A Preliminary Study on Application Effect of Intelligent Insect Sexual Attraction Monitoring System

Weibiao ZHANG, Xueli LIU, Shuyin LIU

Plant Protection and Inspection Station of Fugou County, Fugou 461300, China

Abstract [Objectives] The paper was to verify and explore the application effect of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system. [Methods] The data of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera frugiperda monitored by intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system, manual survey and traditional pest monitoring tool were compared and analyzed, and the application effect of guiding field pest control was investigated. [Results] The statistical data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system were highly consistent with that of manual survey, and were consistent with that of traditional pest monitoring tool, which had good effect in guiding field control. [Conclusions] The monitoring data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system are accurate, efficient, real-time and practical. It can solve the problem of high monitoring intensity for the monitoring personnel and conform to the development direction of modern agriculture.

Key words Intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system; Helicoverpa armigera; Spodoptera frugiperda; Application effect

1 Introduction

In the monitoring and early warning of crop diseases, insects and grasses, pest monitoring lamp is an important pest monitoring tool that is widely used. The traditional pest monitoring lamps, due to wide species of pests that are trapped and the difficulty of sorting, are installed in the field and are far away from the inspection place, leading to laborious and time-consuming investigation and recording and high monitoring intensity[1]. Intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system is an automatic and intelligent insect monitoring system, and its application in the field of plant protection solves the problem of large monitoring intensity of traditional insect monitoring lamp.Helicoverpaarmigerais an important insect pest of many crops in Fugou County, which occurs in different degrees every year. It broke out in Fugou County for consecutive 5 years from 1992 to 1997, causing huge losses to crops.Spodopterafrugiperdais a major insect pest of long-distance migration, which is classified as class-I crop disease and insect pest by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, belonging to the key monitoring object in Fugou County. From July 30, 2021 to August 30, 2021, we investigated and studied the technical application of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system, focusing on the monitoring and application effects ofH.armigeraandS.frugiperda. The results showed that the real-time monitoring data ofH.armigeraandS.frugiperdaby intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system were detailed and reliable, which guided the scientific control and met the requirements of modern plant protection development.

2 Materials and methods

2.1 Monitoring siteThe test was conducted in Crop Experimental Station of Fugou County (Kualizhuang Administrative Village, Caoli Township, Fugou County).

2.2 Monitoring toolIntelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring equipment (SPT-R02 moth, SPT-N-02 noctuid) and supporting network system (Newcon INC) were used in the test.

Jiaduo automatic pest forecast lamp (Q/DK03-2004) was used as the control monitoring tool.

2.3 Installation methodThe intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring equipment was installed in a peanut field at a height of 1 m, which was 10 m away from the field margin, and the adjacent crop was corn. The control insect monitoring lamp was installed 1 000 m away from the intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring equipment, and the adjacent crop was corn as well.

2.4 Investigation and recording methodsThe intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system automatically records and transmits the data through the insect sexual attraction forecasting system on the network and the mobile phone APP, and completes statistical analysis of the data. The moth trapping quantities of intelligent insect sexual attraction trap were manually surveyed every day, which were compared with the automatic data. The moth trapping quantities of control insect monitoring lamp was manually investigated and recorded, which were compared with the automatic data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system. The automatic statistical data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system were used to guide the field control, and the application effect was analyzed. The calculation formula[2]is: Coincidence degree=Statistical data of A survey tool/Statistical data of B survey tool ×100%.

3 Results and analysis

3.1 Coincidence degree between automatic statistical data and manual survey data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system

3.1.1Automatic statistical data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system. As shown in Fig.1, the cumulative trapping quantity ofH.armigeraadults of the 3rdgeneration (from July 30 to August 30) was 133, and the trapping peak appeared on August 6, with 26 moths on that day. The peak period of moths was from August 4 to 13. The cumulative trapping quantity ofS.frugiperdaadults (from July 30 to August 30) was 9;S.frugiperdaadult was initially observed on August 7; subsequently, adults were observed on August 7 (1 moth), August 9 (1 moth), August 11 (3 moths), August 16 (1 moth), August 19 (1 moth), August 20 (1 moth), and August 25 (1 moth).

Fig.1 The automatic statistical data of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera frugiperda recorded by intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system in 2021

3.1.2Manual survey data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system. As shown in Fig.2, the cumulative trapping quantity ofH.armigeraadults of the 3rdgeneration (from July 30 to August 30) was 133, and the trapping peak appeared on August 6, with 26 moths on that day. The peak period of moths was from August 4 to 13. The cumulative trapping quantity ofS.frugiperdaadults (from July 30 to August 30) was 7;S.frugiperdaadult was initially observed on August 7; subsequently, adults were observed on August 7 (1 moth), August 9 (1 moth), August 11 (1 moth), August 16 (1 moth), August 19 (1 moth), August 20 (1 moth), and August 25 (1 moth).

Fig.2 The manual survey data of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera frugiperda trapped by intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system in 2021

3.1.3Comparison of automatic statistical data and manual survey data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system. The data ofH.armigeraautomatically recorded by intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system were identical with the data recorded by manual survey in the aspects of cumulative trapping quantity, daily trapping quantity, peak day and peak period. The statistical data ofH.armigerarecorded automatically were completely consistent with that recorded by manual survey. The cumulative trapping quantity ofS.frugiperdarecorded automatically by intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system was 9, and that recorded by manual survey was 7, with a coincidence degree of 77.8%. The initial date of moth appearance was August 7, and the coincidence degree was 100%. The daily trapping quantity was the same on 6 out of 7 d, with a coincidence degree of 85.7%. The data ofS.frugiperdaautomatically recorded by intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system were highly consistent with the data recorded by manual survey.

3.2 Coincidence degree between automatic statistical data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system and data of traditional pest monitoring lamp

3.2.1Survey data of traditional pest monitoring lamp. As shown in Fig.3, the cumulative trapping quantity ofH.armigeraadults of the 3rdgeneration (from July 30 to August 30) was 1450, and the trapping peak appeared on August 6, with 220 moths on that day. The peak period of moths was from August 4 to 13. The cumulative trapping quantity ofS.frugiperdaadults (from July 30 to August 30) was 11.S.frugiperdaadult was initially observed on August 11; subsequently, adults were observed on August 11 (1 moth), August 12 (2 moths), August 13 (1 moth), August 15 (1 moth), August 17 (1 moth), August 19 (1 moth), August 20 (1 moth), August 21 (2 moths), and August 26 (1 moth).

Fig.3 The manual statistical data of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera frugiperda trapped by traditional pest monitoring lamp in 2021

3.2.2Comparison of automatic statistical data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system and statistical data of traditional pest monitoring lamp. The data ofH.armigeraautomatically recorded by intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system were completely consistent with that recorded by traditional pest monitoring lamp in the aspects of peak day and peak period, while the cumulative trapping quantity and daily trapping quantity varied with different monitoring tools. The data ofH.armigeraadults automatically recorded by intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system were highly consistent with the statistical data recorded by traditional pest monitoring lamp. The intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system automatically recorded the initial appearance ofS.frugiperdaadult on August 7, while traditional pest monitoring lamp recorded the initial appearance on August 11. The initial date of moth appearance recorded by intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system was 4 d earlier than that recorded by traditional pest monitoring lamp, while the cumulative trapping quantity and daily trapping quantity varied with different monitoring tools. The intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system could achieve early detection ofS.frugiperda, an important migratory insect pest, earlier than traditional pest monitoring lamp.

3.3 Investigation and analysis of the effect of automatic statistical data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system in guiding field prevention and controlIn 2021, the 4thgeneration ofH.armigeralarvae occurred severely in Fugou County. According to the automatic survey and statistical data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system, the 3rdgeneration ofH.armigeraadults entered the peak period from August 4 to August 13, and reached the peak on August 6. According to the prediction of stage duration method, the peak period of low instar larvae was from August 14 to 23, and the peak period was on August 16. The favorable opportunity for prevention and treatment was from August 15 to August 17. Pesticides with high efficiency and low toxicity were proposed to controlH.armigerain the fields of autumn crops. According to the investigation results, the effect of leaf and fruit protection in the guidance area reached up to 98.6%, and the insect control effect was 92.5%. It had good effect of leaf and fruit protection, with high control efficacy, less dosage of pesticides and low cost.S.frugiperdaadults were first observed on August 7, 4 d earlier than that reported by traditional pest monitoring lamp. Fugou County adopted the prevention and control strategy of "early treatment, younger larva treatment, combination of adult and larval control", carried out the prevention and control work ofS.frugiperdain time, and controlled the loss rate ofS.frugiperdawithin 5% to minimize the harm degree.

4 Discussion

Other alien insects will break into the intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring equipment (SPT-N-02 noctuid), resulting in small deviation in the automatic recording statistics. The intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system uses the synthetic insect sex pheromone, namely sex attractant, to attract the opposite sex insects[3]. The quality of sex attractant will also cause deviation in statistical data. The accuracy of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system can be improved by improving the traps and other measures to avoid the invasion of alien insects and further enhancing the quality of sex attractant.

5 Conclusions

The monitoring data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system are accurate, efficient, real-time and practical, and effectively ensure that the relevant personnel always grasp the situation and trend of pest occurrence and can do a good job in timely pest prevention and control, which reduce the personnel cost, alleviate the work intensity of forecast staff, and improve the current forecasting situation of agricultural pests in China. At the same time, it is conducive to carrying out unified control and green prevention and control by relevant departments, which further improve the service level of plant protection departments and the effect of pest control in agricultural production, and reduce the usage of pesticides, conforming to the development direction of modern plant protection industry.