Module 5 The Great Sports Personality

1.  retire   vi.   退休，退职

vt.   使退休，令退职

My dream is to retire to a villa in France.

我的梦想是退休后在法国住上一栋别墅。

She was retired on medical grounds.

她由于健康原因退休了。

（1） retire from sth   从……退休

She was forced to retire early from teaching because of ill health.

她由于身体不好而被迫早早地从教学岗位上退休。

（2）retire as sth   从……位子上退休

He has no plans to retire as editor of the magazine.

他还不打算从杂志编辑的位子上退休。

2. perform   vi.   表现;工作，运转（好/不好）

vt.   做，履行，执行;演出，表演

Our team performed very well in yesterdays games.

在昨天的运动会上我们队表现出色。

The engine seems to be performing well.

发动机似乎运转正常。

She performs an important role in our organization.

她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。

The play was first performed in 1987.

这出剧于1987年首次演出。

3. advantage   n.   优势，有利条件;长处

She had the advantage of a good education.

她具备良好教育的优势。

Is there any advantage of getting there early？

早到那里是否有利？

（1）take advantage of sth/sb   利用……;占……的便宜

We took full advantage of the hotel facilities.

我們充分利用了宾馆设施。

He took advantage of my generosity.

他利用我的慷慨占了便宜。

（2）to sbs advantage   对某人有利

It would be to your advantage to attend this meeting.

参加这次会议会对你有利。

4. score   vt.   得分;分值是，得……分;评分，

打分数

vi.   得分;记分

n.    得分，比分

She scored 98 in the French test.

她法语考试考了98分。

Score three points on your list for our side.

在你的单子上为我们这边记上3分。

The tests are scored by psychologists.

测验由心理学家评分。

Fraser scored again in the second half.

弗雷泽在下半场时再次得分。

Who is going to score？

谁来记分呢？

（1）score off sb（尤指在辩论等活动中机灵地）驳倒，挫败

He was always trying to score off his teachers.

他总和老师抬杠。

（2）score sth out/through   划掉;删去

His name had been scored out on the list.

他的名字已从名单上划掉了。

（3）in scores   很多地，大批地

People poured in scores.

人们大量涌入。

（4）keep （the） score   记分

Ill keep （the） score for the football match.

我来为足球比赛记分。

（5）on this/that score   就这个/那个来说;

在这个/那个问题上

You dont have to worry on that score.

你不必担心那件事。

5. quality  n.特性，特征;品德，品性，人品，素质;质量，品质

One quality of wood is that it can burn.

木头的一个特性是能燃烧。

These are good personal qualities， such as honesty and generosity.

这些是好的个人品质，比如诚实、慷慨。

When costs are cut， product quality suffers.

一降低成本，产品质量就会受到影响。

6. victory   n.   胜利，成功

She is confident of victory in Saturdays final.

她对在星期六的决赛中取得胜利充满信心。

We won a victory over/against the enemy.

我们战胜了敌人。

sweep to victory   大获全胜;轻易取胜

He swept to victory in the final of the championship.

他轻而易举地在锦标赛的决赛中获胜了。

7. declare   vt.宣布，公布，宣告;表明，宣称，断言

（1）后跟名词

The government has declared a state of emergency.

政府已宣布进入紧急状态。

（2）后跟从句

The court declared that strike action was illegal.

法庭宣判那次罢工行为不合法。

（3）后跟复合结构

① 后跟带名词的复合结构

The government has declared the area a national park.

政府已宣布这个地区为国家公园。

② 后跟带形容词的复合结构

I declare this bridge open.

我宣布这座桥正式启用。

③ 后跟带分词的复合结构

At 3：30 pm the chairman declared Wang Li elected as the new chairman.

下午三点半主席宣布王立当选新任主席。

④ 后跟带不定式to的复合结构

The expert declared this painting to be a forgery.

专家判定这幅画为赝品。

⑤ 后跟帶介词短语的复合结构

These boys declared themselves against cheating in the exam.

这些男孩声明他们自己反对考试作弊。

（1）declare for sb/sth   声明支持，表示赞成

The people here have declared for peace.

这里的人们已经声明支持和平。

（2）declare against sb/sth   声明反对，表示不赞成

He declared against the proposal.

他声明反对这一提议。

8. on the increase   正在增加

Homelessness is on the increase.

无家可归者越来越多。

Is the consumption of beer still on the increase？

啤酒的消耗量仍在增加吗？

on business   出差

on duty   值班

on end   连续地，不断地;竖着，直立着

on the air   在广播，在放送

on the spot   当场;在现场;在原地

on the way to   去……的路上

9. rise to ones feet   某人站起身

Please rise to your feet when the visitor comes in.

来宾进来时请大家站起来。

When he finally decided to go out， he found he could not rise to his feet.

当他最终决定走出去时，他发现自己无法站立起来。

be back on ones feet   恢复，完全康复

feet first   脚先着地，脚先入水（作状语）

find ones feet   会走路，适应新环境

get a foot in the door   获得机会参加

get/have cold feet   临阵退缩，害怕起来

have one foot in the grave   行將就木;半截入土

keep ones feet   站住脚跟

on ones feet   站着，站起来;痊愈

名言警句

When you want knowledge like you want air under water， then you will get it.

当你需要知识就像你在水下需要空气时，你准能掌握它。

—Socrates， Ancient Greek philosopher

——苏格拉底（古希腊哲学家）

阅读理解

Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death， but football， rugby and running may not help people to live longer， a study suggests.

A study followed more than 80，000 people for an average of nine years to find out if certain sports protected them against early death. It found that people who played racket （球拍） sports regularly were the least likely to die over the study period， reducing their individual risk by 47 percent compared with people who did no exercise. Swimmers also reduced their chance of death by 28 percent， aerobics （有氧运动） fans by 27 percent and cyclists by 15 percent. Yet running appeared to have no impact （影响） at all on dying early， and neither did playing football or rugby.

Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes alongside sports like tennis and squash （壁球）， which often involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game. It means that people often have larger social networks and tend to keep up activities into later life， both of which are proven to be good for health.

In contrast， people who play team sports often do not move onto a new sport once their teams break up for family， or injury reasons. They become watchers rather than participants in their chosen activity.

The researchers found that playing racket sports was associated with a 56 percent lower risk from heart death. Similarly， swimmers lowered their heart disease or stroke risk by 41 percent， and people who took part in activities like aerobics， dance or gymnastics lowered their risk by 36 percent. But again running， football and rugby had no significant impact on heart deaths.

However， other experts argue that this study must not be misunderstood as showing that running and football do not protect against heart disease. In this study both runners and footballers had a lower rate of death from heart disease.

1. What sport has hardly any impact on protecting people against early death？

A. Cycling. B. Swimming. C. Rugby. D. Tennis.

2. According to the study， what makes a big difference in keeping healthy？

A. Watching football games.

B. Doing running in the park every day.

C. Taking up gymnastics and joining a club.

D. Playing basketball with their friends occasionally.

3. What is considered more important to peoples health？

A. Social networks. B. Staying at home.

C. Physical examinations. D. Setting up families.

4. What does the text mainly tell us？

A. Thousands of people participated in a 9-year study.

B. Study finds racket sports help people live longer.

C. It is wrong to say running has no impact on heart disease.

D. There are differences between racket sports and team games.

阅读七选五

Stress is a huge problem for us all. Heres what Ive learned and applied to manage stress by using my creativity.

1. 1

Putting my creativity and my work first， I often neglected （忽略） to eat， exercise， even stand up from my desk. I now realize that how I feel physically （and mentally） is more important than the work I create. Taking care of myself includes all natural treatment. Im learning how to say no to social pressures， in favor of my own well-being.

2. Dont worry about what other people think of you.

This is easier said than done， but I promise it does come with age. 2 A lot of people do offer unsolicited （自发的） advice. It is human nature to want to help other people. But if that advice is coming from a place of control or judgment， RUN in the opposite direction.

3. Dont compare.

3 Most people are not as happy as they describe themselves to be. The best advice I ever heard was this： Dont compare your inside to other peoples outside. Be open to new experiences， be kind to yourself and accepting of the journey which is life. Being present means not thinking into the future， or harping （嘮叨） on the past. The coolest thing about being present is that creativity lives in the moment. 4

4. Your intentions matter.

5 What was your intention？ I remind myself to enjoy the process of my creative fun stuff， its for me. If others like it， great， but its the enjoyment of my creative intention， in the moment， that I treasure.

A. Stop judging others.

B. Each moment is unique.

C. We have to work in order to live.

D. Take care of yourself—mind and body.

E. Stress is often caused by comparison to others.

F. Its important to remember why you started doing something.

G. No one cares about what youre doing unless what youre doing affects them.

1._______________  2._______________   3._______________   4._______________   5. _______________

跟蹤导练（二）

完形填空

Cathy suffered some terrible illness in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment， she1became healthy.

Two years ago， while Cathy was2the Olympics， a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer， she wanted to3our local swim team. She practiced hard and finally4it. The team practice，5 ， was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly6her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night， I7to pull her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning， wearing her swimsuit，8to go！ I told her she shouldnt swim after a whole nights coughing， but she refused to9up and insisted she go.

From that day on， Cathy kept swimming and didnt10a single practice. She had a11intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-?year?-old girl was growing and changing right before my eyes， into this12human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of13of course： she would often be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasnt a14ever. But that didnt stop her from trying.

Cathy didnt expect any award but was still there to15her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end， I suddenly heard the head coach16 ， “The highest honor goes to Cathy！” Looking around， he continued， “ 17skills and talents bring great success， Cathy has inspired us with her18and enthusiasm.”

It was the greatest19of my daughters life. With all she had been20in her ten years， this was the hour of true triumph （成功）.

1. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently

2. A. advertizing B. preparing C. joining D. watching

3. A. improve B. train C. join D. contact

4. A. increased B. found C. created D. made

5. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead

6. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste

7. A. decided B. guaranteed C. declared D. managed

8. A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free

9. A. end B. break C. give D. dress

10. A. attend B. miss C. escape D. start

11. A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind

12. A. trusted B. determined C. experienced D. embarrassed

13. A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise

14. A. beginner B. learner C. partner D. winner

15. A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after

16. A. admitting B. explaining C. announcing D. reporting

17. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because

18. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom

19. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment

20. A. through B. under C. across D. around

跟蹤导练（三）

阅读理解

A

At 1，345 meters above sea level， Ben Nevis is not the worlds most difficult mountain to climb. But things get considerably tricky if， instead of hiking shoes， you put on a pair of 5-inch high heels， especially if youre a guy. One English teenager recently proved that it was not impossible.

Ben Conway， a 19-year-old art student from London， recently took up the challenge as a way to stand out in an application for a scholarship for the School of Communication Arts in Brixton. He started his unusual high-heel climb at 8 am， on June 27， and was joined by Callum MacKenzie Allen， a friend from his art foundation year， who videotaped the whole thing for a two-minute video that was used as his application project. The whole climb took five hours and wasnt the smoothest experience.

Halfway up Ben Nevis， one of his shoes broke， so he had to tape the shoes to his feet to make sure they stayed on. The weather didnt make it easy for him either， as he claimed that it rained pretty much the whole time， and he had to go against 40 to 50 miles an hour winds. Due to these difficult conditions， Ben and his friend had to turn back after reaching 900 meters up the mountain.

Besides providing a unique art school application project， the high-heel climb also allowed the 19-year-old to raise some money for worthy causes， like Sals Shoes， which provides footwear for barefoot children around the world.

“Raising money for charity brings happiness to peoples lives and if I can do something ridiculous and bring someone happiness， then thats what its all about.” Ben said.

1. What word can replace the underlined word “tricky” in Paragraph 1？

A. Pleasant. B. Boring. C. Difficult. D. Interesting.

2. Why did Allen videotape the high-heel climb for Ben？

A. To prove nothing is impossible. B. To record a special experience.

C. To assist in Bens application. D. To develop their friendship.

3. What does Paragraph 3 focus on？

A. The difficulties in the climb. B. The unexpected things.

C. The terrible weather. D. The climbing way.

4. What can best describe Bens story？

A. Encouraging. B. Frightening. C. Puzzling. D. Exciting.

B

How often do you exercise？ A new study found that most kids aged 12 to 15 werent getting enough physical activity. The results were based on about 800 kids. As part of the study， the kids tracked and reported on their own activity levels， and took physical exams.

US fitness guidelines suggest an hour or more of physical activity every day. According to the study， only 1 in 4 US kids get enough physical activity.

“Its certainly worrying to see that our kids have such a limited amount of physical activity each day，” said Dr Stephen Pont. He is an expert on childrens health.

Few kids in the study met the guidelines on physical activity that raises the heart rate and makes people breathe harder. Overall， about 25% said they got an hour of that kind of exercise every day. Kids also reported on which activities they did most often outside of school gym class—basketball for boys and running for girls.

The study found that fat teenagers were less active than normal-weight girls and boys. Fat girls were slightly less active than normal-weight girls， but levels were similar among overweight and normal-weight boys. The study also said that the percent of fat children aged 2 to 19 was 17%， or about 12.5 million kids.

“Theres always room for improvement，” said Tala Fakhouri， who was the leader of the study. She also said the results provide useful information to help with fitness campaigns such as Lets Move， which was initiated （發起） by Michelle Obama in 2010. To inspire kids to eat right and get in shape， Michelle visited schools and held exercise events. She also called on schools to offer regular gym classes.

The study also found kids who get physical education at school may get better grades.

5. What does the new study find out？

A. Its important to take physical exams. B. Most US kids dont get enough exercise.

C. Kids should get physical activity every day. D. 800 kids dont get enough physical activity.

6. According to the text， what sports do girls like best？

A. Swimming. B. Basketball. C. Running. D. Gymnastics.

7. What is the purpose of the campaign Lets Move？

A. To help kids to keep fit. B. To hold exercise events.

C. To offer regular gym classes. D. To provide useful information.

8. According to the study， children with enough exercise may .

A. do better in their studies B. be more willing to make friends

C. be more willing to help others D. pay more attention to their body shape

跟蹤导练（四）

完形填空

Across the street from our home was a school and I would often watch the kids as they played basketball during the break. I often noticed a1playing with boys. I watched in2as she ran circles around the other kids. She3to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stop her but no one could. At other times I saw her playing alone， sometimes until4 .

One day I asked her why she5so much. She looked6into my eyes and without a moment of hesitation she said， “The only way I can go to7is to get a scholarship （奖学金）. I believe that I would get it if I were good enough at8 . My daddy told me if the dream is big enough， the facts dont9 .” Then with a determined smile she ran towards the court. I watched her10those junior high years and into high school. Every week， she led her team to victory.

One day in her senior year， I saw her sitting in the grass， head11in her arms. The coach told her that at 5 feet 5 inches she would12never get to play for a top-ranked team—much less offered a scholarship—so she should13dreaming about college. I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She14her head from her hands and told me that her father said those coaches just did not understand the15of a dream. He told her that if she truly wanted a scholarship， nothing could stop her except one thing—her own16 .

The next year， as she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game， she was17by a college coach. She was indeed18a scholarship， a full one. She was going to get the college education that she had19of and worked towards for all those years. Its20 ： If the dream is big enough， the facts dont count.

1. A. kid B. girl C. teacher D. coach

2. A. question B. shock C. wonder D. delight

3. A. managed B. tried C. preferred D. attempted

4. A. morning B. noon C. dark D. afternoon

5. A. practised B. suffered C. performed D. played

6. A. nervously B. quickly C. quietly D. directly

7. A. team B. court C. college D. school

8. A. football B. basketball C. study D. work

9. A. disappear B. differ C. count D. exist

10. A. past B. over C. beyond D. through

11. A. buried B. placed C. hidden D. dropped

12. A. naturally B. sadly C. nearly D. probably

13. A. stop B. consider C. enjoy D. keep

14. A. shook B. lifted C. turned D. moved

15. A. effect B. power C. aim D. advantage

16. A. change B. career C. promise D. attitude

17. A. examined B. realized C. seen D. found

18. A. brought B. handed C. sent D. offered

19. A. thought B. dreamed C. complained D. warned

20. A. true B. possible C. proper D. perfect

跟踪导练（五）

阅读理解

Teenagers busy life can cause them to see exercise as a waste of time. However， the belief is far from true. Exercise is important for teenagers because it not only promotes physical health， but also improves mental health.

Teenagers who exercise tend to have a better body image than those who dont， which helps build confidence and makes one feel more comfortable. This also helps one to accept his or her looks. Although physique （體形） is not as important a factor as health， it can strongly affect teenagers mood and attitude. A healthier and fitter body will build a greater sense of confidence in the body image.

Another mental benefit from exercise is the feel-good endorphins （内啡肽） that come along with it. The body produces endorphins naturally when one exercises hard that are commonly referred to as “a happy chemical”. They can produce a feel-good effect and create a sense of emotional well-being during and after exercise. They can make physical activities more enjoyable. They can also reduce stress and relax one to a point at which it is even easier for one to fall asleep.

Many students say that they are too busy with schoolwork to exercise， but they dont realize that exercise can improve their mental performance. Exercise such as walking and jogging increases the flow of oxygen to the brain and heart. Teenagers who exercise regularly tend to have the ability to think more clearly and faster. In addition， teenagers that exercise regularly tend to be more focused and perform better in school. Various mental issues can be aided by exercise as well. For example， one who suffers from anger issues may look to exercise as an outlet. Teenagers who struggle with anxiety and depression can also find a healthy outlet through exercise.

1. What do we know about a good physique？

A. It can change teenagers looks. B. It is more important than health.

C. It can make teenagers more confident. D. It cant affect teenagers mood and attitude.

2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to？

A. Body. B. Benefit. C. Exercise. D. Endorphin.

3. How many benefits of exercise are mentioned in the last paragraph？

A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.

4. What does the author mainly tell about in the text？

A. Teenagers problems with exercise. B. The importance of mental health.

C. Teenagers mental performance. D. The mental benefits from exercise.

选词填空

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。

compete retire gymnast tough purchase

champion perform advantage score declare

1. The 17-year-old little Russian girl won the hearts of everyone in the_______________ hall.

2. If imported supplies of oil are suddenly reduced， our national_______________power will be lower.

3. It is very unusual for three own goals _______________ in one football match at international level.

4. George has kept in touch with a number of his old workmates since his_______________.

5. Joe Louis has been one of the world-famous heavyweight boxing_______________for many years.

6. We were impressed by the teams_______________in the match.

7. Below-the-line advertising has the_______________of being cheap and very easy to produce.

8. Germany_______________war on France on August 1st， 1914.

9. We produce cheaper goods than our_______________， which is our advantage.

10. Jack has developed his unusual_______________by working out daily at a gymnasium.

語法填空

Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He1（own） a farm， which looked almost2（abandon）. Luckily， he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby3other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what4（leave）. The cow was their only means of support， in fact. One day， the cow was eating grass5it began to rain heavily. While6（make） great efforts to run away， she fell over the hill and died.

Then the Johnsons had to make a living without the cow. In order to support his family， Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the7（plant） took a while to grow， he started cutting down trees8（sell） the wood. Thinking about his childrens clothes， he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around， he was already selling herbs， vegetables and cotton in the market9people from the towns met10（regular）.

Now it occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

1._______________ 2._______________3._______________ 4. _______________ 5. _______________

6._______________ 7. _______________ 8._______________ 9. _______________ 10. _______________

跟踪导练（六）

短文改错

The 1，500-meter race is about to begin. I noticed my competitor lining up at the starting line. Before I realized that was happening， I heard the gun. My heart sank， but I couldnt throw away so good chance to compete！ With my heart beat wildly， I rushed to the starting line and I had already been left far behind. However， I still ran as fast as possibly. When I heard of people cheering， I ran even fast. Finally， I ran past the only girl who was in front of myself. I was the first to cross the finishing line！

書面表达

假定你校将举行以“My Favorite Sport”为题的英语演讲比赛，请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：

1.你喜欢的体育运动项目;

2.你喜欢该运动的理由;

3.该运动的注意事项。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

My Favorite Sport

_______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

背景大链接

Big Reveal of OlympiansDiets

奥运选手饮食大揭秘

It takes more than just practice to become an Olympian. Gold medal performances require some serious nutrition. Have you ever wondered what these elite athletes eat to stay in peak shape？

Keri Glassman， a registered dietitian and founder of Nutritious Life Meals， appeared on “Good Morning America” to give you a glimpse into the diets of some top athletes. Some of their meals could surprise you.

Crazy Calorie Count

Glassman said Olympians eat a lot of food—quantities that for ordinary people would constitute pigging out. One secret of swimmer Michael Phelps astonishing performance in the 2008 Olympics in Beijing was consuming as many as 12，000 calories in one day. Athletes can eat like this and not gain any weight because their workouts are intense.

Snacking Secrets

Some athletes eat wacky foods that they swear to improve their performance.

Yohan Blake， the Jamaican sprinter and 100-meter world champion， has been making waves for stealing champion sprinter Usain Bolts thunder on the track during the Olympic trials. When asked about how he gets his stamina， Blake answered that he eats 16 bananas per day， Glassman said.

Foods for Recovery

What are the best foods to help the body recover after rigorous competition？

For Olympic swimmer Ryan Lochte， the recovery meal is grilled chicken breasts with Alfredo sauce， whole-grain spaghetti and a salad with lemon juice and olive oil. Lochte， who cut out junk food， candy and soda， has undertaken a rigorous strength-training regimen that involves flipping tractor tires， dragging shipyard chains and tossing beer kegs， Glassman said.

Lochtes recovery meal has all the important macronutrients necessary for recovery.

要成為奥运选手，仅靠刻苦训练是不够的。要获得金牌，选手需要一些重要营养的摄入。你是否好奇过这些精英运动员是靠吃什么来保持巅峰状态的呢？

克里·格拉斯曼是注册营养学家和膳食营养生活组织的创始人，他在《早安美国》节目中会让你看到一些顶级运动员的膳食。他们的一些饮食可能会令你惊讶。

疯狂的卡路里热量

格拉斯曼说，奥运选手们会吃很多的食物——其分量相当于普通人处于狼吞虎咽状态的食量。游泳名将迈克尔·菲尔普斯在2008年北京奥运会惊艳表现的秘诀之一就是，他一天会摄入高达12000卡路里的热量。运动员高强度的运动量使他们如此饮食却不会增加体重。

零食秘密

有些运动员会吃一些他们宣称能提高他们成绩的古怪食品。

牙买加短跑运动员兼百米世界冠军约安·布莱克曾在奥运会测试赛的跑道上抢去世界短跑冠军尤塞恩·博尔特的风头。格拉斯曼说，当问到他的耐力从何而来时，布莱克回答说他每天都会吃掉16根香蕉。

康复饮食

在激烈的比赛过后，能帮助身体尽快恢复状态的最佳饮食是什么呢？

对奥运游泳选手瑞安·罗切特而言，恢复餐就是烤鸡胸脯肉配阿尔弗雷多酱、全麦意大利面和一份加柠檬汁和橄榄油的沙拉。格拉斯曼说，罗切特戒掉了垃圾食品、糖果和苏打汽水，开始了一项严格的力量训练养生法，其中包括抛拖拉机轮胎、拖船链及投掷啤酒桶。

罗切特的恢复餐中包括了所有恢复身体状态所必需的重要常量营养元素。