槟城生物多样性项目 马来西亚槟城

业主单位：马来西亚槟城州政府

主创建筑师：Bjarke Ingels,Daniel Sundlin,Kai-Uwe Bergmann

主管建筑师：Jeremy Alain Siegel

项目监管：Shane Dalke,Autumn Visconti,Veronica Acosta

项目面积：4 500 英亩

Client: Penang State Government,Malaysia

Partners-in-Charge: Bjarke Ingels,Daniel Sundlin,Kai-Uwe Bergmann

Associate-in-Charge: Jeremy Alain Siegel

Project Leaders: Shane Dalke,Autumn Visconti,Veronica Acosta

Size: 4 500 acres

BIG与Hijjas和Ramboll联手打造的“生物多样化城市”方案赢得了马来西亚槟城南岛总体规划的国际设计竞赛。规划内容包含4.6公里的公共海滩、600英亩的公园场地和25公里的滨海空间。

“生物多样化城市”方案立足“槟城2030”的发展愿景，着眼于提高城市宜居性、刺激社会和经济的协同发展，以及为后代提供可持续的生存环境。“生物多样化城市”将成为全新且可持续的全球目的地，为文化、生态和经济的增长提供保障，并致力于在槟城南岛这一全球最具生物多样性的地区实现人与自然的和谐共存。

总体规划由三个不同的岛屿组成，大约将包括4.6公里的公共海滩，600英亩的公园和槟城海岸外25公里的滨水区，并具有新的交通网络。

BIG的新总体规划将是一个新的可持续发展的全球目的地，在这里，文化，生态和经济增长将得到保障，人与自然共存于槟城岛南岸这个地球上生物多样性最丰富的地区之一。

相比之下，BIG的总体规划被认为是三个不同岛屿的“城市拼接图”，并且作为这个综合项目城市设计指南集，解决行人和出行网络，可持续建设和收集资源的问题。这三个岛屿将把占地50至500英亩，容纳15,000至18,000居民的混合用途地区聚集在一起，并在每个地区周围形成连续的50至100m缓冲区，建立栖息地的连通性并为保护区，公园，走廊和城市广场提供边缘生态支持。

海峡是生物多样性的第一个岛屿，分三个互补阶段建造；在第一阶段：活动目的地包括波浪池和技术园区。在第二阶段中，将有一个公民中心在该地区建立治理和研究机构。在第三阶段，文化海岸将以槟城乔治镇的传统和充满活力的创造力为基础，从而创造和吸引国际视野。

马来西亚最新的公共目的地将成为会议、教育中心和面向家庭的公园的未来之所，当地人和客人可以在这里探索技术，机器人和虚拟现实的世界。

“生物多样化城市”的第二个岛屿将是The Mangroves，它将是致力于商业活动的中央岛屿，该岛屿围绕一个庇护的湿地网络而组织，为其同名的Mangrove森林创造了合适的环境-一种重要的自然基础设施，吸收二氧化碳的能力是典型森林的四倍。在红树林的中心，将有竹塔用以举办会议，会议和大型活动，并将总体规划中开发的知识广播到全世界。

BIG,Hijjas and Ramboll are selected as winners of Penang State Government’s international competition to design a masterplan for Penang South Islands,providing Penangites with approximately 4.6km of public beaches,600 acres of parks and a 25km waterfront.Our masterplan proposal– BiodiverCity– supports the Penang2030 vision with a clear focus on livability,on stimulating a socially and economically inclusive development,and on environmental sustainability for future generations.BiodiverCity will be a new sustainable,global destination where cultural,ecological and economic growth is secured and where people and nature co-exist in one of the most biodiverse places on the planet at the southern shore of Penang Island.

Penang’s vast biodiversity spans various topographies and protected environments which in recent years have seen its coastal zones and natural habitats disrupted by urban developments.In contrast,BiodiverCity is conceived as an Urban Mosaic of three diverse islands,and a set of urban design guidelines for mixing programs,addressing pedestrian and mobility networks,building sustainably and harvesting resources.The three islands bring together mixed-use districts of 15 000 to 18 000 residents across 50 to 500 acres,and a continuous 50 to 100m buffer around each district,establishing habitat connectivity and supporting edge ecologies in reserves,parks,corridors and urban plazas.

The Channels,BiodiverCity’s first island,is constructed in three complementary phases: in Phase 1,Active Destinations include a wave pool and technology park;in Phase 2,a Civic Heart establishes governance and research institutions in the area;and in Phase 3,a Cultural Coast builds upon the heritage and vibrant creative energy of Penang’s George Town to create a regional and international draw.As the heart of the district,the Channels’ 500-acre digital park includes spaces for research,development and local business opportunities.Malaysia’s newest public destination will be the future home for conferences,education centers and a family-oriented park where locals and guests can explore the world of technology,robotics and virtual reality.

The Mangroves,BiodiverCity’s second and central island dedicated to businesses,is organized around a network of sheltered urban wetlands,creating suitable environments for its namesake Mangrove forests—an important natural infrastructure that doubles as effective powerhouses for sequestering more than four times as much carbon as a typical forest.At the center of the Mangroves,the Bamboo Beacon hosts meetings,conferences and major events—broadcasting the knowledge developed in BiodiverCity out to the world.In addition,civic amenities are distributed throughout the city to promote inclusive growth and participation in urban life.The buildings in BiodiverCity will be designed to perform efficiently and will to a large extent be constructed by lowcarbon materials such as bamboo and Malaysian timber in combination with green concrete,a sustainable alternative comprised of industrial waste and recycled materials.By encouraging green roofs,facades,public and private open spaces,the islands can form a nearly continuous habitat mosaic feeding back into the forests,beaches,riparian zones and estuaries at the island’s edges.

此外，市民便利设施遍布整个城市，以促进包容性增长和对城市生活的参与。总体规划中的建筑物将被设计为高效运行，并在很大程度上由竹子和马来西亚木材等低碳材料与绿色混凝土结合而成，绿色混凝土是由工业废料和再生材料组成的可持续替代方案。通过对绿色屋顶，外墙，公共和私人开放空间进行装饰，这些岛屿可以形成近乎连续的栖息地，与岛屿边缘的森林，海滩，河岸带和河口相呼应。

生物多样性城市的最西端的岛屿将是拉古纳（Laguna），是围绕中央码头组织的生态生活的绿洲。八个较小的岛屿形成了一个微型群岛，其中的吊脚和梯田房屋利用了Tanjung Gertak Sanggul的自然环境，渔民着陆点可以通过导航该岛的每条水道轻松进入开放水域。

BIG表示，总体规划的新栖息地将通过提供本地物种的产卵场来支持水下生物多样性，娱乐点和孵化场将支持槟城南部海岸的当地社区。一条生态走廊网将把森林保护区与沿海海滩相连，同时为整个岛屿的栖息地和社区提供支持。

在人口稠密的地区内，动物可以安全地穿过连续的树冠和水道，在自然栖息地内，人们可以安全地进入高架木板路。BIG在其网站上说：“生物多样性城市支持水，气和陆基自主公共交通网络，其目标是在无车环境中，街道对骑自行车的人和行人来说是安全和欢迎的通道。”

The Laguna,BiodiverCity’s westernmost island,is an oasis for ecological living,organized around a central marina.Eight smaller islands form a miniature archipelago,where floating,stilted and terraced housing takes advantage of the natural setting of TanjungGertakSanggul,and where fisherman landing points can easily access the open waters by navigating each of the island’s waterways.Meanwhile,newly established marine habitats support biodiversity underwater by providing spawning grounds for native species,and recreational points and hatcheries support the local communities along Penang’s southern coast.A web of ecological corridors connects forest reserves to coastal beaches while supporting habitats and communities across the islands.Within human-populated areas,animals are given safe passage through the continuous canopy and waterways,and within natural habitats,people can safely access elevated boardwalks.

BiodiverCity supports a water,air and landbased autonomous public transportation network,aiming for a car free environment where streets serve as a safe and welcoming thoroughfare for bikers and pedestrian.Districts are efficiently connected below platforms to increase the efficiency of goods,services and regional mobility,while maximizing pedestrian safety throughout the public realm.