提升城市品质

中国快速的现代化进程伴随着剧烈的城市空间变迁，许多城市片区往往会由于政策制度、经济发展、科技水平等的调整，面临空间肌理的巨大变化。在规划建设中，针对城市历史文脉集中呈现的、划入保护范围的历史城区、街区、地段等地区已形成完善的保护理论与技术方法体系，其风貌特色得到了保护与留存；而对于仅有零星文物古迹的老城区，大都被视为并无地方特色的“空地”，在推倒重建和开发扩张中被打造为“千城一面”的现代风貌，使片区失去了其独特的地方“味道”，降低了城市空间品质与文化品味。

空间基因为在深层结构剧烈变迁情况下延续在地性特征提供了理论与技术支撑。首先，通过空间基因研究，可以将抽象的地方特征转译为支撑这个特征存续的空间组织关系集。其次，结合当地现有和未来的发展条件，对这些空间组织关系存在的充要条件进行分析与筛选——保留适应于发展条件的空间组织关系，删除不适应的空间组织关系，并通过导控策略将前者锚固至规划设计之中。由此，基于空间基因技术的规划设计，在传达地方特征与历史记忆的同时，也为城市的未来发展提供了创新空间。以下基于北京长安街、桂林、蓬莱的案例介绍进行说明。□

China's rapid modernisation process is accompanied by drastic urban spatial changes, and many urban areas are often faced with great changes in spatial texture due to the demand for adjustments in policies and systems, economic development, and techniques.In planning and construction, for the historic district, neighbourhoods, lots and other areas in the protection area that present the historical context of the cities intensively, a complete protection theory and technical methodology system have been formed, and their landscape characteristics have been protected and retained.However, for the old urban areas with only a few cultural relics and monuments, most of them are regarded as vacant land, and are built into ＂one-size-fits-all＂ modern styles in the process of redevelopment and expansion, which makes the areas lose their unique local ＂flavour＂ and reduces the spatial quality and the cultural taste of the city.

Space gene research provides theoretical and technical support for the continuation of local characteristics in the case of drastic changes in deep structure.Firstly, through the study of the space gene, the abstract local identity can be translated into a set of spatial organisation relations that support the survival of this identity.Secondly, taking into account the existing and future development conditions of the locality, we can analyse and filter the necessary conditions for the existence of these spatial organisation relations - retaining those spatial organisational relations that are adapted to the development conditions, deleting those that are not adapted to, and anchoring the former to the planning design through the guiding and controlling strategies.As a result, planning and design based on space gene technology can convey local characteristics and historical memories,and at the same time provide innovative space for the future development of cities.The following is based on the case studies in Beijing's Chang'an Avenue, Guilin and Penglai for illustration.□