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自然与艺术

2005-04-29赵秀明

世界文化 2005年4期
关键词:诸神攀登者色调

赵秀明

无论是色彩还是形状,大自然都像键盘包含所有音乐的音符一样,蕴涵有所有绘画的成分。艺术家的天职就是从这些成分中精心选择,然后将它们巧妙地结合起来,构成一幅美丽的图画。这就如同音乐家用音符从无序的声音中创作出动听而和谐的乐曲一般。如果说画家可以依照大自然本来的样子去创作,那么演奏家也就可以坐在钢琴上了……

巍巍颠峰,皑皑白雪,因其清晰可见而不见尊严,而攀登者却因能够看见山顶上的成功者而会于心。对于大多数人,单单是为了要看见而要远眺的愿望只是需要得到满足而已,因此,仅仅以能一睹细节为快。

每当傍晚,那富有诗意的迷雾便如面纱一般笼罩着溪边,陈旧的房屋消失在朦胧的天空,高高的烟囱犹似一座座钟楼,幢幢库房恍如夜间的宫殿,整座城市悬在空中,宛若仙境展现在我们眼前。此时此刻,路上的行人匆匆赶路回家,无论是劳动者还是饱读经书者,智慧者还是寻求乐趣者,只因为他们再也看不见什么,也就不能有所理解。而这时已经开始歌唱的大自然便把自己微妙的歌唱给艺术家,他既是她的儿子也是她的主人。说是她的儿子是因为爱他,说是她的主人是因为理解他。

只有面对他时,她才展现出她的全部奥妙,只有面对他时,她的内涵才逐渐变得如此清晰。他观察着她如花的美丽,但不是用为植物学家采集实物的放大镜,而是用一种光,一种人们用来在她所选择的灿烂的色调和微妙的色彩中可以看见即将诞生的画面是多么和谐的光。

他并不像那些门外汉那样,不加思索地描摹每一片草叶,而是在那亭亭玉立的茎干上,在那细长弯曲的叶子里,发现了尊严与优雅、力量与甜美,而后诞生出高雅的艺术。

在淡淡的蝴蝶那香淡黄色并带有鲜艳橘黄斑点的翅膀里,他看见了金碧辉煌的大厅以及里面耸立着的金黄石柱,而且明白了高高绘于墙上的精巧图画,须用轻柔的雄黄色调描摹出来,并以更淡的底色将其绘制下来。在所有这些娇巧可爱的元素中,他都能得到如何进行创作的启示,这样,大自然也就成了随时供他汲取的资源,并总是为他服务而从不拒绝。然后通过他的大脑,就如同通过最后一道蒸馏器一样,使来自诸神并由诸神托付给他去实现的思想之精髓得到净化。

由于受到诸神的青睐去完成他们的作品,他创作了被称之为杰作的绝妙佳作,其完美程度超出了诸神在大自然里所创造的一切。他们站在一旁,惊叹不已,并发现米洛斯岛上的维纳斯像比他们自己的夏娃还要美丽的多。

Nature and Art

Nature contains the elements, in colour and form, of all pictures, as the keyboard contains the notes of all music. But the artist is born to pick, and choose, and group with science, these elements, that the result may be beautiful -- as the musician gathers his notes, and forms his chords, until he brings forth from chaos glorious harmony.To say to the painter, that Nature is to be taken as she is, is to say to the player, that he may sit on the piano. . .

The dignity of the snow-capped mountain is lost in distinctness, but the joy of the tourist is to recognize the traveller on the top. The desire to see, for the sake of seeing, is, with the mass, alone the one to be gratified, hence the delight in detail.

And when the evening mist clothes the riverside with poetry, as with a veil, and the poor buildings lose themselves in the dim sky, and the tall chimneys become campanili, and the warehouses are palaces in the night, and the whole city hangs in the heavens, and fairy-land is before us -- then the wayfarer hastens home; the working man and the cultured one, the wise man and the one of pleasure, cease to understand, as they have ceased to see, and Nature, who, for once, has sung in tune, sings her exquisite song to the artist alone, her son and her master - her son in that he loves her, her master in that he knows her.

To him her secrets are unfolded, to him her lessons have become gradually clear. He looks at her flower, not with the enlarging lens, that he may gather facts for the botanist, but with the light of the one who sees in her choice selection of brilliant tones and delicate tints, suggestions of future harmonies.

He does not confine himself to purposeless copying, without thought, each blade of grass, as commended by the inconsequent, but, in the long curve of the narrow leaf, corrected by the straight tall stem, he learns how grace is wedded to dignity, how strength enhances sweetness, that elegance shall be the result.

In the citron wing of the pale butterfly, with its dainty spots of orange, he sees before him the stately halls of fair gold, with their slender saffron pillars, and is taught how the delicate drawing high upon the walls shall be traced in tender tones of .orpiment, and repeated by the base in notes of graver hue.In all that is dainty and lovable he finds hints for his own combinations, and thus is Nature ever his resource and always at his service, and to him is naught refused.Through his brain, as through the last alembic, is distilled the refined essence of that thought which began with the Gods, and which they left him to carry out.

Set apart by them to complete their works, he produces that wondrous thing called the masterpiece, which surpasses in perfection all that they have contrived in what is called Nature; and the Gods stand by and marvel, and perceive how far away more beautiful is the Venus of Melos than was their own Eve.

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