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养血祛风汤在血虚风热型慢性荨麻疹中的治疗效果

2023-06-02鲁金红

医学美学美容 2023年7期

鲁金红

【摘 要】目的 探討养血祛风汤在血虚风热型慢性荨麻疹中的治疗效果。方法 选择我中心2018年1月-2022年10月收治的70例血虚风热型慢性荨麻疹患者为研究对象,根据治疗方案不同将其分为对照组和研究组,各35例。对照组口服盐酸奥洛他定片治疗,研究组则联合口服养血祛风汤治疗,比较两组临床效果、主要症状与荨麻疹活动性评分变化及免疫因子水平变化,随访3个月比较两组复发率。结果 研究组治疗总有效率为94.29%,高于对照组的77.14%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后风团数目、瘙痒程度、水肿程度及皮肤划痕症评分低于治疗前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后UAS评分低于治疗前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后IL-4、LT及IgE水平低于治疗前,IFN-γ水平高于治疗前,且研究组各免疫因子水平优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随访3个月,研究组复发率为5.71%,低于对照组的22.86%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 养血祛风汤可有效缓解临床症状,调节各免疫因子水平,疗效确切,且复发率低,对促进血虚风热型慢性荨麻疹患者病情康复具有积极意义。

【关键词】养血祛风汤;血虚风热型慢性荨麻疹;免疫因子;UAS评分

中图分类号:R758.24 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1004-4949(2023)07-0067-04

Therapeutic Effect of Yangxue Qufeng Decoction in Chronic Urticaria of Blood Deficiency and Wind-heat Type

LU Jin-hong

(Fozuling Street Community Health Service Center, Wuhan East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan 430205, Hubei, China)

【Abstract】Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of Yangxue Qufeng decoction in chronic urticaria of blood deficiency and wind-heat type. Methods A total of 70 patients with chronic urticaria of blood deficiency and wind-heat type admitted to our center from January 2018 to October 2022 were selected as the research objects. According to different treatment schemes, they were divided into control group and study group, with 35 patients in each group. The control group was treated with oral olopatadine hydrochloride tablets, while the study group was treated with oral Yangxue Qufeng decoction. The clinical effect, main symptoms, urticaria activity score and immune factor level were compared between the two groups. The recurrence rate was compared between the two groups after 3 months of follow-up. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the study group was 94.29%, which was higher than 77.14% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the number of wheals, itching degree, edema degree and skin scratch score of the two groups were lower than those of the treatment, and those in the study group was lower than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the UAS score of the two groups was lower than that before treatment, and that in the study group was lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-4, LT and IgE in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, the level of IFN-γ was higher than that before treatment, and the levels of immune factors in the study group were better than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After 3 months of follow-up, the recurrence rate of the study group was 5.71%, which was lower than 22.86% of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Yangxue Qufeng decoction can effectively relieve clinical symptoms and regulate the levels of immune factors. Meanwhile, the curative effect is definite and the recurrence rate is low. It has positive significance for promoting the rehabilitation of patients with chronic urticaria of blood deficiency and wind-heat type.

【Key words】Yangxue Qufeng decoction; Chronic urticaria of blood deficiency and wind-heat type; Immune factors; UAS score

荨麻疹(urticaria)属于临床上常见的一种皮肤黏膜水肿性疾病,当病程超过6周且每周发病频率在2次以上即称为慢性荨麻疹(chronic urticaria),临床上常表现为皮肤瘙痒、风团、红斑等,具有病程迁延、易反复发作的特点[1],使患者身心备受煎熬。西医常以脱敏抗炎为治疗原则,盐酸奥洛他定片是临床常用药物,可通过调节各类炎性介质的表达来缓解临床症状,但停药后易复发,治疗效果有限[2]。中医将慢性荨麻疹归属于“风疹”“瘾疹”范畴,主要因血虚生风、风邪侵袭、阴血不足所致,故常以养血祛风、润燥止痒为主要治疗方法[3]。本究选择70例血虚风热型慢性荨麻疹患者为研究对象,旨在探究养血祛风汤的治疗效果,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选择武汉东湖新技术开发区佛祖岭街社区卫生服务中心2018年1月-2022年10月收治的70例血虚风热型慢性荨麻疹患者为研究对象。纳入标准:所有患者均符合《中国荨麻疹诊疗指南(2018版)》[4]与《中医病证诊断疗效标准》[5]中慢性荨麻疹西医与中医的诊断标准;肝肾功能正常;无药物过敏史。排除标准:近4周内应用其他治疗药物;合并严重器官功能障碍、免疫系统疾病;存在该研究药物禁忌症或过敏史;处于妊娠或哺乳期;失访及临床资料不全者。根据治疗方案不同将其分为对照组和研究组,各35例。对照组男19例,女16例;年龄25~67岁,平均年龄(41.69±5.27)岁;病程0.5~3年,平均病程(1.65±0.72)年。研究组男18例,女17例;年龄27~65岁,平均年龄(41.58±5.14)岁;病程0.5~4年,平均病程(1.58±0.64)年。两组性别、年龄、病程比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),研究可比。本研究所有患者均知情同意并签署知情同意书。

1.2 方法 对照组口服盐酸奥洛他定片(江苏万高药业股份有限公司,国药准字H20193146,规格:5 mg)治疗,5 mg/次,2次/d;连续治疗4周。研究组在对照组基础上口服养血祛风汤治疗,组方:首乌藤、酸枣仁各15 g,白芍、柴胡、川芎、当归、熟地、生地、黄精、桑葚、荆芥、防风各10 g,蝉蜕、甘草各6 g。将诸药水煎后取药液300 ml左右,分早晚2次服用,1剂/d,连续治疗4周。

1.3 观察指标

1.3.1临床效果[6] 顯效:临床症状基本消失,UAS评分降低90%以上;有效:临床症状显著缓解,UAS评分降低30%~90%;无效:未达到上述标准。总有效率=(显效+有效)/总例数×100%。

1.3.2主要症状评分 根据瘙痒程度、风团数目、水肿程度、皮肤划痕症的严重程度进行评价,分为无症状(0分)、轻度(1分)、中度(2分)、重度(3分)。

1.3.3荨麻疹活动性评分[7] 荨麻疹活动性评分(UAS)包括风团数目及瘙痒程度,24 h内风团数目包括无(0个计0分)、轻(20个以内计1分)、中(20~50个计2分)、重(50个以上计3分),瘙痒程度包括无(计0分)、轻(计1分)、中(计2分)、重(计3分)。

1.3.4免疫因子水平 采集患者空腹条件下外周静脉血5 ml离心分离出血清,选择贝克曼AU6800全自动生化分析仪及MB-530酶标仪,采用酶联免疫吸附法测定白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白三烯(LT)及γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)水平,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法测定外周血免疫球蛋白E(IgE)水平。

1.3.5复发率 随访3个月,比较两组复发情况。

1.4 统计学方法 采用SPSS 17.0统计学软件进行数据处理,计量资料以(x-±s)比较,行t检验,计数资料以[n(%)]表示,行χ2检验;P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。

2 结果

2.1 两组临床效果比较 研究组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表1。

2.2 两组主要症状评分比较 两组治疗后风团数目、瘙痒程度、水肿程度及皮肤划痕症评分低于治疗前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表2。

2.3 两组UAS评分比较 两组治疗后UAS评分低于治疗前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表3。

2 . 4 两组免疫因子水平比较 两组治疗后IL-4、LT及IgE水平低于治疗前,IFN-γ水平高于治疗前,且研究组各免疫因子水平优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表4。

2.5 两组复发率比较 随访3个月,研究组复发2例,对照组复发8例,研究组复发率为5.71%(2/35),低于对照组的22.86%(8/35),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。