２００８年湖北高考英语完成句子热点预测

俞江涛

考纲指出完成句子题“测试的重点为英语语言知识的综合运用”，故此题重在考查词汇在语法中的应用。分析2007年高考湖北英语卷该部分的试题可知，完成句子部分考查了独立主格结构、宾语从句、主语从句、时态、语态等十几项高中必须掌握的语法知识，考查面很广。值得注意的是有三题给出的汉语提示单词不是一个，而是两个，这在一定程度上确保了考生答题的方向，引导考生按照题干的语境限定做出正确的解答。作为湖北首创的新题型，该部分保持了一定的难度，是考生丢分较多的一个题型。下面对2008年高考的完成句子部分热点作一个预测，希望能给同学们的苦学路上亮起一盏明灯，助你们取得成功！

热点一：动词的时态和语态

完成句子对动词时态语态的考查集中于如下方面：把握语境，根据句子中的时间状语或隐含的时间信息判断句子的时态；掌握一些特殊的时态表示方式以及一些动词的用法限制；要求能够根据句意选择动词的主动或被动形式以及用主动形式表被动意义的特例。

【实战预测】

1. My former English teacher, who______ ______ (工作了20多年) in our school, now lives in his hometown in Huanggang.(work; over)

2. Li Lei____________(在写一本书) about ancient Chinese history last year, but I dont know whether he has finished it.(write)

3. Too many clouds are gathering in the sky. What would you do____________ (如果天下雨) tomorrow?(rain)

4. When Li Hua arrived, he learned Zhang Hui__________________(已经离开几乎一个小时了).(away)

5. Ill call you____________（我一到武汉就会给你打电话）. （get）

6. Li Lei____________ (总是想着别人) but seldom of himself.(think)

7. The water__________________(感觉有点凉) when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.(feel)

8. I didnt tell the students the answer to the math problem until they____________ (做了一个多小时).（work）

9. In this matter he seems to____________ (他没有什么责任). (way; blame)

10. The number of people infected with AIDS could reach 10 million by 2020______ ____________ (除非采取有效措施) to prevent the spread of the disease. (unless; measure)

11. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of____________ (良田流失) each year. (wash)

12. The teacher told the children that_________________(地球绕着太阳转). (move)

13. I will give the children________________________ (一些好书看).(read)

14. With the fast development of economy, Wuhan____________ (呈现出一个崭新的面貌). (take on)

Keys: 1. worked for over 20 years2. was writing a book3. if it rains4. had been away for almost one hour5． as soon as I get to Wuhan6. is always thinking of others7. felt a little cool 8. worked on it for over one hour9. be in no way to blame10. unless effective measures are taken11. land are being washed away12. the earth moves around the sun13. some good books to read14. is taking on a new look

热点二: 情态动词

情态动词表推测和可能性的用法，情态动词 + have done的用法，shall, should, can和must表示特定语气的用法应是考查的热点。同学们在掌握其基本用法的基础上，应细细领会句子的情景特征，不放过任何细节，只有这样才能写出正确的句子来。

【实战预测】

1. If you think that someone____________ (可能中了毒), you should do the following. (poison)

2. There is no light in the dormitory. They_________ (一定去了) to the library. (must)

3. Without the flood in the village two years ago, these lovely children____________(本来能够度过一个快乐的童年).(pass)

4. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I________________________（应该开车送她去那儿）. （should）

5. My MP4 player isnt in my bag. Where__________________(可能把它放在)?(put)

6. No person____________(准吸烟或携带点着的香烟), cigar or pipe in this area. （light）

7. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman____________ (竟然对一位女士这么粗鲁).(rude)

8. Tom, you__________________ (不许把衣放在地板上) like this.(leave)

9. My cat is really fat. I____________ （不该给它这么多吃的）. (food)

10. You____________(没有必要洗) all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of things. (wash)

11. Its a pity that he____________(他竟然这么粗心). (careless)

12. The room is so dirty,____________ (我们打扫一下好吗)?(clean)

13． The North Lake____________ （本来应该是很美丽的） but it is now heavily polluted.(beautiful)

Keys: 1. may / might have been poisoned2． must have gone3. could have passed a happy childhood4. should have driven her there5. can I have put it6. shall smoke or carry a lighted cigarette7. should be so rude to a lady8. mustnt leave all your clothes on the floor9. shouldnt have given her so much food10. neednt have washed11. should be so careless12. shall we clean it13. should be beautiful

热点三：非谓语动词

非谓语动词包括现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式和动名词。要熟练掌握它们的语法功能，在做涉及到非谓语动词的完成句子时，一定要分析句子结构，判断设空在句子中所充当的成分，能找准动作的逻辑主语，判断主动或被动关系，搜索时间信息，确定正确形式，检查所填内容是否能使句子意思通顺。

【实战预测】

1.____________ (意识到我能够) use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment. (realize)

2.____________ (致力于他的研究), he spared no time to spend a weekend with his family. (devote)

3. I hurried to the stadium without supper,____________ (结果被告知) the football match I had been longing to was cancelled. (only, tell)

4. I never dreamed of______(有机会) for me to be able to get the admission notice from my dream university. (there be)

5.____________ (在阳光下看书) is bad for your eyes. (read)

6. Robert is said____________(正在国外学习), but I dont know what country he studies in. (abroad)

7.____________ (走进教室后), I found him reading a book attentively. (on)

8. Believe it or not, few visitors leave this small village____________(感到失望). (feel)

9.__________________（汽油耗尽了）, she had to stop the car near the road and wait for help.(use)

10. Id better get some petrol. Mine seems__________________ (已经抽完). (run)

11.____________(没被录用) by that well-known company, he was greatly depressed.(employ)

12.____________(被诊断患有艾滋病),Lily lost hope in life first. (diagnose)

13. By____________ (借着做运动)，we can always stay healthy. (exercise)

14. The boy rushed out in a hurry,______ ___________(留下门) unlocked. (leave)

15.__________________(获得了一等奖), he was praised by the headmaster. (award)

Keys: 1. Having realized that I could 2. Devoted (Devoting himself) to his research3. only to be told that4. there being a chance5. Reading in the sun6. to be studying abroad7. On entering the classroom8. feeling disappointed9. Petrol used up10. to be running out11. Not having been employed12. Diagnosed with AIDS13. taking exercise14. leaving the door15. Awarded first prize

热点四：三大从句

名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句在历年的高考中都曾大规模的考查，考查方面集中于连词的选择和使用上。它们也体现在完成句子这一题型中，同学们一定要牢记它们的用法，重视句子的语境，正确把握句子的结构，敏锐地捕捉信息词、句。

【实战预测】

1.____________ (他是否对艺术有鉴赏力) isnt known to us. (eye)

2. It has been announced that______________________________ (任何被抓住舞弊的人) in the exam will be graded zero. (catch; cheat)

3. I didnt expect to come home and find__________________(他已离开了).(leave)

4. I havent the slightest idea____________ __________ (他们正在说什么).(talk)

5. Students should be brought up to know that love, happiness and successare______ _________________ (金钱所买不到的). (buy)

6. She tore up all the letters he____________ ___________ (寄给她的).(send)

7. His first stop was____________ (在今天越南的一部分).(what; Vietnam)

8.__________________(违反交通规则的人)should be punished. (those; violate)

9. In a sports team each player has a clear role, and____________ (很少有这样的情况) members are confused or uncertain of their rules.(occasion)

10. A good example of how transportation is changing is the new maglev train,______ _______________(它是环保的). (which)

11. Ill never forget how happy I was______________ (当我踏上) my hometown. (set)

12.____________(任何时候有困难), dont hesitate to tell me.(trouble)

13. Mr Li made full preparation for the experiment____________(以便实验能顺利进行). (conduct)

14.__________________(使我真正失望的是) is that he failed in the exam again.(disappoint)

15.____________(无论你怎么努力)，working towards a career for which you are not suitable is not going to get you there. (no matter)

Keys: 1. Whether he has an eye for art2. whoever / anyone who is caught cheating3. he had left4. (of) what they are talking about5. what cannot be bought with money / what money cannot buy6. had sent her7. in what is today a part of Vietnam8. Those who violate traffic regulations9. there are few occasions when10. which is environmentally friendly11. when / as I set foot in12. Whenever (you are) in trouble13. so that it could be conducted smoothly14. What really disappointed / disappoints me15. No matter how hard you try

热点五：强调、倒装与省略

强调、倒装与省略在完成句子部分应注意如下方面：掌握强调句型的结构，根据句意弄清是对什么进行强调；动词的强调句型；否定意义的副词、介词短语；were, should或had置于句首的倒装情况；only置于句首的倒装情况；so, neither或nor置于句首的倒装情况; 表地点或方位的介词短语置于句首的倒装，让步状语从句的倒装。是限制性定语从句还是宾语从句中的省略或是某些特殊的省略结构。

【实战预测】

1. Research has shown that successful language learners__________________ (确实有相当多的共同特点). (share)

2． It is____________ (从20世纪90年代起) scientists started to develop new techniques.(from)

3.____________（正是由于她太没有经验）that she does not know how to deal with the situation. (too)

4.____________(在任何别处你不可能看到) so many grand bridges as in Wuhan. (nowhere)

5. Only after you put what you have learned to use____________(你才能掌握它). (acquire)

6. Not until she saw her mother____________ __________ （她才放声大哭）.(break)

7.__________________(时间是如此珍贵) that we cant afford to waste it.(precious)

8． Should____________（如果明天下雨）, we would have to stay at home. (rain)

9.____________ (如果你复习了你的功课), you might have passed the exam. （revise）

10. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before____________(被完全接受). (accept)

11. Mr Li has done____________ (尽一切可能去帮) us improve our English. (that)

12. The fried chicken we ate at the restaurant yesterday is marvelous. Id like to have it again even if it costs____________ (两倍的价钱).(as)

13. When____________(第一次被引进时) China, the dance made Chinese viewers crazy.(introduce)

Keys: 1. do share quite a few common characteristics2. from the 1990s that3. It is because she is too inexperienced4. Nowhere else can you see5. can you acquire it6. did she break into tears7. So precious is time8. it rain9. Had you revised your lessons10. (they are) fully accepted11. all (that) he could to help12. twice as much13. (it was ) first introduced to

热点六：主谓一致

主谓一致要注意三个原则，即语法形式一致、意义一致和就近原则。分析句子结构和句意，锁定影响谓语动词形式的主语；正确判断一些较为特殊的主语是单数还是复数，写出结构完整、情境吻合的答案。

【实战预测】

1. Whether he comes or not____________(不要紧).(be; matter)

2. The pair of shoes in that box____________(属于我).(belong)

3. Not only you but also she____________(喜欢卓别林的电影).(like)

4. The father as well as his four children____________(到结了冰的河上去溜冰)every Sunday in winter.(skate)

5. Either you or the headmaster____________ ______ (发奖给) these gifts to the students at the meeting. (is; hand)

6. On the top of these books____________ (是你在找的相册).(photo album)

7. He is the one of the students who__________ (奖学金的获得者) for three years.(winner)

8. A survey of the opinions of students______ _________(证明他们需要更多的自由). (prove)

9. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in this area____________ (需要重建).(repair)

10. As you see, the number of cars on roads__________ (持续增长) these days. (rise)

11. A poet and artist____________ (要来对我们讲) about Chinese literature tomorrow afternoon. (come; speak)

12. Each boy and each girl____________ (有一个礼物).(get)

13. When to start____________(还没决定).(decide)

14. Many a student____________(喜欢踢足球).（like）

15. The majority of students____________(支持) his suggestion. (favor)

Keys: 1. is of no matter2. belongs to me3. likes Chaplins movies4. goes skating on the frozen river5. is to hand out6. is the photo album you are looking for7. is a winner of scholarship8. proves that they need more freedom9. need repairing / to be repaired10. keeps rising11. is coming to speak to us12. has got a present13. hasnt been decided14. likes playing football15. are in favor of

热点七：感叹句、There be句型、动词 +宾语 + 宾补、祈使句、比较级的句子结构、with的复合结构、独立主格结构等。

熟记各种句型结构的构成、功能，根据句子空格前后具体的语境写出符合句意、结构正确的句子。

【实战预测】

1.__________________ （多么激动人心的消息啊）it is that China successfully launched Change I, the lunar orbiter! (news)

2. And if we are feeling down or lonely,____________ (没有更好) than to see the smiling face of a good friend. (nothing)

3. Some experts pointed out that a wise government should try to______ (告知其民众) when every decision, no matter big or small, is made.(keep; inform)

4.____________ (很多朋友不在)，we decided to put the meeting off.(absent)

5. With____________ (一切都考虑在内), the company decided to give up the market in Shanghai. (consideration)

6.______ （天气允许）, meals will be served outside. (permit)

7. Tommorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only ＄2____________(用它给吉姆买一个礼物).(with)

8. The harder you work,____________(你进步愈快).(more)

9. Its unfair. His room is____________(是我的两倍大).(size)

10.____________ (听从医生的建议), or your cough will get worse.(follow)

11. The teacher came into the classroom, ____________ （手里拿着书）.(hand)

Keys: 1. What exciting news2. there is nothing better3. keep its people informed4. With so many friends (being) absent5. everything taken into consideration6. Weather permitting / If weather permits7. with which to buy a present for Jim8. the more progress you will make9. twice the size of mine10. Follow your doctors advice11. book in hand / with a book in his hand

热点八：虚拟语气

要根据句子的语境灵活多变地运用好虚拟语气，写出正确的句子来，像含蓄条件句、时间错综句、虚实错综句和省略连词if的句子等。

【实战预测】

1.____________ （要是我有保险的话），the sickness wouldnt have caused such a big problem. (if; insurance)

2. But for the constant efforts of Chinese space researchers, the Change I, the first lunar obiter__________________(不可能发射了). (launch)

3. He put a blanket over the baby__________________(担心她会) catch a cold. (fear)

4. I wish people would find out the facts and not act____________ (好像我是) a bad or dangerous person. (if)

5.__________________(如果你可以随意设计) your own dream house, what would that house look like?(design)

6. He________________________(不可能取得这么大的进步) without your help. (progress)

7. If they__________________(今天上午早点离开家), they would arrive in half an hour. (leave)

8. She__________________ (本来要出席会议的) but she was ill. (present)

9.__________________ (如果我年轻的话), I would join the army. (young)

10. The two strangers talked____________ ____________ (像是多年的老朋友). (as if)

11. He insisted that__________________ (会议应该被推迟). (put)

12. His idea that____________ （我们应该去参观长城） was warmly welcomed. （visit）

13.____________(要是我有更多的钱), I would buy a car. (have)

14. It is high time that__________________(我们在那儿植树). (plant)

Keys:

1. If I had had insurance2. couldnt have been launched3. for fear that she should4. as if I were5. If you were free to design / Were you free to design6. could not have made such great progress7. had left home earlier this morning 8. would have been present at the meeting9. Were I young / If I were young10. as if they had been friends for years.11. the meeting (should) be put off12. we (should) visit the Great Wall13. If I had more money14. we should plant trees there

热点九：对中学语法和各种结构的综合考查

高考对完成句子的考查有时只考一个或两个语法点，有时考查多个语法点的结合，这就要求同学们在老师的指导下对中学的语法进行梳理归纳，熟记于心，并结合句子所提供的语境和所提供的单词，细致、灵活地加以运用。

【实战预测】

1.__________________ (也许更为重要的是) is to observe how primates live in the wild. (importance)

2. Not only__________________ (要帮助) the disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it.(give)

3. We asked the professor____________(我们能为动植物免遭危害做些什么).(keep; endanger)

4.____________ (这条商业街是否需要重建) is still under discussion.(rebuild)

5. We will not let our culture be destroyed and we____________(我们将尽一切可能去挽救我们的城市). (all)

6. Nearby____________ （是农民自己盖的房子） themselves.(house; build)

7. I sometimes wonder what it is that______ ___________(使这个计划如此成功). (success)

8. These laws____________ （在二战期间被废除了）, making it easier for Asians to enter the United States.(abolish)

Keys:

1. What may be of greater importance。考查what引导的主语从句和be of + n.的结构。

2． will help be given to。本题考查了如下方面：时态will（一般将来时）；语态be given（被动语态）；倒装will help；词组搭配be given to等。

3. what we can do to keep animals and plants from being endangered。本题综合考查了what引导宾语从句、不定式作目的状语及keep ... from ...结构。

4. Whether this business street needs rebuilding。本题综合考查了whether引导的主语从句和need接doing表被动的用法。

5. will do all (that) we can to save our city。本题中all作先行词，关系代词用that，由于that在从句中作宾语时可省略; do和前面的谓语动词重复，故可省略。

6. are the houses which were built by the peasants。本题综合考查了倒装句和被动语态。

7. has made the plan such a success。本题综合考查了现在完成时、make + 宾语 + 宾补和抽象名词success具体化的用法。

8. were abolished during World War Ⅱ。本题综合考查了一般过去时的被动语态和数的一致，注意二战的首字母应大写。