bill.

A. Better not B. Never mind

C. Of course D. Not at all

13. (2005年甘肃省) —Do you mind if I smoke here?

—____.

A. Youre welcome

B. Im afraid not

C. Please dont. Its a non-smoking car

D. Yes,I mind

14. (2005年云南省) —Do you mind if I sit here?

—No,but____ . Its for the old,young man.

A. of course not B. better not

C. take it D. not at all

Key:1-5 DCDCB 6-10 BBBAD 11-14 BACB

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