包头市图书馆与少年宫中国内蒙古

2022-11-16曹晓昕,周萱,沈晓雷等

世界建筑导报 2022年5期

关键词：玻璃砖挂板少年宫

业主：包头稀土高新区委员会

设计单位：中国建筑设计研究院有限公司

设计团队：曹晓昕、周萱、沈晓雷、周龙、孙群

用地面积：52 684 平方米

建筑面积：图书馆 28 777 平方米

少年宫 27 400 平方米

设计时间：2007年

利用地图数据、高速公路历史通行数据、历史假绿通车稽查数据和贵州省多义性拆分数据等，结合单出口嫌疑假绿通模型、货物地理嫌疑假绿通模型、卸货装货嫌疑假绿通模型和嫌疑假绿通车通行轨迹模型，通过大数据技术进行分析处理，筛选出嫌疑假绿通的车辆通行数据，并将其共享给稽查系统，辅助稽查工作人员快速定位嫌疑假绿通车辆。

竣工时间：2010年

Client: Baotou Rare Earth High tech Zone Committee

Architect: China Architectural Design and Research Group

Design team: Cao Xiaoxin,Zhou Xuan,Shen Xiaolei,Zhou Long,Sun Qun

Site area: 52,684 m2

Built: Library 28,777 m2,Children’s Palace 27,400 m2

Design Date: 2007

Completion Date: 2010

设计与构思

项目在城市设计层面强调建筑的公共性及对城市的贡献。包头市图书馆和少年宫项目分属两块城市用地，原有规划的城市机动车道路将两块用地相互隔绝。团队在设计之初，通过积极与业主和城市规划部门的沟通协调，协助优化了相关地块规划要求，最终将两地块间的原规划机动车路取消，优化为步行公共文化广场，为市民和青少年活动提供了平台。

在城市设计层面，建筑造型柔和的起坡模糊了与公共广场之间的界限，延续的界面使公共空间和功能空间相互渗透，提升了大量公共高质量的复合城市功能，带来了积极的社会效益。建筑造型源于对内蒙古大草原起伏延绵的特殊地貌特征的提取。图书馆和少年宫自东向西的建筑轮廓线形成了四百余米巨大的跃动曲线，建筑群就像从地面生长出来一样。由室外延伸至室内的中庭最大程度地导入阳光，开放式的楼梯和连廊以及延伸进两栋建筑内部的流线型绿化和铺装增强了空间上的视觉连贯性，提供了一个充满戏剧感的多义空间。

图书馆中心广场作为一个虚空间很好地衬托出图书馆的体积感，站在中心广场之上迎面而来的是图书馆西侧不同角度的柔和缓坡，它们以一种热情开放的姿态向城市传递着强烈的包容性。图书馆的凹形平面围合出内部高大的阳光中庭，围绕中庭空间布置了丰富的开放阅览空间。各层阅览室都设有通向室外的休憩交流平台，符合当代图书馆的人性化使用要求。

少年宫内部C 形院落与中心公共广场组成了一个环形交流空间，通过不同高度、不同色彩、不同体块的造型进行视觉引导，丰富的造型与色彩，以及具有归属感的院落与多层次平台，形成了适合儿童嬉戏游玩与学习成长的室内外活动空间。

Design Concept

The project emphasizes the public nature of the building and its contribution to the city at the urban design level.Baotou Library and Children's Palace project belong to two urban sites,and the original planned urban motorized road separates the two sites from each other.At the beginning of the design,through active communication and coordination with the owner and the urban planning department,the design assisted in optimizing the regulatory plan,which eventually canceled the original planned motorized road between the two plots and optimized it into a public pedestrian cultural square as a platform to carry the citizens and youth activities.

At the urban design level,the softly rising slope of the building style blurs the boundary with the public square,and the continued interface allows the mutual penetration of the public and functional spaces,promoting a large number of public high-quality composite urban functions and bringing positive social benefits.The architectural style is derived from the extraction of the special geomorphic features of the undulating grasslands of Inner Mongolia.The contour line of the buildings of the Library and the Children's Palace from east to west forms a huge leaping curve of more than four hundred meters,and the building complex looks like it is growing out of the ground.An atrium extending from the exterior to the interior maximizes sunlight,and an open staircase and corridor,as well as streamlined greenery and paving extending into the interiors of both buildings,enhance the visual coherence of the space and provide a dramatic,multifaceted space.

LibraryAs a virtual space,the center square can well set off the volume of the library .Standing on the center square,facing the gentle slopes at different angles to the west of the library,they convey a strong sense of inclusiveness to the city in a warm and open manner.The library encloses the high indoor sunshine atrium through a concave plane,with an open reading space provided around the atrium on each floor.The reading rooms on each floor are equipped with a resting and communication platform leading to the outdoors,in line with the humanized use requirements of contemporary libraries.

Children's PalaceThe C-shaped courtyard inside the Children's Palace and the central public square form a circular communication space,which is guided by the shapes of different heights,colors and blocks.The rich styles and colors,as well as the courtyard with a sense of belonging and multilevel platforms,form an indoor and outdoor activity space suitable for children to play,learn and grow.

图书馆模型

总平面图

材料与建构

图书馆与少年宫外立面进行了多种材料与工艺的探索创新：石材、复合生态板、铝型材、预嵌玻璃砖混凝土挂板等，各种材料特征被高度协调在一个语境下，加强了材料相互整体性与交融感。

图书馆和少年宫沿城市道路的外立面采用了当地石材挂板，形成色彩和质感完整统一的城市界面，局部通过铝型材对曲线窗进行勾勒，形成近景的丰富细部。

图书馆面向城市主干道阿拉丁大街的东立面，由预嵌玻璃砖混凝土挂板形成稳定的基座，上面托起全玻璃幕墙的阅读大厅，夜幕下成为最璀璨的城市地标。预嵌玻璃砖混凝土挂板为本项目专属研制的材料，其对应书库相对封闭的内部功能，通过加钢套筒的玻璃砖与双层内嵌保温材料的混凝土挂板，实现了热工性能与材料美观的统一。

少年宫面向内院的教室采用了彩色的复合生态板，出挑的教室采用多种颜色的生态板包裹成为彩色盒子，营造了富有童趣的小尺度内院游戏空间。

内景与外景

图书馆采用集中式大空间，少年宫多为单元式小空间，结合中央公共广场产生了丰富的城市空间与景观。少年宫内部的C 形院落与中心公共广场组成了一个环形交流空间，缓坡状的图书馆体量在中心广场的衬托下展现出更包容的文化建筑亲和力。两栋建筑多标高、多层次与多维度打造了丰富的休憩景观平台，为市民和青少年提供了丰富而积极的休闲交流公共空间。

Material and Construction

We have explored and innovated a variety of materials and technologies for the facade of the library and the Children's Palace: stone,composite ecological panels,aluminum profiles,pre-inlaid glass block concrete pegboards,etc.Various material features are highly coordinated in one context,strengthening the sense of wholeness and interplay between them.

The external facades of the library and the Children's Palace along the urban road are made of local stone pegboards to form an urban interface with complete and unified urban interface of color and texture;the curvilinear windows are partially outlined by aluminum profiles to form rich details of the close-up.

Facing the east facade of Aladdin Street,the main road of the city,the library is a stable base formed by pre-embedded glass brick concrete pegboards.The reading hall with a full glass curtain wall on it is the most brilliant city landmark under the night curtain.Pre-embedded glass brick concrete pegboard is the material specially developed for this project,which corresponds to the relatively closed internal function of the library.Through the glass brick with a steel sleeve and the concrete pegboard with embedded double-layer thermal insulation material,the thermal performance and material beauty are unified.

The classrooms facing the inner courtyard of the Children's Palace use colorful composite ecological panels,and the protruding classrooms use a variety of colored ecological panels wrapped into colorful boxes,creating a small-scale inner courtyard play space rich in childlike interest.

Inside and Outside

The library adopts a centralized large space,and the Children's Palace is mostly unit-like small space.

Combined with the central public square,it has produced diverse urban spaces and landscapes.The inner C-shaped courtyard and the central public square form a circular communication space.The slope-like library volume shows a more inclusive cultural architectural affinity against the backdrop of the center square.Both buildings create rich landscape platforms with multiple elevations,levels and dimensions,providing a rich and active public space for leisure and communication for citizens and the juvenile.