中考英语样卷完形填空题解析

曲永华

完形填空設题通常分为两种：词义辨析与语法结构，习惯搭配与语境推理。如何解答此类试题才能获得高分呢？

在做完形填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能做出恰当的选择。具体可分为以下三步。

一、通读全文，掌握大意

理解全文是突破完形填空题难关的基础。要快速地阅读全文，尽管有空格、生词和不理解的地方，仍要坚持快速地读完全文。阅读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，画出某些代表人物和情节的词，以便于形成思路。千万不能在未掌握全文大意的情况下，边阅读边做题。

二、瞻前顾后，了解上下文

通读全文后，回过头来再读空格所在的句子，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空格，在初定答案时，要“两手抓”，在两处同时试填，然后确定答案。遇到少数没有把握的选项时，可暂时跳过空格，还按原来的思路继续进行，等到大部分答案选出后，根据已经补全的信息，进一步增强对全文的理解，再琢磨剩下的选项，就会清楚地理解空格处要填的词汇。

三、分析语境，进行词义推敲

把填好的全文阅读一遍，进行核查，看所选的答案是否能使上下文连贯，是否合乎逻辑，同时还要从语法、词汇、固定搭配、常识甚至语感等方面考虑验证，特别要对第一次没有把握的选项，仔细斟酌推敲。

下面对2024年辽宁省初中学业水平考试英语样卷完形填空试题进行解读。

A lark （云雀） made her nest （鸟巢） in a field of young wheat （小麦）. In this nest were three baby larks. The mother had to fly away every day to get them21 . All around them the wheat grew tall and began to ripen （成熟）.

One day， a farmer and his son came to the22 .The farmer said， “This wheat is ripe. We must ask someone to help us23it.”

Hearing what they said， the larks were in great24because they were afraid of losing their home. When their mother got back to the nest， they at once told her what they had heard.

“We must25at once！” said the young larks. “Or the men will come and kill us.”

“There is no need to26now， my children，” said the mother. “We are quite safe at present. The man who waits for others to help him with his27is not to be feared. But when they come again， listen and tell me what they say.”

A few days later， the farmer found that the wheat was so ripe. He said to his son，“ 28this wheat is not cut at once， we will lose half of them. We cant afford to wait any longer for help from others. Tomorrow we must start to work， ourselves.”

When the young larks told their mother what they had heard that day， she said， “Ah！ Its29for us to leave now. When a man decides to do his own work and not to30

anyone else， then it is sure to be done.”

By this time the little larks could fly， so the next day， they flew away to a new home.

（）21. A. time B. food C. fun D. space

（）22. A. house       B. market       C. field           D. park

（）23. A. eat         B. cut         C. sell           D. grow

（）24. A. fear         B. happiness   C. excitement     D. surprise

（）25. A. sleep         B. stop         C. shout         D. move

（）26. A. worry       B. regret       C. check         D. practice

（）27. A. study       B. health       C. work         D. exercise

（）28. A. Unless       B. Although     C. Until         D. If

（）29. A. necessary   B. difficult     C. impossible     D. interesting

（）30. A. look after   B. laugh at     C. listen to       D. depend on

故事梗概：本文選自《伊索寓言》中的故事——《百灵鸟和它的孩子们》。大意是：有一只云雀把家安在一片青嫩的麦田里。当麦子熟了的时候，为了安全它们就不得不搬走，所以在麦子收割之前，云雀沉着冷静，抓住机会，吩咐它的孩子们苦练飞行本领，终于在麦子收割之前能够翱翔天空，安全抵达新家。故事同时也告诉我们一个道理：“当一个人要叫上他的朋友来帮忙，那就意味着这件事暂时还不会被做；当一个人决定去做自己的事情而不依赖任何人，那你就可以确信不会再有任何耽搁了。”

注：lark：n. 百灵（百灵科鸟的统称）；云雀

样题解析：

21. B。此题考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这位母亲每天都要飞去给它们寻找_________。”

四个选项含义分别为：A.时间B.食物C.乐趣D.空间。结合语境，根据句意，选项B符合语境。

22. C。此题考查名词词义辨析。句意：“一天，一个农民和他的儿子来到_________。”

四个选项含义分别为：A.房子B.市场C.田野D.公园。结合语境，根据句意，选项C符合语境。

23. B。 此题考查动词词义辨析。句意：“农夫说： ‘这些小麦已经成熟了，我们必须请人帮我们_________它。” 四个选项含义分别为：A.吃 B. 割 C. 卖 D. 生长。结合语境，根据句意，选项B符合语境。

24. A。此题考查名词词义辨析。句意：“听到他们说的话，云雀们非常_________，因为他们害怕失去家园。”四个选项含义分别为：A.恐惧B.幸福C.兴奋D.惊讶。结合语境，根据句意，选项A符合语境。

25. D。此题考查动词词义辨析。句意：“‘我们必须马上_________！小云雀说。”四个选项含义分别为：A.睡觉B.停止C.喊叫D.移动。结合语境，根据句意，选项D符合语境。

26. A。此题考查动词词义辨析。句意：“‘我的孩子们，现在没有必要_________，母亲说。”四个选项含义分别为：A.担心B.后悔C.检查D.练习。结合语境，根据句意，选项A符合语境。

27. C。此题考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们目前相当安全。等待别人帮助他完成_________的人是不可怕的。但是当他们再来的时候，听着，告诉我他们说了什么。”四个选项含义分别为：A.学习B.健康C.工作D.锻炼。结合语境，根据句意，选项C符合语境。

28. D。此题考查状语从句连接词用法。句意：“他对儿子说：‘这些小麦_________

不能马上收割，我们会损失一半。”四个选项含义分别为：A.除非是 B .虽然是 C. 直到 D.如果。结合语境，根据句意，选项D符合语境。

29. A。此题考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当小云雀把那天听到的话告诉它们的母亲时，她说：‘啊！我们现在_________该走了。”四个选项含义分别为：A.必要B.困难C.不可能D.有趣。结合语境，根据句意，选项A符合语境。

30. D。此题考查动词短语辨析。句意：“当一个人决定做他自己的工作而不_________

任何人时，那么这件事就一定会做。”四个选项含义分别为：A.照顾 B. 笑 C. 听 D. 依赖。结合语境，根据句意，选项D符合语境。

实战演练：

【导语】本文作者以自己的经历告诉我们父母正确的价值观会对孩子产生很大的影响。

I remember the year when I was seven years old. I__1__ a pretty hair clip from a girl in my dance class. My__2__ found the shiny clip was not bought by them. So they sat me down on the floor of our study and explained__3__ what I had done was wrong. What a bad end I would come to if I became a thief—people would not trust me any more.

More than thirty years on， the lesson has reminded me a lot. Ive never taken__4__ that was not mine away. Once， I left a store wearing a pair of sunglasses Id tried on and then I__5__ gave it back. But that gave me the feeling of shame for months.

Though my childhood memories are not__6__， such moments when my parents told me good values are always in my mind. They provided a standard of good__7__： to put myself in others shoes and to control my greed （貪欲）.

The social environment in the coming age__8__ each generations value， but families have the deeper effect on children. The right values from our parents can finally lead us to__9__.

I believe in truth because my parents raise me to do so， even though sometimes my opinions are different from theirs. I believe in__10__ because my parents set me good examples. They cure the sick and visit the lonely. I believe in working hard because my parents devote themselves to the society. Good values from my family have shaped me. And I will pass them on to my kids.

（）1. A. borrowed B. discovered C. stole D. pulled

（）2. A. friends B. classmates C. teachers D. parents

（）3. A. why B. where C. how D. when

（）4. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything

（）5. A. quickly B. simply C. happily D. easily

（）6. A. wonderful B. clear C. funny D. different

（）7. A. abilities B. qualities C. scores D. services

（）8. A. confirms B. decides C. influences D. proves

（）9. A. look up B. grow up C. turn up D. hurry up

（）10. A. kindness B. fitness C. carefulness D. happiness

【答案】1-5.CDADA    6-10.BBCBA

（作者单位：辽宁省东港市黑沟学校）