新目标七年级下Ｕｎｉｔｓ５－６词语辨析

张　庆

Unit 5

1. see/look/watch/read

我们平常说看报纸，而在英语中表示看的单词有很多，那么我们究竟用哪个?是look, see，watch，还是read呢?

[一语击破]

see是指自然而然地看，强调看的结果，不可用进行时态。

look是指想看而向目标看去，强调看的过程，可用进行时。如：

Jane looked at the blackboard but could not see the words clearly.

简看着黑板但看不清上面的字。

watch是指注意看，尤其指看动的东西，如：看电视、看比赛。

read是阅读，如看文章等。

[巩固精练]

用see, look, watch或read填空：

1. Can you ____ the words on the blackboard？They are so small.

2. ____!There is a little sheep on the hill.

3. They are going to ____ a football match this Sunday.

4. ——What are you doing? ——Im ____ a novel.

Key:1.see2.Look3.watch4.reading

2. talk to/talk about

Why are the men talking to the policeman?

这些人为什么同警察谈话?

Talk about this picture, and ask a friend questions about it.

看图说话，请就这张图画向一位朋友问几个问题。

[词义辨析]

(1) talk to表示“与……交谈”的意思，后面跟谈话的对象，用作宾语，介词to可换成with(用with是美国英语)。例如：

He is talking to/with a comrade. 他在和一位同志谈话。

(2) talk about表示“谈”，“谈论”的意思，后面跟谈话的内容，可用人或物作宾语。例如：

The children are talking about a film. 孩子们在谈论一部电影。

[巩固精练]

用talk to或talk about填空：

1. What are you ____?

2. I want to ____ you about a very important matter.

3. People are beginning to ____ him.

4. He is ____ writing a play for children.

5. Work in pairs and ____ these pictures.

Key:1.talking about 2.talk to 3.talk about/to 4.talking about 5.talk about

Unit 6

1. study/learn

[一语击破]

A.这两个动词都作“学习”解，有时可以互换使用。例如：

He is learning/studying English now. 现在他在学习英语。

B.learn 往往指通过学习、练习或由教授以获得某种知识或技能，侧重学习的成果，有“学会”，“学到”的意思。study 通常指比较深入地学习，含有努力去学的意味，它侧重学习的过程，有“研究”，“钻研”的意思。例如：

He studies hard and he will surely learn the language.

他努力学习，一定会学会这门语言。

注意：“向某人学习”应该说learn from sb., 不能用study。例如：

Learn from Lei Feng. 向雷锋学习。

由learn 构成的词组有：learn by oneself 自学， learn…by heart把……背下来，牢记。

[巩固精练]

用study 或learn填空：

1. The boy ____ to swim now.

2. ____ hard, work hard, do better every day.

3. The general(将军) ____ a map in the room now.

4. We are going to ____ a new lesson this week.

5. We should ____ from each other.

Key:1.is learning 2.Study 3.is studying 4.learn/study 5.learn

2. surprised/surprising

[一语击破]

这两个词都可以用作形容词，表示“惊奇的”之意，但各自的含义不同。

A.surprised 表示人因为突然或意想不到的情况而感到惊奇，作“惊奇的”、“意外的”解，其后常接at sth./sb. 或接不定式、that从句，表示原因。如：

We were surprised at him/his behaviour.

我们对他（对他的行为）感到诧异。

I was surprised to hear that he failed in the exam.

我听说他考试不及格，感到意外。

B.surprising表示某事物引起或使得他人惊奇的意思，作“使人惊奇的”、“出人意料的”解。如:

It is not surprising that Robert got fired.

罗伯特被解雇了，这没有什么可大惊小怪的。

[巩固精练]

用surprised 或surprising填空

1. He looked ____ to see Cassie standing by the front door.

2. Dont be ____ if the interviewer is rather direct.

3. She told me a ____ thing.

4. Its ____ how quickly you get used to things.

Key:1.surprised 2.surprised 3.surprising 4.surprising

3．everyone/every one

[一语击破]

everyone=everybody 意为“每个人”，“大家”，其后不跟of 引起的介词短语。every one意为“每个（人或物）”，具体指什么要看后面of 短语的内容。如果后面没有of 短语，要用everyone 表示人, every one 表示物。

[巩固精练]

用everyone或 every one 填空：

1. ____ of the children enjoys reading picture books.

2. I would like ____ to be happy.

3. ____ of the books is very useful.

4. Tell me their address. Ill put ____ down in my notebook.

Key:1.Every one 2.everyone 3.Every one4.everyone