小切口去脂联合连续埋线重睑术在不对称双眼皮整形中的应用效果
2023-06-02范海霞
范海霞
【摘 要】目的 探究小切口去脂聯合连续埋线重睑术在不对称双眼皮整形中的应用效果。方法 选取2022年1月-6月我院收治的84例不对称双眼皮患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各42例。对照组给予常规切开重睑术,观察组给予小切口去脂联合连续埋线重睑术,比较两组临床指标、疼痛程度、炎症因子水平、美观度、满意度及并发症发生情况。结果 观察组术中失血量小于对照组,手术时间及切口愈合时间短于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后1、2、3 h VAS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后IL-6、CRP、TNF-α水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总美观度为97.62%,高于对照组的83.33%(P<0.05);观察组总满意度为95.24%,高于对照组的80.95%(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 小切口去脂联合连续埋线重睑术在不对称双眼皮整形中的应用效果确切,可有效减轻患者疼痛,且术后恢复快、炎症轻,并发症发生风险较低,有利于提高眼部美观度,患者满意度较高,值得临床应用。
【关键词】小切口去脂;连续埋线重睑术;不对称双眼皮;整形效果
中图分类号:R622 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1004-4949(2023)07-0047-04
Application Effect of Small Incision Degreasing Combined with Continuous Embedding Double Eyelid Surgery in Asymmetric Double Eyelid Plastic Surgery
FAN Hai-xia
(Kweichow Moutai Hospital, Zunyi 564500, Guizhou, China)
【Abstract】Objective To explore the application effect of small incision degreasing combined with continuous embedding double eyelid surgery in asymmetric double eyelid plastic surgery. Methods A total of 84 patients with asymmetric double eyelids admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to June were selected as the research objects and divided into observation group and control group by random number table method, with 42 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional incision double eyelid surgery, and the observation group was given small incision degreasing combined with continuous embedding double eyelid surgery. The clinical indicators, pain degree, inflammatory factor levels, aesthetics, satisfaction and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The intraoperative blood loss in the observation group was less than that in the control group, and the operation time and incision healing time were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). The VAS scores of the observation group at 1, 2 and 3 h after operation were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). After operation, the levels of IL-6, CRP and TNF-α in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total aesthetic degree of the observation group was 97.62%, which was higher than 83.33% of the control group (P<0.05). The total satisfaction of the observation group was 95.24%, which was higher than 80.95% of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The application effect of small incision degreasing combined with continuous embedding double eyelid surgery in asymmetric double eyelid plastic surgery is definite, which can effectively reduce the pain of patients, and the postoperative recovery is fast, the inflammation is light, and the risk of complications is low. Meanwhile, it is beneficial to improve the aesthetics of the eyes, and the patient satisfaction is high, which is worthy of clinical application.
【Key words】Small incision degreasing; Continuous embedding double eyelid surgery; Asymmetric eyelids; Plastic effect
不对称双眼皮(asymmetric eyelids)可能是由于外伤、病毒、感染或者手术失败等原因导致,可采用手术修复方式改善,通过整理皮下组织结构与上睑皮肤,使其不对称形态得到纠正,以此提高面部美观度[1-3]。以往临床常采用常规切开重睑术修复不对称双眼皮,虽有一定效果,但手术为会给患者眼部组织带来一定损伤,术后患者容易出现感染、眼睑肿胀等并发症,直接影响其恢复进程,整体疗效较不理想[4-6]。随着医疗技术的进步,小切口去脂联合连续埋线重睑术以其创伤小、恢复快、安全性高等优势逐渐应用于不对称双眼皮患者的治疗中,受到了业界的广泛关注[7,8]。基于此,本研究旨在探究小切口去脂联合连续埋线重睑术在不对称双眼皮整形中的应用效果,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选取2022年1月-6月贵州茅台医院收治的84例不对称双眼皮患者为研究对象。纳入标准:确诊为不对称双眼皮,存在两侧眼皮宽度、深浅不一等情况;认知正常。排除标准:存在麻醉禁忌者;合并感染性疾病者;过敏体质者;合并血液疾病者;合并凝血障碍者。采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各42例。对照组男6例,女36例;年龄21~45岁,平均年龄(32.51±5.24)岁。观察组男5例,女37例;年龄22~45岁,平均年龄(32.48±5.26)岁。两组性别、年龄比较(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究所有患者知情同意并签署知情同意书。
1.2 方法 对照组给予常规切开重睑术:术者需对患者面部进行消毒,设计重睑线,并给予患者浸润麻醉,方式为1%肾上腺素液1 ml +2%利多卡因3 ml。沿设计线切开皮肤、皮下组织,剪除睑板前一条眼轮匝肌,并对睑板前组织进行修剪,做一小切口于眶膈上睑中外1/3处,长约0.2 cm,并剪除脂肪包膜下疝处脂肪,用5-0丝线对眶膈进行缝合,缝合眶膈上睑提肌腱膜融合部与切口上下缘皮肤。观察组给予小切口去脂联合连续埋线重睑成形术:引导患者轻闭眼裂,观察其不对称眼皮情况,用牙签一端将内眦部位、眼睑中部皮肤分别向眼睑部压,嘱患者睁眼,观察重睑形态,并对需要进行修复的部位进行标记。常规面部消毒,由患者重睑线外向内浸润消毒,使用1%肾上腺素注射液1 ml+2%盐酸利多卡因注射液3 ml进行麻醉。若术中患者存在多余的眶膈脂肪需要切除,则应该在患者眶脂部进行浸润麻醉。以术前标记为依据,用手术刀将患者皮肤至眼轮匝肌之间切开,提起、切除眼轮匝肌,直至双眼对称。使用微型血管钳将眶膈膜剥开,切除掉游离出来的多余的眶膈脂肪。脂肪彻底切除后,需对眶膈脂肪膜进行保留,复位后观察患者双眼是否对称,若依旧不对称或效果欠佳,可继续对皮下与眼轮匝肌进行分离,直至双眼皮对称。缝合,埋线。若术中出现出血情况,需给予纱布压迫止血。两组术后均使用抗生素预防感染,适量涂抹红霉素眼膏于眼睑下部。
1.3 观察指标 比较两组临床指标(术中失血量、手术时间、切口愈合时间)、疼痛程度、炎症因子水平、美观度、满意度及并发症(眼瞼炎、结膜炎、瘀斑、感染)发生情况。①疼痛程度:通过视觉模拟评分法(VAS)对手术后1、2、3 h时患者的疼痛程度进行评价,分值为0~10分,0分无痛,10分剧烈疼痛,分数越高表示患者的疼痛越严重;②炎症因子水平:分别于手术前后采取患者3 ml外周静脉血,常规离心(3000 r/min,12 min),取上层血清,采取酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平进行检测,相关操作需严格按照说明书流程进行,坚持无菌原则;③美观度:术后6个月时对患者进行美观度评估,划分为美观、尚可、不美观3个等级;美观:睁眼及闭眼状态下,患者双眼皮美观、对称,无瘢痕,重睑线条流畅且自然;尚可:睁眼状态下,患者双眼皮美观、对称,但闭眼情况下可见轻微瘢痕,重睑线条生硬,但对称性并未受到严重影响;不美观:无论是睁眼还是闭眼,双眼皮依旧不对称,且瘢痕较重,重睑明显消失;总美观度=美观率+尚可率;④满意度:采用自拟问卷对患者进行调查,分为非常满意、一般满意、不满意3项,由患者主观进行选择,总满意度=非常满意率+一般满意率。
1.4 统计学方法 采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件进行数据分析,计数资料以(n,%)表示,行χ2检验;计量资料以(x-±s)表示,行t检验;P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。
2 结果
2.1 两组临床指标比较 观察组术中失血量小于对照组,手术时间及切口愈合时间短于对照组(P<0.05),见表1。
2.2 两组疼痛程度比较 观察组术后1、2、3 h VAS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),见表1。
2.3 两组炎症因子水平比较 观察组术后IL-6、CRP、TNF-α水平均低于对照组(P<0.05),见表3。
2.4 两组美观度比较 观察组总美观度高于对照组(χ2=4.974,P=0.026),见表4。
2.5 两组满意度比较 观察组总满意度高于对照组(χ2=4.086,P=0.043),见表5。
2.6 两组并发症发生情况比较 观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组(χ2=5.486,P=0.019),见表6。